碳/酚醛材料的粒子侵蚀

引用均质材料的冲蚀疲劳理论，研究了碳／酚醛材料应用在固体火箭发动机喉衬情况下的侵蚀特性；分别对无碳化层和有碳化层两种状态进行了分析和计算。综合热化学烧蚀计算与实验对比，得到粒子冲蚀的定性定量结果。     

碳纤维表面特性对防热材料烧蚀性能影响的研究

为了提高碳／酚醛防热材料的烧蚀性能，着重对碳纤维的表面特性进行了分析研究。结果表明，碳纤维的表面状态对防热材料烧蚀性能有很大的影响，其中主要的影响因素是纤维的捻度和浆料。为了改善材料在高状态试验条件下的烧蚀性能，降低纤维的捻度和上浆量是必需的。     

宽温域柔性接头弹性件本构模型适用性研究

针对宽温域丁异戊橡胶弹性件开展了-55、-40、20、65℃下的单轴拉伸试验与剪切试验,研究其在不同温度下本构模型的适用性,验证了本构模型由一种变形对其他变形的预测能力,在此基础上采用有限元方法分析了各模型的计算误差,确定了丁异戊橡胶在不同温度不同应变下所适用的本构模型。结果表明,阶数越高的本构模型预测能力越差,低阶的Neo-Hookean模型预测能力最好,同时在丁异戊橡胶弹性件的有限元计算中,-55～20℃本构模型采用Yeoh模型与三阶五项式模型最好,20～65℃采用Yeoh模型计算精度最高。     

CMOS SRAM器件单粒子锁定敏感区的脉冲激光定位试验研究

利用脉冲激光定位成像系统,对CMOS SRAM K6R4016V1D器件开展了单粒子锁定效应（SEL）敏感区定位的试验研究。试验结果表明：该器件的单粒子锁定效应敏感区呈周期性分布,而对于单一的SEL敏感区,其长度和宽度相差很大。在此基础上进一步讨论了SEL敏感区的分布对测试方法和空间SEL发生频次计算的影响。     

Learning via satellite

This report describes a global applied research project — Project Learn — being sponsored by the International Space University in Strasbourg, which aims to address key educational needs, particularly in remote and rural areas, via satellite. The project aims to bypass conventional approaches to education, health care and communications development by using global information technologies at a local level and drawing a range of international organizations into a cooperative effort. Examples of the kind of work to be undertaken by the project are presented.     

非结构网格上新型的NND有限元格式

张涵信发展的ＮＮＤ差分格式是由中心差分格式,二阶迎风格式和一阶迎风格式混合组成的杂交型格式。众所周知,和中心差分格式相对应的是Ｇａｌｅｒｋｉｎ有限元格式。通过对中心型有限元格式加修正项的方法本文成功地构造出二阶迎风型有限元格式和一阶迎风型有限元格式。     

在烧蚀条件下固体火箭发动机复合喷管的温度预示

本文探讨了由石墨和高硅氧-酚醛组成的固体火箭发动机复合喷管,在考虑热解炭化和烧蚀引起喷管内型面变化条件下的瞬态轴对称二维温度场.借用当量热容的概念和坐标变换的方法,应用单元体能量平衡原理,在内点用显式格式,边界结点用隐式格式进行数值求解,这样的计算比较简捷,所得温度场与实验结果作了比较,说明本文的预示方法是可以符合工程精度要求的.     

航空发动机研制中量化评估方法探索

本文参考国内外重大项目研制中所采取的先进的、科学的量化评估方法,对在航空发动机研制中采用量化评估方法进行了探索,对用于航空发动机的技术成熟度定义、可行性量化评估方法、风险量化评估方法均进行了较为详细的描述,每种方法均给出了实例。     

空气导管对飞机密闭空间传热流动的影响

在分析高温高压空气导管作用下飞机货舱三角区内的空气传热和流动机制的基础上,采用数值计算方法对舱内空气的导热-辐射-对流耦合换热问题进行研究,考察了空气导管布置位置、导管管径和辐射对传热流动特性的影响。研究结果表明:舱内空气传热和流动受空气导管在垂直方向上的位置变化影响较大;当导管布置位置在水平方向上变化时,仅对温度场影响较大,而对流动强度的影响较小;随着导管直径的增加,空气导管与舱内空气的总换热量增加,舱内各处空气的温度也随之升高,相应的自然对流强度减弱;辐射传热会减小空气导管与货舱三角区壁面之间的换热温差,增加总的换热量,并且削弱自然对流的强度。     

Six-month space greenhouse experiments--a step to creation of future biological life support systems

SVET Space Greenhouse (SG)--the first automated facility for growing of higher plants in microgravity was designed in the eighty years to be used for the future BLSS. The first successful experiment with vegetables was carried out in 1990 on the MIR Space Station (SS). The experiments in SVET SG were resumed in 1995, when an American Gas Exchange Measurement System (GEMS) was added. A three-month wheat experiment was carried out as part of MIR-SHUTTLE'95 program. SVET-2 SG Bulgarian equipment of a new generation with optimised characteristics was developed (financed by NASA). The new SVET-GEMS equipment was launched on board the MIR SS and a successful six-month experiments for growing up of two crops of wheat were conducted in 1996 - 97 as part of MIR-NASA-3 program. The first of these "Greenhouse" experiments (123 days) with the goal to grow wheat through a complete life cycle is described. Nearly 300 heads developed but no seeds were produced. A second crop of wheat was planted and after 42 days the plants were frozen for biochemical investigations. The main environmental parameters during the six-month experiments in SVET (substrate moisture and lighting period) are given. The results and the contribution to BLSS are discussed.