基于时延的高精度泄漏点超声定向检测方法

针对当前气体泄漏点检测定向精度低的情况,提出一种基于时延的高精度超声检测方法.该方法利用3个呈等边三角形分布的超声传感器接收由泄漏点产生的超声波,根据3路信号的相对时延值确定泄漏点的方向.为克服采样间隔对时延估计精度的限制,采用基于三次样条插值的时延估计算法估计信号时延值,并对不同核窗长度下的各100组实验数据的时延值进行误差统计,得到其均方差并与其Cramér-Rao下界比较,发现二者的变化趋势具有良好的一致性.在此基础上研究了时延值均方差,超声传感器间距和泄漏点距离对定向精度的影响.结果表明:定向误差随时延值均方差增大而增大,随超声传感器间距增大而减小,随泄漏点距离增大而增大;定向精度比单超声传感器检测方法提高7～10倍.     

气动发动机输出扭矩无因次分析

针对气动发动机的工作过程,利用能量方程、气体状态方程、连续性方程及运动过程方程建立气动发动机的非线性微分方程组.选取合适的基准量,对所建立的微分方程组进行无因次化,得到无因次化的数学模型.利用MATLAB/Simulink仿真工具,对无因次数学模型进行研究,得到各无因次量对气动发动机输出扭矩的影响.从仿真结果可以看出,气动发动机的无因次转速、进气门面积比例因子、排气门面积比例因子以及进气持续角度对气动发动机的无因次输出扭矩影响较大.当发动机转速升高扭矩急剧下降时,可以通过调整进气门面积比例因子、排气门面积比例因子以及进气持续角度使输出扭矩恒定.     

Comparison of ionosphere characteristic parameters obtained by ionosonde with IRI-2007 model over Southeast Asia

In this work, the foF2 and hmF2 parameters at the conjugate points near the magnetic equator of Southeast Asia are studied and compared with the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model. Three ionosondes are installed nearly along the magnetic meridian of 100°E; one at the magnetic equator, namely Chumphon (10.72°N, 99.37°E, dip angle 3.0°N), and the other two at the magnetic conjugate points, namely Chiang Mai (18.76°N, 98.93°E, dip angle 12.7°N) and Kototabang (0.2°S, 100.30°E, dip angle 10.1°S). The monthly hourly medians of the foF2 and hmF2 parameters are calculated and compared with the predictions obtained from the IRI-2007 model from January 2004 to February 2007. Our results show that: the variations of foF2 and hmF2 predicted by the IRI-2007 model generally show the similar feature to the observed data. Both parameters generally show better agreement with the IRI predictions during daytime than during nighttime. For foF2, most of the results show that the IRI model overestimates the observed foF2 at the magnetic equator (Chumphon), underestimates at the northern crest (Chiang Mai) and is close to the measured ones at the southern crest of the EIA (Kototabang). For hmF2, the predicted hmF2 values are close to the hmF2(M3000F2_OBS) during daytime. During nighttime, the IRI model gives the underestimation at the magnetic equator and the overestimation at both EIA crests. The results are important for the future improvements of the IRI model for foF2 and hmF2 over Southeast Asia region.     

In situ analysis of Europa ices by short-range melting probes

A key aspect for understanding the astrobiological potential of planets and moons in the Solar system is the analysis of material embedded in or underneath icy layers on the surface. In particular in case of the icy crust of Jupiters moon Europa such investigation would be of greatest interest. For a Europa lander to be launched in the 2020–2030 timeframe, we propose to use a simplified instrumented melting probe which is able to access and sample depths of a few meters without the necessity of heavy and complicated drilling equipment.     

飞行弹丸红外特性的地面模拟试验

设计并建立了用于飞行弹丸中段飞行状态实验室模拟的试验系统,测量获得了飞行弹丸的红外辐射特性.基于传热与辐射理论,分析了相关参数对实验结果的影响,获得飞行弹丸在一定飞行状态下的辐射特性变化规律.目标的初始温度和辐照条件是影响目标辐射特性的主要因素,自旋状态影响辐射特性的空间分布.试验测量与数值仿真和理论分析结果均具有很好的一致性,证明在实验室开展飞行弹丸的红外辐射特性模拟试验具有可行性.     

Occurrence of equatorial plasma bubbles over Kolhapur

This paper reports the nightglow observations of OI 630.0 nm emissions, made by using all sky imager operating at low latitude station Kolhapur (16.8°N, 74.2°E and dip lat. 10.6°N) during high sunspot number years of 24th solar cycle. The images are analyzed to study the nocturnal, seasonal and solar activity dependence occurrence of plasma bubbles. We observed EPBs in images regularly during a limited period 19:30 to 02:30 LT and reach maximum probability of occurrence at 22:30 LT. The observation pattern of EPBs shows nearly no occurrence during the month of May and it maximizes during the period October–April. The equinox and solstice seasonal variations in the occurrence of plasma bubbles show nearly equal and large differences, respectively, between years of 2010–11 and 2011–12.     

基于下降图像三维地形重建的参数自适应生成

针对基于单应性下降图像着陆区三维地形重建算法中重建参数对重建结果的影响,提出一种参数自适应生成算法计算最优重建参数.首先,根据匹配特征点对应的空间点拟合出地形近似平面,作为系列平行虚拟切分平面的参考平面,从而确定切分平面的法向和基本深度.其次,在地形近似平面两侧,分别计算特征点对对应的空间点到地形拟合平面最大距离,用于估计重建区地形高度差异.最后,根据地形高度差异和相机距地形拟合平面距离,寻找最优切分平面个数.根据这些重建参数即可计算地形重建所需单应矩阵.对比不同重建参数下的重建结果表明该参数设定方法可以达到更优重建效果.      

环形喷嘴气动谐振加热性能

为了研究环形喷嘴的气动谐振加热性能,采用高精度高分辨率的NND格式差分求解二维轴对称雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程,对环形喷嘴-谐振管系统气动谐振加热过程中谐振管内振荡流动过程进行了数值仿真,并对不同面积的环形喷嘴-谐振管系统进行了数值模拟.研究结果表明:环形喷嘴与圆喷嘴具有相似的谐振加热规律和流场特征,即利用环形喷嘴同样可在谐振管内产生强烈的高频激波振荡.随着环形喷嘴面积减小,每一个谐振周期中的谐振温升逐渐减小.而其能够产生强烈谐振的间距小于圆喷嘴-谐振管系统的间距,在小间距时可以在很宽的喷嘴入口压力范围内产生强烈的谐振,这为气动谐振点火器的结构小型化和工程实用性提供了理论依据.     

基于随机网络编码的无线报文重传最优策略

网络编码技术为无线报文重传问题研究提供了新思路.分析并证明了完全无线报文重传问题最优策略所需重传报文数量等于节点请求报文数量的最大值;基于随机网络编码技术提出了最优重传策略RNCOPT(Random Network Coding based OPTimal Scheme),其编码系数从某选定有限域中随机选取(0除外);利用网络编码矩阵重新生成机制以保证100%解码成功率;描述了RNCOPT组合报文结构及发送节点操作过程.仿真表明:当接收节点数量为30而报文总数为30时,RNCOPT相对于传统非网络编码方案节省重传报文数量可达32%,而此时现有某典型策略CliqueNC却无明显效果.