Mutagenic effects of heavy ion radiation in plants.

Genetic and developmental effects of heavy ions in maize and rice were investigated. Heavy particles with various charges and energies were accelerated at the BEVALAC. The frequency of occurrence of white-yellow stripes on leaves of plants developed from irradiated maize seeds increased linearly with dose, and high-LET heavy charged particles, e.g., neon, argon, and iron, were 2-12 times as effective as gamma rays in inducing this type of mutation. The effectiveness of high-LET heavy ion in (1) inhibiting rice seedling growth, (2) reducing plant fertility, (3) inducing chromosome aberration and micronuclei in root tip cells and pollen mother cells of the first generation plants developed from exposed seeds, and (4) inducing mutation in the second generation, were greater than that of low-LET gamma rays. All effects observed were dose-dependent; however, there appeared to be an optimal range of doses for inducing certain types of mutation, for example, for argon ions (400 MeV/u) at 90-100 Gy, several valuable mutant lines with favorable characters, such as semidwarf, early maturity and high yield ability, were obtained. Experimental results suggest that the potential application of heavy ions in crop improvement is promising. RFLP analysis of two semidwarf mutants induced by argon particles revealed that large DNA alterations might be involved in these mutants.     

星载大口径反射器组件双向调节低应力装配胶接技术

大口径高精度反射器天线是夺取制信息权和制天权卫星的核心单机,其性能直接影响到数据反演的精度和准确度.大口径高精度反射器的性能核心指标在于反射面成型精度及反射面型面精度稳定性两方面,目前大口径高精度反射器研制的精度指标仍存在不稳定问题.文章提出了一种型口径大于1.5 m的星载大口径高精度反射器的低应力胶接装配技术.通过设计一种双向自由调节装置,保证反射器本体型面自由支撑状态下,通过调节背部接口,完成组件装配,最大限度降低反射器本体型面受力,降低反射器组件装配过程受力对型面精度的影响,确保反射器成型型面的高精度成型,实现反射器组件的低应力胶接装配.最终产品型面精度相较于本体精度,仅降低了不到0.012 mm r.m.s,相较于传统大口径高精度反射器胶接装配型面精度损失达0.03 mm r.m.s以上,该技术方法对高精度反射器成型具有显著提高.     

太赫兹反隐形观测技术发展现状及研究必要性

太赫兹波具有高频率、较强穿透性、相干性和物质“指纹特性”等独特性质,其中高频率使得太赫兹具有高分辨率观测能力。文章主要针对太赫兹隐形目标观测技术进行阐述,跟踪太赫兹隐形目标观测技术的国内外发展现状,理清技术发展趋势及脉络,分析研究必要性,为我国反隐形探测技术提供一种新的途径。     

小推力地球卫星圆轨道同轨调相设计方法研究

在研究小推力地球卫星圆轨道同轨调相任务设计问题的基础上,提出了一种半解析调相参数分析方法,并据此发展了一种高效的精确设计方法.首先,根据推力方向对卫星相位角的影响规律,采用推力方向假设和轨道平均技术推导了调相轨道参数满足的函数关系,通过微分修正可快速获得调相轨道的关键参数;然后,基于摄动轨道动力学模型,通过对控制量进行离散化建立了复杂约束条件下的燃料最省调相轨道设计模型,并以初始分析结果为初值,采用序列二次规划算法进行求解;最后,以地球同步轨道调相任务为例对所提方法进行了数值验证.数值仿真结果表明:提出的初始分析方法可为调相轨道设计提供合理的初值猜测,发展的鲁棒设计方法可有效用于摄动模型复杂约束下的小推力调相轨道设计.     

基于遗传算法的动平衡优化方法研究

针对目前发动机频发故障——N1振动过大进行发动机动平衡方法研究,以改进目前动平衡方法中多次试重启车的不足,采用了影响系数法的核心思想,通过对转子建模进行全息谱分析,利用遗传算法进行配重的优化搜索.该方法减少了动平衡过程中的启车次数,对降低发动机动平衡的成本费用有非常好的应用前景.     

Positioning error compensation of an industrial robot using neural networks and experimental study

Due to the characteristics of high efficiency, wide working range, and high flexibility,industrial robots are being increasingly used in the industries of automotive, machining, electrical and electronic, rubber and plastics, aerospace, food, etc. Whereas the low positioning accuracy,resulted from the serial configuration of industrial robots, has limited their further developments and applications in the field of high requirements for machining accuracy, e.g., aircraft assembly.In this paper, a...     

A model for discrimination and prediction of mental workload of aircraft cockpit display interface

With respect to the ergonomic evaluation and optimization in the mental task design of the aircraft cockpit display interface, the experimental measurement and theoretical modeling of mental workload were carried out under flight simulation task conditions using the performance evaluation, subjective evaluation and physiological measurement methods. The experimental results show that with an increased mental workload, the detection accuracy of flight operation significantly reduced and the reaction time was significantly prolonged; the standard deviation of R-R intervals（SDNN） significantly decreased, while the mean heart rate exhibited little change; the score of NASA_TLX scale significantly increased. On this basis, the indexes sensitive to mental workload were screened, and an integrated model for the discrimination and prediction of mental workload of aircraft cockpit display interface was established based on the Bayesian Fisher discrimination and classification method. The original validation and cross-validation methods were employed to test the accuracy of the results of discrimination and prediction of the integrated model, and the average prediction accuracies determined by these two methods are both higher than 85%. Meanwhile, the integrated model shows a higher accuracy in discrimination and prediction of mental workload compared with single indexes. The model proposed in this paper exhibits a satisfactory coincidence with the measured data and could accurately reflect the variation characteristics of the mental workload of aircraft cockpit display interface, thus providing a basis for the ergonomic evaluation and optimization design of the aircraft cockpit display interface in the future.     

沉积含Si过渡层对于不锈钢上沉积的DLC薄膜的性能影响

本文介绍了采用RF-PECVD法在3Cr13不锈钢基体圆片上沉积制备类金刚石多层膜,其内层薄膜为掺Si的过渡层,外层为不同厚度的在50～1000 nm之间的类金刚石薄膜（DLC）。实验结果表明沉积过渡层可以有效提高薄膜与基体的结合力。类金刚石薄膜的摩擦系数和薄膜在摩擦过程中的损坏情况都与外层薄膜的厚度有关。     

基于自适应视觉检测的磁脉冲压接管件接头深度智能检测算法研究

磁脉冲压接技术成形速度快、效率高,适合高强钢和铝、碳纤维等轻质材料的连接,在飞机工业中有广泛的应用前景.但目前针对磁脉冲压接管件的在线检测方法较少,不利于该技术实现自动化生产.针对磁脉冲压接管件压接质量的在线检测需求,提出了一种基于改进YOLOv4–Tiny(You only look once v4–Tiny)检测网...     

如何提高电子信息类大学生的创新素质

面对二十一世纪课程体系的改革，如何培养大学生的创新能力，搞好第二课堂，提高电子信息类大学生的创新素质，是一个有待于探讨的问题。