Hermite算法的收敛性分析及其改进

为了提高多点切触加工算法的计算效率,对其中的Hermite算法进行了改进,并且对改进后的Hermite算法的收敛性进行了理论分析,推导了改进后算法的局部收敛条件,同时给出算法的Steffensen加速迭代公式并新提出了一种基于试算的待定系数迭代法.分析和实例表明,改进后的Hermite算法属于线性收敛的算法,而待定系数迭代法则有接近二阶的收敛速度.综合应用上述算法,可以满足一般性自由曲面多点切触加工刀位计算的要求.      

武装直升机红外辐射计算中多重遮挡处理

针对武装直升机红外辐射计算中任意方向上可视净面积求取问题,提出了一种基于随机模拟的遮挡处理方法.该方法利用曲面造型方法建立直升机的三维模型,并将其离散为四边形面元,采用翼边拓扑结构描述直升机外形的数学模型.在此基础上,基于可见性测试、深度测试和遮挡测试原理对空间多边形面元进行遮挡判断,求出其遮挡面元集,再利用随机变量的统计方法对该多边形进行遮挡计算,求得净面积.对某型武装直升机和简单形体的计算表明,通过合理划分面元数和选取随机点数, 简单目标计算误差可以控制在5%以内,复杂目标可以控制在工程精度要求内.该方法已应用于武装直升机红外辐射特性计算软件中,应用表明该方法稳定、可靠,适于工程分析.      

水基有机硅憎水剂对A3钢憎水处理的应用

以市售聚硅氧烷乳液为基料,辅以金属盐催化剂和醇胺类改性植酸水溶性缓蚀剂制备的水溶性有机硅憎水剂,用以处理A3钢磷化试样表面.考察了催化剂质量分数、植酸质量分数、植酸溶液的pH值、乳液与改性植酸的比率对憎水剂憎水处理效果及稳定性的影响;探讨了不同热处理温度、浸渍时间及热处理时间等工艺条件下憎水剂对金属表面憎水性的影响并确定了憎水剂配方和憎水处理工艺.结果表明,用该憎水剂处理的A3钢磷化试样接触角可达132°左右,A3钢磷化处理表面的耐腐蚀性能得到明显改善.      

Non-Thermal Processes in Cosmological Simulations

Non-thermal components are key ingredients for understanding clusters of galaxies. In the hierarchical model of structure formation, shocks and large-scale turbulence are unavoidable in the cluster formation processes. Understanding the amplification and evolution of the magnetic field in galaxy clusters is necessary for modelling both the heat transport and the dissipative processes in the hot intra-cluster plasma. The acceleration, transport and interactions of non-thermal energetic particles are essential for modelling the observed emissions. Therefore, the inclusion of the non-thermal components will be mandatory for simulating accurately the global dynamical processes in clusters. In this review, we summarise the results obtained with the simulations of the formation of galaxy clusters which address the issues of shocks, magnetic field, cosmic ray particles and turbulence.     

1994年2月21日行星际激波引起的磁暴

利用Imp-8,Geotail和Goes-6等卫星资料,研究了1994年2月21日0900UT到达地球磁层的行星际激波引起的磁暴期间,从太阳风向磁层传输能量的有关问题.结果指出:（1）南向行星际磁场（IMF）的长持续时间不是太阳风向磁层输能的必要条件.南北振荡的,较强IMF也能产生显著的能量传输;（2）行星际扰动磁场通过弓激波和磁层顶后扰动磁能增加,增幅将近5倍;（3）在磁层内扰动磁场的Bz分量在1×10-4Hz附近显著被吸收.这一低频扰动磁场可能是磁暴期间导致氧离子和质子等环电流粒子向内扩散并被加速的原因之一.     

Great solar bursts of October 19, 22 and 23, 1989

Itapetinga measurements at 48 GHz with the multibeam technique are used to determine the relative position of solar burst centroid of emission with high spatial accuracy and time resolution. For the Great Bursts of October 19,22, 1989, with a large production of relativistic particles, and October 23, it is suggested that, at 48 GHz, the bursts might have originated in more then one source in space and time. Additionally the October 19 and 22 Ground Level Events exhibited very unusual intensity-time profiles including double component structures for the onset phase. The Bern observatory spectral radio emission data show a strong spectral flattening typical for large source inhomogeneties. The interpretation for this is that large solar flares are a superposition of a few strong bursts (separated both in space and time) in the same flaring region.     

Cyclic variations in the solar lower atmosphere

The Ca K line has been measured regularly nearly every month since 1974 at Kitt Peak. It is well known that the K₁ component of the Ca K line is formed in the temperature minimum region (TMR) of the solar atmosphere. Our study of the data of CaII K profiles over two solar cycles indicates that both in full disc integrated spectra and in center disc spectra, the distance between the red K₁ and the blue K₁ of the profiles and its average intensity show periodic variations. But the variation for the full disc integrated spectra fluctuates in the same way as the sunspot number does, while that for the center disc spectra has a time delay with respect to sunspot number. Non-LTE computations yield a cyclic temperature variation of about 17 K of the TMR in the quiet-Sun atmosphere and a cyclic variation of about 15–20 km in the height position of the TMR.     

基于台架的涡扇发动机优化调整分析

提出了一种新的发动机优化调整方法.这一方法以多自由度多目标优化理论为基础,利用发动机性能仿真模型和故障诊断模型,在对故障发动机进行故障诊断的基础上,通过调整发动机可调部件以使发动机的性能达到设计要求.利用这一方法建立的发动机调整模型被用于某型处于生产试验阶段的涡扇发动机的实际试车调整中,实践表明,发动机调整模型所得到的最优调整方案能够有效地指导故障发动机的试车调整.      

一种全集成化的温补晶体振荡器

介绍了一种全集成化的温度补偿晶体振荡器 (以下简称温补晶振 )的原理及应用。它采用三次函数电压发生器得到温度补偿电压 ;采用软件的方法实现频率的自动调整。由于采用这种新的补偿方法 ,使得它便于集成化 ,因此它具有体积小、功耗低的优点。其输出信号的频率稳定性可在宽温范围 (- 30℃～ + 85℃ )下达到± 1× 10 - 6 。基于这些优点 ,这种集成温补晶振可在对体积和功耗要求严格的领域 ,尤其是在便携式设备中得到广泛的应用。     

Models of P/Borrelly: Activity and dust mantle formation

Comet 19P/Borrelly was observed by Deep Space One spacecraft on September 22, 2001 (Soderblom et al., 2002).The DS1 images show a very dark and elongate nucleus with a complex topography; the IR spectra show a strong red-ward slope consistent with a very hot and dry surface (345K to 300K). During DS1 encounter the comet coma was dominated by a prominent jet but most of the comet was inactive, confirming the Earth-based observations that <10% of the surface is actively sublimating. We have developed a thermal evolution model of comet PBorrelly, using a numerical code that is able to solve the heat conduction and gas diffusion equations at the same time across an idealized spherical nucleus ( De Sanctis et al., 1999, 2000; Capria et al., 2000; Coradini et al., 1997a,b). The comet nucleus is composed by water, volatiles ices and dust in different proportions. The refractory component is made by grains that are embedded in the icy matrix. The code is able to account for the dust release, contributing to the dust flux, and the formation of dust mantles on the comet surface. The model was applied to a cometary nucleus with the estimated physical and dynamical characteristics of P/Borrelly in order to infer the status and activity level of a body on such an orbit during the DS1 observation. The comet gas flux, differentiation and thermal behavior were simulated and reproduced. The model results are in good agreement with the DS1 flyby results and the ground based observations, in terms of activity, dust coverage and temperatures of the surface.