波音董事长兼CEO詹姆士·麦克纳尼谈创新

<正> 创新对于詹姆士·麦克纳尼来说是一个非常有兴趣的话题。在接受美国《航空周刊与空间技术》(AwsT)采访的过程中,他明确地阐述了自己对创新定义的理解,解释了创新能力远比技术能力重要得多的原因。 AWST:你认为创新的最主要意义是什么? 麦克纳尼:创新的最大意义在于提高你的用户或者消费者的竞争力。衡量创新的影响力,主要是衡量创新对于客户和经济体的快速成长或者生产力的提高所产生的影响力有多大。实际上,创新越多,成本就会越低。也就是说,创新能够让企业在提高员工工资、增加再投资和提高人们的生活水平方     

Investigation of low-energy proton effects on aptamer performance for astrobiological applications

Biochips are promising instruments for the search for organic molecules in planetary environments. Nucleic acid aptamers are powerful affinity receptors known for their high affinity and specificity, and therefore are of great interest for space biochip development. A wide variety of aptamers have already been selected toward targets of astrobiological interest (from amino acids to microorganisms). We present a first study to test the resistance of these receptors to the constraints of the space environment. The emphasis is on the effect of cosmic rays on the molecular recognition properties of DNA aptamers. Experiments on beam-line facilities have been conducted with 2 MeV protons and fluences much higher than expected for a typical mission to Mars. Our results show that this irradiation process did not affect the performances of DNA aptamers as molecular recognition tools.     

The O/OREOS mission: first science data from the Space Environment Survivability of Living Organisms (SESLO) payload

We report the first telemetered spaceflight science results from the orbiting Space Environment Survivability of Living Organisms (SESLO) experiment, executed by one of the two 10?cm cube-format payloads aboard the 5.5?kg Organism/Organic Exposure to Orbital Stresses (O/OREOS) free-flying nanosatellite. The O/OREOS spacecraft was launched successfully to a 72° inclination, 650?km Earth orbit on 19 November 2010. This satellite provides access to the radiation environment of space in relatively weak regions of Earth's protective magnetosphere as it passes close to the north and south magnetic poles; the total dose rate is about 15 times that in the orbit of the International Space Station. The SESLO experiment measures the long-term survival, germination, and growth responses, including metabolic activity, of Bacillus subtilis spores exposed to the microgravity, ionizing radiation, and heavy-ion bombardment of its high-inclination orbit. Six microwells containing wild-type (168) and six more containing radiation-sensitive mutant (WN1087) strains of dried B. subtilis spores were rehydrated with nutrient medium after 14 days in space to allow the spores to germinate and grow. Similarly, the same distribution of organisms in a different set of microwells was rehydrated with nutrient medium after 97 days in space. The nutrient medium included the redox dye Alamar blue, which changes color in response to cellular metabolic activity. Three-color transmitted intensity measurements of all microwells were telemetered to Earth within days of each of the 48?h growth experiments. We report here on the evaluation and interpretation of these spaceflight data in comparison to delayed-synchronous laboratory ground control experiments.     

斯波特计划的回顾与展望（下）

图像产品与市场1．市场情况自首颗卫星升空以来，斯波特卫星产品已在测绘、可再生和不可再生自然资源评价、土木工程和城市规划等领域得到了广泛的应用。目前应用领域已扩展到通信、水资源管理、地质探矿和自然灾害防治等市场领域。这些领域的快速发展将使对地观测市场发生深刻     

卫星是否应该缩小

众议院和参议院之间关于是否发展新一代小型侦察卫星的辩论已使去年的情报审核议案搁置了数月。目前,美国空军的一个顾问委员会已经作了调查,他们说,目前令人骄傲而又开支巨大的美国情报和军事卫星体系应该最终由许多小型卫星组成的分散部署的系统所取代。空军科学顾问委员会的报告没有直接述及目前关于小型卫星     

高压涡轮工作叶片叶型设计研究

针对高压涡轮工作叶片叶栅型面特征,采用可压燃气黏性流2维计算方法对高压涡轮工作叶片叶型进行了气动研究,并通过试验验证了优化设计,得到了叶栅气动设计参数。经与初始叶型对比,优化叶型在各状态下损失特性变化更为平缓,在超临界状态下效率更高,在λ2is=1.20状态下的损失减少了2.8%。该方法缩短了设计时间,并且节省了平面叶栅吹风试验的成本。