无穷观问题的研究(Ⅱ)——从Hausdorff的直觉和Poincaré的名言到Brouwer剧场现象

本组系列论文 ( )～ ( )从数学和认识论的角度系统地研究了无穷观问题的历史发展和现状 ,确立了无穷观背景世界的三分法原则 ,指出了两种无穷观相互排斥的局限性 ,形成了统一两种无穷于同一框架中的基本观点 ,并建立了一个统一实无限与潜无限于同一框架中的公理集合论系统 APAS。     

关于机械零件加工精度分析中废品率计算问题的研究

概括总结废品率计算的几种规律现象,从废品率计算规律的实际问题得出工艺能力系数计算的严谨概念,用此方法指导工程技术人员和操作者重新调正工艺系统,从而避免生产实际中的大量废品的出现.     

对AVR403型电压调节器的分析

当同步发电机输出电流大小与功率因数改变时,其电枢反应与内阻抗压降将改变,则发电机输出电压也将改变。为使发电机输出电压保持额定值,通常都有自动电压调节器与发电机配套工作。本文较详细地分析了MD-80飞机使用的AVR403型电压调节器各部分电路的工作原理,以及整机调压的工作过程,并阐述了该调压器的特点。     

Instrumentation for X-ray astronomy

Less than five decades ago, the first X-ray observations of the sky were made using simple devices such as film and geiger counters with crude collimators. These instruments were carried aloft by sounding rockets and made observations lasting only a few minutes at most. Today, orbiting observatories, utilizing high-resolution CCDs at the focus of arc sec optics, have lifetimes measured in years. To maintain the pace of discovery in X-ray astronomy, detectors must continue to evolve into devices of ever increasing sensitivity and sophistication. Further progress depends upon a host of technologies: grazing incidence optics, proportional counters, semiconductors, calorimeters, etc. In this article we present a brief qualitative overview of these technologies and of the principles behind them, as well as some examples of how they are employed in scientific missions for X-ray observations at energies up to 100 keV.     

Direct measurement of the composition and spectra of cosmic rays above 1 TeV/amu from Jacee

Direct measurements on cosmic ray protons through iron above about 1 TeV/amu have been performed in a series of balloon-borne experiments with emulsion chambers. The measured energy spectra of protons and helium are power laws with exponents of 2.77 ± 0.09 and 2.72 ± 0.11 in the energy range 5 to 500 TeV and 2 to 50 TeV/amu, respectively. The proton spectrum shows no evidence of the steepening near 2 TeV which was reported by other experiments. Helium has a slightly higher intensity compared to extrapolations from lower energy measurements. The heavier elements, carbon to sulfur, show a small tendency for intensity enhancement in the relative abundance above 10 TeV/amu.     

在专业人才培养上的一个新尝试

本文就改革原教学模式,走继续工程教育和企校挂钩联合办学的道路,突出教学为生产服务的原则,尝试了一种新的办学方式,即:继续工程教育“4 1”和联合办学的“3 1”模式,进行了简明扼要的论述。     

立式捏合机搅拌桨的设计

介绍了立式捏合机搅拌桨的设计方法和几何参数的计算方法;推导了两搅拌桨螺旋升角的关系式,根据捏合原理,建立了搅拌桨水平截面曲线的数学模型。     

燃气轮机刷丝与平衡盘碰摩的振动故障诊断

针对某型航改燃气轮机压气机机匣振动超限故障,通过时频和振动幅值趋势分析,结合分解检查结果进行了试验验证,发现平衡盘端面与刷环刷丝之间发生碰摩为根本原因,碰摩形式与传统涡轮叶尖与外环块之间的碰摩形式截然不同。通过定性分析发现,激振力主要通过低压涡轮输出轴传递,且因受№1支点的"杠杆"作用,对振动响应进行了放大;碰摩产生的激振力大小主要与引气量和二者间隙相关,刷环刷丝的表面刚性是随引气量变化的变刚度过程,分析了在燃气轮机动力涡轮转速稳定后,压气机动力涡轮基频幅值随燃气发生器转速提高而继续增大的原因,最后得到力学模型和运动方程。     

Induction of vascular endothelial phenotype and cellular proliferation from human cord blood stem cells cultured in simulated microgravity

Recent studies have demonstrated that stem cells derived from adult hematopoietic tissues are capable of trans-differentiation into non-hematopoietic cells, and that the culture in microgravity (microg) may modulate the proliferation and differentiation. We investigated the application of microg to human umbilical cord blood stem cells (CBSC) in the induction of vascular endothelial phenotype expression and cellular proliferation. CD34+ mononuclear cells were isolated from waste human umbilical cord blood samples and cultured in simulated microg for 14 days. The cells were seeded in rotary wall vessels (RWV) with or without microcarrier beads (MCB) and vascular endothelial growth factor was added during culture. Controls consisted of culture in 1 G. The cell cultures in RWV were examined by inverted microscopy. Cell counts, endothelial cell and leukocyte markers performed by flow cytometry and FACS scan were assayed at days 1, 4, 7 and at the termination of the experiments. Culture in RWV revealed significantly increased cellular proliferation with three-dimensional (3D) tissue-like aggregates. At day 4, CD34+ cells cultured in RWV bioreactor without MCB developed vascular tubular assemblies and exhibited endothelial phenotypic markers. These data suggest that CD34+ human umbilical cord blood progenitors are capable of trans-differentiation into vascular endothelial cell phenotype and assemble into 3D tissue structures. Culture of CBSC in simulated microg may be potentially beneficial in the fields of stem cell biology and somatic cell therapy.     

航天员的模糊控制模型及应用展望

本文以航天员控制过程中的思维活动(概念、判断、推理和决断)为基础,用模糊集理论建立了航天员的模糊控制模型,并在地面模拟条件下,用航天员控制飞船时的实验结果说明了模型的有效性。本模型可以描述航天员控制载人航天飞行器(如飞船、航天飞机和空间站等)的控制行为。该模型的建立不仅为航天人—机—环境系统的总体分析、评价和设计提供新手段,而且为模糊控制理论的发展和模糊控制系统的分析、设计奠定了基础。