基于深度神经网络的客机总体设计参数敏感性分析

飞机总体主要设计参数敏感性分析揭示了总体主要设计参数对飞机特性指标的影响,有助于总体设计方案的决策。针对宽体客机总体主要设计参数敏感性问题,根据其总体主要设计参数和特性指标的特点,以及多学科间的耦合关系,建立了深度神经网络模型。该深度神经网络模型以客机总体主要设计参数为输入,对特性指标进行预测。在深度神经网络模型中,设置了多个输入层、多个输出层以及多个分块的隐藏层,从而模拟客机总体主要设计参数对特性指标的影响以及不同特性指标之间的相互作用。测试结果表明,与传统代理模型相比,深度神经网络模型对客机特性指标的预测精度更高,多参数适应性更好。利用该深度神经网络模型对客机总体主要设计参数进行敏感性分析。分析结果表明,机翼1/4弦线后掠角在30°~31.5°时,有利于减少最大起飞重量和起飞平衡场长;发动机海平面最大静推力和机翼面积对客机直接使用成本、最大起飞重量等特性指标的影响最为显著。     

Ultrastructural study of iron oxide precipitates: implications for the search for biosignatures in the Meridiani hematite concretions, Mars

Two terrestrial environments that have been proposed as analogs for the iron oxide precipitation in the Meridiani Planum region of Mars include the Rio Tinto precipitates and southern Utah marble concretions. Samples of two typical Utah iron oxide concretions and iron oxide precipitates in contact with biofilms from Rio Tinto have been studied to determine whether evidence could be found for biomediation in the precipitation process and to identify likely locations for fossil microorganisms. Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to search for biosignatures in the Utah marbles. The precipitation of iron oxides resembles known biosignatures, though organic compounds could not be confirmed with GC-MS analysis. In contrast, textural variations induced by biological activity are abundant in the modern Rio Tinto samples. Although no compelling evidence of direct or indirect biomediation was found in the Utah marbles, the ultrastructure of the iron oxide cement in the concretion suggests an inward growth during concretion precipitation from an initially spherical redox front. No indication for growth from a physical nucleus was found.     

Guidepost-based autonomous orbit determination method for GEO satellite

Guidepost-based navigation system is a novel autonomous orbit determination method for the GEO satellite. The system is achieved by using the camera imaging function to obtain the guidepost images and the GNSS signal receiver to obtain the pseudoranges between the GEO and the navigation satellites. Due to the high altitude of GEO satellite and the time-varying sunlight condition in the space environment, it may be difficult to obtain object image points and the distance measurements of GNSS because of the weak visibility of the guideposts. To deal with the problem, a novel integrated orbit determination system is presented. The Earth landmarks, the in-orbit spacecraft and GNSS navigation satellites whose line-of-sights and the distance can be easily obtained are used at the same time as information for the GEO satellite navigation based on the observability conditions analysis. The observability of the GEO satellite navigation system is analyzed through the physical observability, the mathematical observability and the engineering observability through the observing geometry, the rank of observability matrix and the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) respectively. Besides, the maximum correntropy unscented Kalman filter (MCUKF) algorithm is applied to improve the estimation stability of the system in the presence of non-Gaussian noises. The simulation indicates the feasibility of the proposed scheme.     

导弹命中精度一致性分析及评估

命中精度是导弹性能考核的重要指标,对于反舰导弹的命中精度评定,常常采用命中概率这一精度指标。在反舰导弹命中精度评估的过程中,单独采用经典方法来评估导弹的命中概率时,不同的评估方法可能会带来不一致的评估结果,因此会造成较大的评估风险。为了提高评估结果的一致性,降低评估风险,本文首先改进了基于正态分布的命中概率评估方法,提出了基于Bootstrap重采样的命中概率估计新方法,进一步联合基于二项分布的命中概率评估方法,对导弹的命中精度进行一致性分析及评估。与经典方法相比,该方法降低了评估的风险,提高了评估结果的稳健性。     

Morlet复小波频带优化及其在中介轴承故障诊断中的应用

针对中介轴承故障信号特点,提出了一个既能反映信号中冲击成分强弱,又能突出周期性脉冲特征的新的频带优化参数——局部包络谱峰值因子,并应用其对中介轴承故障信号Morlet复小波共振解调频带进行优化。为验证该方法的优越性,搭建双转子实验台开展中介轴承外圈故障及内圈故障模拟实验,采用局部包络谱峰值因子频带优化的Morlet复小波的对采集的试验数据进行分析。以内外圈转速均为600 r/min的中介轴承为例,外圈故障频率的理论值为88 Hz,利用局部包络谱峰值因子频带优化得到的外圈故障频率为8725 Hz。结果表明该指标能够提取出中介轴承故障频率峰值,有效地将故障信息从振动信号中分离出来,实现中介轴承故障诊断。     

感应电机全阶状态观测器及其无源性转速控制

为了实现感应电机的高动态调速性能,针对电机的非线性本质,提出了一种基于全阶状态观测器及其转速自适应估算的感应电机无源性转速控制方案。在基于感应电机无源性与稳定性分析的基础上,设计了渐近稳定转矩跟踪无源性控制器。针对无源控制律所需转子电流难以观测的问题,提出了一种旋转坐标系下以转子电流和转子磁链为状态变量的全阶状态观测器,并应用该观测器对转速进行估算,实现了感应电机无速度传感器的无源性转速控制。仿真结果表明该控制方法易于实现,采用全阶观测器观测转子电流值和估算转速值更为准确,显著提高了感应电机的动静态性能。     

螺旋桨性能计算的升力线与升力面方法

基于改进升力线方法，编制了螺桨升力线方法计算程序，并以此为基础，在桨尖外一层虚网格和虚控制点，得升力线理论中导出的附着涡和自由涡的积分公式，发展了一种螺旋动性能计算的升力面方法，该方法具有简洁、方便，实用等特点，用本文发展的升力线和升力面方法对多个螺旋桨算例进行了计算，计算结果与实验结果符合良好。     

微振动对高分辨率空间相机成像影响的集成分析

文章应用集成建模思想对某型高分辨率空间相机进行了微振动影响的结构-光学集成分析。首先分别建立了该空间相机的微振动载荷模型、结构有限元模型和光学系统模型。然后对微振动载荷作用下的结构有限元模型进行动力学分析,获得空间相机各光学元件的响应位移,并输入到Code V光学模型中做光学系统仿真分析,得出MTF下降和像移情况。通过结果数据的对比分析表明,空间相机对沿坐标轴平动和转动的6种微振动载荷具有不同的响应敏感性,为改进设计、隔振抑振提供了参考。     

基于仿真计算的辐射源信号生成方法研究

为提高复杂电磁环境中辐射源信号的生成效率和逼真度,提出了一种基于仿真软件驱动实际信号生成的辐射源信号产生方法.首先,通过M atlab仿真计算得到任意辐射源信号(以辐射源信号中的LFM信号为例);其次,利用LabVIEW设计出相应的I/Q信号读取及发射单元;最后,经任意波形信号发生器生成射频信号.试验表明,利用计算机软件仿真出的辐射源信号与实际生成的射频信号相一致,该方法为实现快速仿真生成任意辐射源信号及其可视化研究提供了技术支持,独立的读取单元减少了系统内存的占用,具有一定的工程实践意义.