计算两相流的一种改进方法

针对两相流动中密度及颗粒浓度的变化，建立了一种考虑颗粒相体积浓度值变化的颗粒相压力修正方程及考虑可压缩性影响的流体相压力修正方程，在不可压两相流的计算方法上，发展了一种计算可压两相流的方法，以速度协变分量为求解变量，对不可压两相密相流及可压稀相两相流进行了计算，并和已有的实验数据及有关文献进行了比较，吻合性较好，表明计算方法可行。     

CF3052/5284RTM 复合材料湿热性能

通过对CF3052/5284RTM复合材料进行试验研究,测定其在不同湿热条件下的基本力学性能,分析湿热条件对基本力学性能的影响。结果表明:湿热环境对该复合材料力学性能的影响程度不一,其中湿度的作用较温度更加明显;该复合材料在高温湿态条件下保持了较高的拉伸和纵横剪切强度,具有综合力学性能好、耐湿热性能好等优点。     

加力燃烧室三维两相化学反应流数值模拟

利用FLUENT软件对某型发动机加力燃烧室进行了三维两相化学反应流的数值计算;应用有限速率化学反应模型和离散相雾化模型描述了加力燃烧室中复杂的三维两相化学反应过程。计算中给出了冷热态的流场变量和化学组分分布,以及燃烧效率和总压恢复系数沿流程的变化关系,与试验结果符合较好。     

金属材料延性断裂韧度测试中的柔度方法研究

 对紧凑拉伸(CT)试样的柔度转动修正方法进行了研究,理清了现行柔度转动修正方法存在的问题,给出了新的转动修正方法,并提出了考虑转动效应的CT试样的裂纹嘴张开位移(CMOD,V₀)与加载线张开位移(V_LL)的转换公式。弹塑性有限元分析表明,CT试样产生刚性转动的中心并不在试样的剩余韧带中心,而是在偏靠裂纹尖端的位置;转动半径 R 基本不受材料本构关系的影响,仅与CT试样的裂纹长度a与宽度W之比(a/W)有关,从而提出了R与a/W之间的单调多项式;当裂纹尖端产生较大程度的塑性变形时,需要考虑转动效应对CT试样裂纹张开位移(COD)测量的影响, J积分的塑性功计算须采用经转动修正后的COD。采用两种延性材料Cr2Ni2MoV和16MnR对COD转换公式进行了实验验证,结果表明,基于转动分析的COD转换公式由于考虑了裂纹尖端附近区域的弹塑性变形行为,用于断裂韧性测试中的塑性功计算更加符合实际,且同实验结果符合良好;直通型紧凑拉伸(FFCT)试样的刚性转动对较大裂纹扩展情形下的J_R阻力曲线影响较大。     

Uncertainty analysis and design optimization of hybrid rocket motor powered vehicle for suborbital flight

In this paper, we propose an uncertainty analysis and design optimization method and its applications on a hybrid rocket motor(HRM) powered vehicle. The multidisciplinary design model of the rocket system is established and the design uncertainties are quantified. The sensitivity analysis of the uncertainties shows that the uncertainty generated from the error of fuel regression rate model has the most significant effect on the system performances. Then the differences between deterministic design optimization(DDO) and uncertainty-based design optimization(UDO) are discussed. Two newly formed uncertainty analysis methods, including the Kriging-based Monte Carlo simulation(KMCS) and Kriging-based Taylor series approximation(KTSA), are carried out using a global approximation Kriging modeling method. Based on the system design model and the results of design uncertainty analysis, the design optimization of an HRM powered vehicle for suborbital flight is implemented using three design optimization methods: DDO, KMCS and KTSA. The comparisons indicate that the two UDO methods can enhance the design reliability and robustness. The researches and methods proposed in this paper can provide a better way for the general design of HRM powered vehicles.In this paper,we propose an uncertainty analysis and design optimization method and its applications on a hybrid rocket motor(HRM)powered vehicle.The multidisciplinary design model of the rocket system is established and the design uncertainties are quantified.The sensitivity analysis of the uncertainties shows that the uncertainty generated from the error of fuel regression rate model has the most significant effect on the system performances.Then the differences between deterministic design optimization(DDO)and uncertainty-based design optimization(UDO)are discussed.Two newly formed uncertainty analysis methods,including the Kriging-based Monte Carlo simulation(KMCS)and Kriging-based Taylor series approximation(KTSA),are carried out using a global approximation Kriging modeling method.Based on the system design model and the results of design uncertainty analysis,the design optimization of an HRM powered vehicle for suborbital flight is implemented using three design optimization methods:DDO,KMCS and KTSA.The comparisons indicate that the two UDO methods can enhance the design reliability and robustness.The researches and methods proposed in this paper can provide a better way for the general design of HRM powered vehicles.     

阻燃钛合金高温变形行为研究

通过等温恒应变速率热模拟压缩试验,研究了一种铸态组织的阻燃钛合金在变形温度900~1200℃,应变速率0.001～1s-1下的高温流变应力和组织演变,计算了变形激活能及应力指数,并给出了该合金变形的本构方程.结果表明,此种阻燃钛合金高温变形是扩散控制的过程,软化机制以动态回复为主,但在应变速率较高时会发生项链状动态再结晶,而在应变速率较低时会发生连续再结晶,合金中的碳化物形貌在高温变形过程中也会发生转变.     

一种形状自适应的嵌入式小波图像编码器

形状自适应的小波变换编码可以编码任意形状的物体,不但保持了物体的纹理信息,而且编码不会带来不必要的冗余.但是当对任意形状的物体进行小波变换时,会由于变换序列的长度、下采样位置的不同而带来一些变化.文章利用懒小波对任意形状的掩膜进行变换,并且采用9-7滤波器的提升小波形式,很好地解决了这些问题.最终通过修正的形状自适应的SPIHT算法,对任意形状物体的内部纹理进行编码压缩.与原始算法相比,性能提高了大约0.2 dB.      

系留气球时域响应分析

为研究系留气球稳定性,建立了系留气球的三维非线性动力学模型.缆绳采用有限差分法,球体采用经典的六自由度方程,其中气动力导数以静导数、动导数和附加质量表示.以主节点运动为边界条件,以静态构型为初始条件,建立完整耦合动力学方程.利用直接求解非线性偏微分方程的方法对该系统进行时域响应分析,考察了风速对纵向和横侧向稳定性的影响,并给出相应的响应曲线.直接求解非线性耦合方程的成功,表明该数学模型及其解法是可行的.      

Simulation of ASTROD I test mass charging due to solar energetic particles and interplanetary electrons

As ASTROD I travels through space, its test mass will accrue charge due to exposure of the spacecraft to high-energy particles. This test mass charge will result in Coulomb forces between the test mass and the surrounding electrodes. In earlier work, we have used the GEANT 4 toolkit to simulate charging of the ASTROD test mass due to cosmic-ray protons of energies between 0.1 and 1000 GeV at solar maximum and at solar minimum. Here we use GEANT 4 to simulate the charging process due to solar energetic particle events and interplanetary electrons. We then estimate the test mass acceleration noise due to these fluxes. The predicted charging rates range from 2247 e⁺/s to 47,055 e⁺/s, at peak intensity, for the four largest SEP events in September and October 1989. Although the noise due to charging exceeds the ASTROD I budget for the two larger events, it can be suppressed through continuous discharging. The acceleration noise during the two small events is well below the design target. The charging rate of the ASTROD I test mass due to interplanetary electrons in this simulation is about −11% of the cosmic-ray protons at solar minimum, and over −37% at solar maximum. In addition to the Monte Carlo uncertainty, an error of ±30% in the net charging rates should be added to account for uncertainties in the spectra, physics models and geometry implementations.     

航天器可应用实时以太网分析

在航天器上应用以太网的目的是借助以太网的灵活性, 获得方便 的通信接入及数据传输的高带宽, 并且能适应控制领域通信的实 时性和确定性. 实时以太网的确定性、通信调度机制和传输特征是其满足航天器网络通信特性需求的主要判定依据. 通过分析航天器数据通信特点, 对比实时以太网通信调度策略, 得出应用于航天器的实时以太网应具备时间同步、强实时性、确定性、高带宽、多数据类型、双通道冗余及兼容标准以太网等特征.