Φ5m立式风洞尾旋试验技术

中国空气动力研究与发展中心于2005年建成了Φ5m立式风洞.该风洞的主要功能是开展飞机自由尾旋风洞实验研究.因此,飞机尾旋试验研究与风洞建设同步进行,并于Φ5m立式风洞建成时就进行了一期民机的自由尾旋试验.笔者着重介绍了本期飞机自由尾旋试验的试验方法、试验设备、图像采集与处理、动力相似模型设计以及飞机尾旋特性分析.通过LE-500飞机中俄自由尾旋对比试验结果分析表明:两座立式风洞中的同一飞机模型的尾旋试验结果具有较好的一致性,中国空气动力研究与发展中心Φ5m立式风洞具备了开展飞机自由尾旋试验研究的能力.     

一种同轨区域集中的北斗卫星自主导航算法

基于北斗三号卫星配置规划,提出了一种同轨区域集中的北斗卫星自主导航算法。利用Ka星间链路指向切换灵活特性与激光链路高速通信特性,并克服激光终端异轨面通信困难,指向切换不便等缺陷,算法设计将轨道面内各卫星采集的Ka双向测距信息利用激光星间链路传入轨道面主卫星中,从而将测距信息集中处理并完成轨道面内各卫星的轨道信息更新。并且,本文还搭建了星内模拟仿真环境,对算法精度及性能进行验证。仿真结果表明,同轨道区域集中自主导航算法可在星内仿真环境中稳定运行,且其导航精度远优于分布式自主导航精度。     

圆柱贮箱内液体非线性稳态晃动实验及动力学特性分析

针对圆柱贮箱内液体非线性稳态晃动力和力矩动态信号的采集与分析问题,设计了一种能同时实现充液贮箱整体固定安装和液体动态晃动力、力矩精确测量的实验装置,给出了相应的实验数据采集、分析和处理方法。通过开展大量实验,将实验数据与CFD仿真结果进行细致对比后发现:在旋转晃动状态下,CFD仿真结果存在明显的计算偏差,不便被独立的用于完整揭示贮箱内液体晃动的真实特性。最后,归纳了贮箱内液体的非线性稳态晃动行为随横向外激励频率的变化规律,并对比分析了驻波晃动、拍振晃动、多类复杂的旋转晃动等多种不同形式的非线性稳态晃动行为对运载工具控制系统的任务执行效率和稳定性的影响。     

多充液贮腔航天器耦合动力学与姿态控制

基于已有的质心面液体大幅晃动等效力学模型，采用拉格朗日方法，系统地建立了任意复杂激励下四贮腔航天器刚-液耦合动力学精确模型。由本文方法所得到的等效晃动力及晃动力矩与通过Flow3D计算出的相应结果吻合良好，验证了所建模型的可靠性。根据所建立的大幅晃动类充液航天器耦合系统动力学模型进一步研究了该类航天器在进行三轴稳定姿态机动时的主要动力学耦合特性，并设计了一类抑制姿态振荡的补偿控 制器。     

Inner wrinkling control in hydrodynamic deep drawing of an irregular surface part using drawbeads

Inner wrinkling phenomenon is more likely to develop during hydrodynamic deep drawing （HDD） of complicated component-forms due to the higher demand for controlling deformation sequences. Aiming at the problems in control of inner wrinkling for an irregular surface part featured with both concavity and convex, this research proposes an optimal design method of drawbead parameters to change the material flow. According to theoretical analysis of the mechanism of inner wrinkling, optimizing cavity pressure only is unreasonable to form a wrinkle-free deep-drawn part, so semi-circular drawbeads are employed. The effects of layout and height of drawbeads on forming results are discussed, and a process window is established based on evaluation indicators including the anti-wrinkle coefficient and the minimum wall thickness. Experiments are carried out to validate the process window, and the wall thickness and the wrinkle height are measured and compared with numerical findings. The results show that the anti-wrinkle ability of drawbeads weakens with increasing oblique angle and distance from the die center, while the wall thickness increases with increasing oblique angle and distance, and the inner wrinkling can be completely suppressed by drawbeads arranged in zones I and II with optimum penetration.     

航天器项目群管理模式探讨

阐述了我国现有航天器多项目管理的模式和特点,在分析我国航天器项目管理发展基础上,根据航天器研制任务急剧增长的情况提出了项目群管理的概念和项目群管理模式的思路,为寻找更好的适合航天器快速发展的项目管理方法提供参考。     

综合火力/飞行控制系统火飞耦合器设计技术研究

为提高武器的攻击精度、延长可攻击时间，本文建议了IFFC系统中的空-空射击作战模态，研究了火飞耦合器的基本结构及其参数优化设计方法，提出了一种以随机射线优化方法和IFFC系统数字仿真相结合的离线寻优的参数设计策略。在寻找过程中采用了以减小脱靶量为优化准则的目标函数。数字仿真表明，优化后的IF-FC系统的可攻击时间延长了30％，攻击精度提高了约50％。本文所提出的设计准则与方法对其它非空-空射击模态的IFFC系统仍有普遍意义。     

机翼大迎角涡破裂时气动特性计算方法的研究

本文计算了小展弦比机翼纵向和横侧气动特性,并计及涡破裂的影响。本方法以Purvis升力面理论和Polhamus吸力比拟为基础。并参照Lan方法进行大迎角特性修正。算例表明,本方法适用于小展弦比机翼气动特性的计算。     

Comparison of three soil-like substrate production techniques for a bioregenerative life support system

It is very important to recycle the inedible biomass of higher plants to improve the closure of bioregenerative life support system (BLSS). Processing candidate higher plant residues into the soil-like substrate (SLS) as the plant growth medium is a promising way to achieve. In this study, three different processing techniques of SLSs, using residues of wheat and rice as feedstock, were compared. As for the first traditional technique, SLS1 was obtained by successive conversion of wheat straw by oyster mushrooms and worms. In the other two methods, SLSs were produced with aerobic fermentation (SLS2) or anaerobic fermentation (SLS3) followed by worm conversion. The changes in SLS cellulose, lignin, available elements and pH were measured during the production processes. The maturity was evaluated by the value of C/N. The fertilities were compared in terms of available elements contents and lettuce productivities. The results indicated that the second technique was optimal, whose process cycle was 30 days less than that of SLS1. The total cellulose and lignin degradation of SLS2, achieved 98.6% and 93.1% during the 93-days-processing, and the lettuce productivity reached 12.0 g m⁻² day⁻¹.     

Creep Behaviors of FGH95 Powder Ni-Base Superalloy

This article makes an investigation into the creep behavior and deformation features of FGH95 powder Ni-base superalloy by means of creep curves and microstructural observation. Results show that this superalloy exposes obvious sensibility to the applied temperature and stresses in the experimental range. Microstructure of the alloy consists of γ′ phase of various sizes and dispersed carbide particles precipitated in the wider crystal boundaries between the powder particles. During the creep, the deformation of the alloy occurs in the form of single- or double-oriented slipping inside the grains, and some of the finer carbide particles are precipitated near the slipping traces. The wide grain boundaries might be broken into the finer grains due to severe deformation. The deformation mechanism of the alloy during creep is thought to be the activation of dislocations of double-oriented slipping, including (1/2)<110> dislocation inside the γ matrix phase and <110> super-dislocation inside the γ′ phase. The formation of the stacking faults and (1/3)<112> super-Shockleys partial dislocation configuration is attributed to the decomposition of <110> super-dislocation in the γ′ phase.