飞机研发中的企业浪费与信息化对策

企业中错综复杂的问题都以各种各样的浪费形式表现出来。如何透过这些表象将正处在改革过程中的企业产品研发中的问题症结找出来,通过信息技术的深层次应用和知识管理在企业的推动,将这些问题解决、最大限度地减少浪费,是我们需要研究的一项重要课题。     

Temperature effect on buckling properties of ultra-thin-walled lenticular collapsible composite tube subjected to axial compression

This paper seeks to outline the temperature effect on the buckling properties of ultra-thin-walled lenticular collapsible composite tube(LCCT) subjected to axial compression.The buckling tests of the LCCT specimens subjected to axial compression were carried out on INSTRON-500 N servo-hydraulic machine in dry state and at the temperatures of 25 C, 100 C and 80 C. The load–displacement curves and buckling initiation loads were measured and the buckling initiation mechanism was discussed from experimental observations. Experiments show that the buckling initiation load, on average, is only about 2.2% greater at the low temperature of 80 C than at the room temperature of 25 C due to the material hardening, demonstrating an insignificant increase in the buckling initiation load, whereas it is about 19.5% lower at the high temperature of 100 C than at the room temperature owing to the material softening, implying a significant decrease in the buckling initiation load. The failure mode of the LCCT in axial compression tests at three different temperatures can be reckoned to be characteristic of the buckling initiation and propagation around the central region until rupture. The finite element(FE) model is presented to simulate the buckling initiation mechanism based on the eigenvalue-based methodology. Good correlation between experimental and numerical results is achieved.     

Improving orbit prediction accuracy through supervised machine learning

Due to the lack of information such as the space environment condition and resident space objects’ (RSOs’) body characteristics, current orbit predictions that are solely grounded on physics-based models may fail to achieve required accuracy for collision avoidance and have led to satellite collisions already. This paper presents a methodology to predict RSOs’ trajectories with higher accuracy than that of the current methods. Inspired by the machine learning (ML) theory through which the models are learned based on large amounts of observed data and the prediction is conducted without explicitly modeling space objects and space environment, the proposed ML approach integrates physics-based orbit prediction algorithms with a learning-based process that focuses on reducing the prediction errors. Using a simulation-based space catalog environment as the test bed, the paper demonstrates three types of generalization capability for the proposed ML approach: (1) the ML model can be used to improve the same RSO’s orbit information that is not available during the learning process but shares the same time interval as the training data; (2) the ML model can be used to improve predictions of the same RSO at future epochs; and (3) the ML model based on a RSO can be applied to other RSOs that share some common features.     

飞机机载软件的工程化管理

在总结重点型号研制经验的基础上,首次提出了飞机机载软件工程化管理概念,探讨了作为飞机型号总体单位对机载软件实施工程化管理的一般程序、飞机型号软件开发过程的控制点,以及软件配置状态的控制要求.     

固体推进剂生产中高氯酸铵粉尘测定方法研究

研究了车间空气中高氯酸铵（AP）粉尘的测定方法。根据AP粉尘的理化特性和劳动卫生要求，确定了AP粉尘的采样点、采样位置以及采样所用的采样器，建立了重量法测定车间空气中AP粉尘浓度和滤膜溶解涂片法测定AP粉尘分散度的方法。     

玻璃纤维芯铅丝(网)/橡胶动态性能影响因素研究

设计并制备了以不同橡胶为基体、具有不同界面结合强度的玻璃纤维芯铅丝(网)增强橡胶复合材料(GF/Pb/R),通过比较它们的动态压缩模量和阻尼损耗因子,研究了复合方式、橡胶基体性能和界面结合强度对于GF/Pb/R动态性能的影响。     

非比例阻尼与密频内共振

非比例阻尼（ＮＰＤ）促成密频内共振（ＩＲＣＦ），密频内共振（ＩＲＣＦ）强化非比例阻尼（ＮＰＤ）的耦合作用。两者的关系集中体现在密集模态的复幅互调制的规律上，其中Ａ为复幅向量，Ｃ为阻尼阵，为失谐矩阵，μ为正值小参数。本文针对四种情况（１）Ｃ奇异；（２）非奇异；（３）非亏损；（４）亏损。讨论复幅向量Ａ（ｔ）的演化和系统能量Ｅ＝ＡＨＡ衰减的特点，得到一些有用的结论，尤其在情况（１）中发现Ｎ个密集模态的复幅的某些线性组合不随时间变化，Ｅ不衰减至零，生动地说明了ＮＰＤ和ＩＲＣＰ的相互影响。     

24小时头低位卧床对人体生理功能的影响

为了探讨航天飞行初期人体生理功能的变化及“空间适应性综合症”的机理,实验观察了12名受试者在头低位6°卧床期间心率、呼吸、体温和脑电的变化。实验中所有指标均同时记录在卧床实验室配套的生理测试处理系统上,并用此系统对各生理指标的变化进行计算机分析。分析结果表明头低位卧床中人体内的一些重要生理功能如心率、呼吸、脑电的昼夜节律仍存在,但出现一定的紊乱,表现在:①心率昼夜变化双峰波消失或模糊,时相推迟。②体温昼夜节律变化不明显;额部皮肤温度无明显的昼夜节律变化,腿部皮肤温度在卧床初期明显增加,之后波动较大。③卧床中脑电α波段功率谱值下降,而δ、θ波功率谱值上升。卧床中R-R 间期频谱分析和脑电功率谱分析的结果表明卧床中心脑的调节和皮层的兴奋性也发生一定变化。     

微小卫星临近操作仅测距初始相对定轨解析方法

针对仅有相对距离测量信息的近圆轨道航天器近程交会问题,首次提出一种基于传感器偏离航天器质心安装杆臂效应的解析初始相对定轨算法,解决了仅测距定轨存在镜像解的模糊性问题。首先给出了仅测距定轨模糊性的数学解释,然后基于Clohessy-Wiltshire动力学模型和传感器偏心安装的杆臂效应推导了仅测距信息情况下的初始相对轨道解析解,并给出系统能够去模糊的传感器安装条件。最后通过无误差仿真验证了所提算法的有效性,通过误差情况下的Monte Carlo仿真分析了算法的定轨性能。仿真结果表明所提算法有效,在满足传感器偏心安装条件下能够实现较为精确的初始相对定轨。     

弹性模型实验技术

介绍了火箭弹性模型实验技术,包括模型对火箭的质量分布、刚度分布的模拟,模型的加工制做,激振机构的研制,支撑元件的研制以及几期实验的结果综合。