基于气动(气动噪声)/结构耦合仿真研究

声振综合力学环境是航空航天飞行器的重要环境之一。航天飞机或运载火箭、飞船在起飞段产生强噪声环境,这种强噪声会激发局部结构振动,损伤飞行硬件,所以飞行器强噪声环境和随机结构振动预示受到了各航空航天大国的重视。综述了国内外综合力学环境研究现状,提出了气动(气动噪声)/结构耦合思想,即基于物理声学、结构动力学以及空气动力学的三场耦合,对飞行器综合力学环境进行预示。分析了气动(气动噪声)/结构耦合综合力学环境仿真的关键技术,提出的仿真基本思路是在已有气动弹性研究的基础上引入噪声载荷,建立三场耦合平台。以舱段为研究对象,进行了气动/结构/声学(CFD/CSD/CAA)耦合建模及仿真,获得舱段时域结构响应,验证了方法的可行性。研究目的是拟开发空间飞行器结构/热/气动/气动噪声多力学耦合分析的仿真环境分析软件。为研究用于高超声速飞行器复杂力学环境预示积累理论基础。     

温度载荷对壁板动力学特性的影响

提出了一种新的结构热应力、热模态求解方法。采用多变量有限元方法进行几何非线性单元列式,将温度的影响转化成热载荷进行静力学非线性有限元分析得到结构内部热应力,然后计算受热应力影响的结构非线性热刚度矩阵。由热刚度矩阵和质量矩阵进行广义特征值分析得到结构的热模态及其模态频率。最后,给出了热屈曲的计算方法。针对典型壁板结构计算了热应力和热模态,计算结果与Nastran相差在10%以内,分析了热应力对壁板结构动力学特性的影响。     

挖掘周期性一般关联规则

在事务数据库中的周期性一般关联规则可以揭示类的不同层次之间的关系和呈现周期性变化。这些信息对于识别在关联中的趋势和预测非常有用。由于数据噪声对发现周期性一般关联规则的巨大影响 ,文中用噪声比来抑制数据噪声对发现周期性一般关联规则的影响。同时根据对周期性与一般高频集之间关系的分析 ,利用周期裁剪技术来节省挖掘时间 ,给出了 (Cyclic general-ized itemsets,CGI)算法。实验证明 ,该算法可高效地发现周期性一般关联规则。     

Immune organs and haemopoietic system under modelling of the mission factors

Literary and experimental data on the character of changes in immune organs and lymphoid tissue of respiratory system and digestive system in laboratory animals during the mission factors model area given. Inhibition of reproductive function in bone marrow, thymus and spleen under irradiation of gamma-rays and accelerated carbon ions, tensity of immune response in the lymphoid structures of larynx, trachea and bronchi under the influence of acetaldehyde vapors and decrease of lymphoid tissue square on histological series in spleen and small intestine with an increase of concentration of microbial bodies in the drinking water were estimated.     

Caenorhabditis elegans survives atmospheric breakup of STS-107, space shuttle Columbia

The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, a popular organism for biological studies, is being developed as a model system for space biology. The chemically defined liquid medium, C. elegans Maintenance Medium (CeMM), allows axenic cultivation and automation of experiments that are critical for spaceflight research. To validate CeMM for use during spaceflight, we grew animals using CeMM and standard laboratory conditions onboard STS-107, space shuttle Columbia. Tragically, the Columbia was destroyed while reentering the Earth's atmosphere. During the massive recovery effort, hardware that contained our experiment was found. Live animals were observed in four of the five recovered canisters, which had survived on both types of media. These data demonstrate that CeMM is capable of supporting C. elegans during spaceflight. They also demonstrate that animals can survive a relatively unprotected reentry into the Earth's atmosphere, which has implications with regard to the packaging of living material during space flight, planetary protection, and the interplanetary transfer of life.     

The NASA Astrobiology Institute: early history and organization

The NASA Astrobiology Institute (NAI) was established as a means to advance the field of astrobiology by providing a multidisciplinary, multi-institution, science-directed program, executed by universities, research institutes, and NASA and other government laboratories. The scientific community and NASA defined the science content at several workshops as summarized in the NASA Astrobiology Roadmap. Teams were chosen nationwide, following the recommendations of external review groups, and the research program began in 1998. There are now 16 national Teams and five international affiliated and associated astrobiology institutions. The NAI has attracted an outstanding group of scientific groups and individuals. The Institute facilitates the involvement of the scientists in its scientific and management vision. Its goal is to support basic research and allow the scientists the freedom to select their projects and alter them as indicated by new research. Additional missions include the education of the public, the involvement of students who will be the astrobiologists of future generations, and the development of a culture of collaboration in NAI, a "virtual institute," spread across many sites nationally and internationally.     

一种快速爬升和快速下降的奇异摄动最优中制导律设计

利用非线性奇异摄动系统2点约束最优问题的结论,在分析导弹质心运动方程两时间尺度特性的基础上,提出了一种计算量较小、较简单的奇异摄动最优中制导律,并对此制导律进行进一步修正,得到一种快速爬升和快速下降的奇异摄动最优中制导律。将此制导规律用于高超音速巡航导弹上,进行了三维弹道仿真,取得了满意结果,证明高超音速巡航导弹应用此改进的奇异摄动最优中制导律是可行的、可靠的。     

机动飞行条件下带挤压油膜阻尼器的Jeffcott转子系统的振动特性

建立了带挤压油膜阻尼器的Jeffcott转子系统的运动微分方程,研究了机动飞行条件下转子系统的振动特性。结果表明,机动飞行对转子系统振动的影响是明显的,机动飞行所产生的附加离心力和附加陀螺力矩将改变挤压油膜阻尼器的受力;SFD能够有效地抑制瞬态振动,起到快速稳定系统的作用。