Global aerodynamic design optimization based on data dimensionality reduction

In aerodynamic optimization, global optimization methods such as genetic algorithms are preferred in many cases because of their advantage on reaching global optimum. However, for complex problems in which large number of design variables are needed, the computational cost becomes prohibitive, and thus original global optimization strategies are required. To address this need, data dimensionality reduction method is combined with global optimization methods, thus forming a new global optimization system, aiming to improve the efficiency of conventional global optimization. The new optimization system involves applying Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) in dimensionality reduction of design space while maintaining the generality of original design space. Besides, an acceleration approach for samples calculation in surrogate modeling is applied to reduce the computational time while providing sufficient accuracy. The optimizations of a transonic airfoil RAE2822 and the transonic wing ONERA M6 are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed new optimization system. In both cases, we manage to reduce the number of design variables from 20 to 10 and from 42 to 20 respectively. The new design optimization system converges faster and it takes 1/3 of the total time of traditional optimization to converge to a better design, thus significantly reducing the overall optimization time and improving the efficiency of conventional global design optimization method.     

模糊关联方法在齿轮箱故障诊断中的应用

模糊关联度故障识别方法是运用灰色系统理论与模糊数学隶属函数相结合，克服了故障诊断的模式向量中参数量纲不同、数量级差异的缺点，综合了灰色系统理论和模糊理论的优点，使故障诊断识别的多参效法更加完善。但此种方法的关键是隶属函数建立的可靠性，关系到故障诊断的准确程度。     

电脉冲除冰系统的加速度试验研究

介绍了电脉冲除冰系统的加速度试验,并以峰值加速度为脉冲效果的评判标准,研究了该系统的脉冲性能参数如储能电容器的初始放电电压、电容器的电容量、脉冲线圈与试验蒙皮之间的间距、脉冲线圈的外径以及绕制线圈导线的厚度对脉冲效果的影响。结果表明,放电电压越大,电容量越大,脉冲线圈一试验蒙皮的间距越小,导线厚度越大均会使得峰值加速度...     

空射制导武器捷联惯导系统传递对准技术研究

研究了基于"速度+方位角"匹配的弹载捷联惯导系统的传递对准问题。首先介绍了方位角测量偏置产生的原因,以及与方位失准角的关系。推导了主、子惯导方位失准角的计算方法,并对方位失准角估计进行了仿真试验。在此基础上分析建立了传递对准卡尔曼滤波方程,并对弹载捷联惯导系统的传递对准进行了仿真。仿真结果表明,该"速度+方位角"匹配的捷联惯导系统精度控制在0.05°内,能够满足空射制导武器初始对准精度的要求。     

基于参数敏感性分析的反设计方法

在基于类别形状函数变换(CST)的反设计方法中,通过考察CST参数化与反设计过程,完成了基于参数敏感性分析的反设计,实现了翼型的快速、准确反设计;研究了Bernstein多项式阶数进化对反设计过程敏感性的影响。研究结果表明,在亚音速状态下,采用反设计方法能使设计压力分布较好逼近目标压力分布;在跨音速状态出现激波时或在计算过程出现迭代发散时,加入阶数进化手段后的敏感性分析方法能改善激波区域的敏感度,使迭代较好收敛。方法能够反映各种光滑翼型压力残差和翼型几何外形改变的关系,在给定状态下用初始翼型快速且比较准确地拟合目标翼型。     

Experimental investigation and correlation development of jet impingement heat transfer with two rows of aligned jet holes on an internal surface of a wing leading edge

Extensive experimental studies on the heat transfer characteristics of two rows of aligned jet holes impinging on a concave surface in a wing leading edge were conducted, where50000 Rej 90000, 1.74 H/d 27.5, 66° a 90°, and 13.2 r/d 42.03. The finding was that the heat transfer performance at the jet-impingement stagnation point with two rows of aligned jet holes was the same as that with a single row of jet holes or the middle row of three-row configurations when the circumferential angle of the two jet holes was larger than 30°. The attenuation coefficient distribution of the jet impingement heat transfer in the chordwise direction was so complicated that two zones were divided for a better analysis. It indicated that: the attenuation coefficient curve in the jet impingement zone exhibited an approximate upside-down bell shape with double peaks and a single valley; the attenuation coefficient curve in the non-jet impingement zone was like a half-bell shape, which was similar to that with three rows of aligned jet holes; the factors,including Rej, H/d and r/d, affected the attenuation coefficient value at the valley significantly.When r/d was increased from 30.75 to 42.03, the attenuation rates of attenuation coefficient increased only by 1.8%. Consequently, experimental data-based correlation equations of the Nusselt number for the heat transfer at the jet-impingement stagnation point and the distributionof the attenuation coefficient in the chordwise direction were acquired, which play an important role in designing the wing leading edge anti-icing system with two rows of aligned jet holes.     

Containment of soft wall casing wrapped with Kevlar fabric

Aramid fabrics have been commonly used in the civil turbofan engine fan blade containment system for its excellent performance. To investigate the behavior and capability of soft wall containment casing, a series of fan blade released tests were conducted on the high-speed spin tester.The soft wall casing was fabricated by wrapping multiple layers of Kevlar49 plain woven fabric around a thin steel ring. Casings with different inner metal ring and outer fabric layers number were compared. The method of using the explicit dynamic software LS-DYNA to establish the finite element analysis model for the quantitative analysis of the containment process was developed and conducted. The simulation results are in good agreement with the test results. It is shown that the containment process of the soft wall casing can be divided into three impact stages. The casing with low-stiffness inner metal ring will get severe overall deformation and lose the structural integrity when it suffers the blade impact. Kevlar fabric layers will appear large bulge on outside surface and absorb the most impact dynamic energy of the high speed released fan blade. By summing up the results of the test and simulation, an empirical critical equation was derived to describe the relationship between the released blade dynamic energy and the Kevlar fabric thickness.     

飞行仿真气动力数据机器学习建模方法

基于机器学习思想,提出了一种大空域、宽速域的气动力建模方法。该方法利用飞行仿真弹道数据辨识的气动力数据,采用人工神经网络技术,实现了对高度、速度、姿态和舵偏角等多维度强非线性特性的全弹道气动力数据的高精度逼近。首先,分析了神经网络层数、隐含层神经元个数等对建模误差的影响,通过对典型弹道气动数据的神经网络建模计算,确定了较合适的神经网络层数和较优的隐层神经元个数。进而,利用飞行仿真的弹道数据辨识出沿弹道的气动力,采用神经网络建立了包含多个弹道融合的气动力模型,输出量分别为三轴气动力系数和力矩系数。最后通过气动模型输出量与原样本数据的对比,以及4条未参与训练弹道气动数据的预测,验证了该气动力建模方法具有较高的精度。建模结果表明:采用神经网络方法建立的飞行器气动力模型,对拟合多源耦合输入全弹道非线性气动力是可行的和有效的,在样本覆盖的高度、速度、姿态和控制舵偏角范围内,气动力拟合能力较强,并具有一定的外推性。该项研究可以为基于飞行试验数据的气动建模提供新的方法,并且能为飞行器气动力数据挖掘、飞行仿真和总体性能分析提供参考。     

分散方法对碳纳米管/环氧树脂性能的影响

使用超声波振荡法和超声波破碎法两种方法制备了不同含量的碳纳米管/环氧树脂,分析了分散前后碳纳米管的形态,对比了分散方法对环氧树脂固化特性、流变性能、热性能、力学性能的影响,并研究了产生这种现象的机理。研究结果表明:超声破碎分散的CNTs形貌发生一定的变化,分散方法对树脂的固化特性、流变性能影响不明显,但是对树脂的玻璃化转变温度、力学性能影响较为明显。     

基于改进遗传算法的终端区排序研究

终端区航班排序是减少航班延误,降低成本的关键技术。基于安全性考虑,将进近无冲突作为约束条件,这是一个组合优化问题,多约束条件互相制约,导致可行解较难获得。采用改进遗传算法,针对航班速度编码的特性引入局部适应度函数,并以此为标准指导交叉变异操作。仿真结果表明,求得的进近队列延误低、无冲突,且遗传更具方向性,收敛快,大大提升求解速度,更符合实际运用中实时性要求,优于传统方法。