涡轮叶栅前缘上游端壁气膜冷却的传热实验研究

对前缘上游有单排和双排孔冷却的涡轮导向叶栅端壁进行了详细的传热实验,在吹风比1,2,3下获得了当地气膜冷却效率和换热系数,结合流场测量结果分析了端壁冷却和换热规律。结果表明端壁气膜冷却在很大程度上受二次流的影响,冷却效果主要由吹风比决定,低吹风比喷射时,压力面附近的一个三角形区域没有冷气的覆盖,中、高吹风比喷射可以大幅度提高平均冷却效率并使冷气很均匀的覆盖在端壁上,双排孔喷射比单排孔喷射平均效率提高1倍左右。结果还表明尽管冷气喷射使端壁换热系数随吹风比的增大而显著增大,气膜冷却还是能有效的降低端壁的热负荷,其中以中吹风比双排孔喷射的效果最为显著。      

表面硬化钢磨削表层质量的研究

 表面硬化钢磨削时容易引起烧伤,本文以单位面积磨削功率北P_c″作为磨削过程特征参量,应用各种测量技术评价磨削表层状态。试验表明,不同的磨削表层质量与P_c″有很好的对应关系。     

含硅镍基铸造高温合金的相成份和热稳定性

利用物理—化学相分析和差热分析法研究了硅对Ni-Cr-Co-W-Al-Ti-Nb-Hf-C系合金结晶时的相成份变化及相变过程的影响,合金中硅含量由0.05％增加至0.4％,引起不等轴共晶γ-γ′析出分量的增加,并从熔融合金中补充析出以HfC为基的Me_C和MeC型碳化物。在高温等温持久及蠕变条件下,硅引起碳化物转变,加剧了γ′-相的凝聚,这样就降低了合金的寿命和瞬时塑性。     

Rapid and Asymmetric Response of the Earth's Bow Shock:Multipoint Observations

We analyze observations of three bow shock crossings which occurred during 2007, using upstream data from STEREO A/B, ACE and WIND, combined with multi-point THEMIS and Cluster data, and TC-1 data located near noon. During the crossing of 7 May 2007, we find that following a rapid reduction in solar wind ram pressure and subsequent pressure pulse seen by ACE and WIND upstream, the bow shock responds asymmetrically from dawn to dusk. Cluster data on the dawn-side suggest the bow shock is significantly flared and responds rapidly to the pulse arrival, while TC-1 at noon, and THEMIS on the dusk-side, are well matched to the model bow shock, but show a delayed response. The crossings observed on 21 May and 2 June show contrasting response matching the model boundary for northward Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF). The IMF and solar wind plasma data suggest that the bow shock crossing at dawn-dusk side and subsolar point were mainly caused by large and smaller scale features of the solar wind ram pressure rise rather than the influence of IMF.     

FeS/S/FeS(2) redox system and its oxidoreductase-like chemistry in the iron-sulfur world

The iron-sulfur world (ISW) theory is an intriguing prediction regarding the origin of life on early Earth. It hypothesizes that life arose as a geochemical process from inorganic starting materials on the surface of sulfide minerals in the vicinity of deep-sea hot springs. During the last two decades, many experimental studies have been carried out on this topic, and some interesting results have been achieved. Among them, however, the processes of carbon/nitrogen fixation and biomolecular assembly on the mineral surface have received an inordinate amount of attention. To the present, an abiotic model for the oxidation-reduction of intermediates participating in metabolic pathways has been ignored. We examined the oxidation-reduction effect of a prebiotic FeS/S/FeS(2) redox system on the interconversion between several pairs of α-hydroxy acids and α-keto acids (i.e., lactate/pyruvate, malate/oxaloacetate, and glycolate/glyoxylate). We found that, in the absence of FeS, elemental sulfur (S) oxidized α-hydroxy acids to form corresponding keto acids only at a temperature higher than its melting point (113°C); in the presence of FeS, such reactions occurred more efficiently through a coupled reaction mechanism, even at a temperature below the phase transition point of S. On the other hand, FeS was shown to have the capacity to reversibly reduce the keto acids. Such an oxidoreductase-like chemistry of the FeS/S/FeS(2) redox system suggests that it can determine the redox homeostasis of metabolic intermediates in the early evolutionary phase of life. The results provide a possible pathway for the development of primordial redox biochemistry in the iron-sulfur world. Key Words: Iron-sulfur world-FeS/S/FeS(2) redox system-Oxidoreductase-like chemistry. Astrobiology 11, 471-476.     

利用GPS遥控链路的天基停飞系统

本文研究了利用Ｌ波段遥控专利方案实现基于ＧＰＳ靶场的真正综合式靶场测量系统必须解决的问题。着重讨论硬件及从单音调制遥控系统变换成采用加密和扩频的数字系统需解决的问题。还将谈到将该系统纳入美国空军靶场标准化和自动化（ＲＡＳ）结构作为一种可能的ＧＰＳ靶场方案所需费用和时间安排的一些想法，并讨论如果采用该方法将带来比现用系统的优越之处。     

捕捉快速波形的时间拦伸法时间拉促预处理：第二部分

时间拉伸预处理法有助于克服慢采样速率模拟－数字转换器（ＡＤＣ０在捕捉信号方面的不足，本文的第一部分已对此技术作了介绍，该技术通过控制输入模拟信号的时间量程（扩大或放慢），大大地提高了ＡＤＣ的有效采样速率和车入带宽，我们将以时间拉伸波分多路采样（ＷＤＳ）为例对这种还可用于数字－模拟转换器（ＤＡＣ）的处理方法做进一步的说明。     

美空军将试飞小型空天飞机

美空军将在今秋对小型空天飞机进行有限的试飞,验证未来空天无人机的自主着陆能力。这种85%比例的无动力飞行器正由波音北美(BNA)公司按一个为期一年、合同费为530万美元的技术发展和验证项目制造,这个项目由设在卡特兰空军基地的新成立的军用航天飞机项目办公室管理。 若干技术发展工作也在并行地进行,它们由美国空军的莱特和菲利普斯实验室管理。例如,小型空天飞机还涉及BNA公司用高温固化的复合材料制造一个中     

干扰秩估计对减秩空时自适应处理算法检测性能的影响

研究了在机载雷达应用中，进行干扰秩估计对几种减秩空时自适应处理方法的检测性能的影响。重点研究了干扰秩与实现最大检测概率处理所需的接收 阶的关系。此外，还研究了其恒虚警率（ＣＦＡＲ）特性。所考虑的参数包括：抑制噪声干扰机数目，杂波的抗相关时间以及飞机倾斜角。本文还提供了模拟数据以及测量数据结果。