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931.
Quasi-static microaccelerations are estimated for a satellite specially designed to perform space experiments in the field of microgravity. Three modes of attitude motion of the spacecraft are considered: passive gravitational orientation, orbital orientation, and semi-passive gravitational orientation. In these modes the lengthwise axis of the satellite is directed along the local vertical, while solar arrays lie in the orbit plane. The second and third modes are maintained using electromechanical executive devices: flywheel engines or gyrodynes. Estimations of residual microaccelerations are performed with the help of mathematical modeling of satellite’s attitude motion under the action of gravitational and aerodynamic moments, as well as the moment produced by the gyro system. It is demonstrated that all modes ensure rather low level of quasi-static microaccelerations on the satellite and provide for a fairly narrow region of variation for the vector of residual microacceleration. The semi-passive gravitational orientation ensures also a limited proper angular momentum of the gyro system. 相似文献
932.
In each polar cap (PC) we mark out “old PC” observed during quiet time before the event under consideration, and “new PC” that emerges during the substorm framing the old one and expanding the PC total area. Old and new PCs are the areas for the magnetosphere old and new tail lobes, respectively. The new lobe variable magnetic flux Ψ1 is usually assumed to be active, i.e. it provides the electromagnetic energy flux (Poynting flux) ɛ′ transport from solar wind (SW) into the magnetosphere. The old lobe magnetic flux Ψ2 is supposed to be passive, i.e. it remains constant during the disturbance and does not participate in the transporting process which would mean the old PC electric field absolute screening from the convection electric field created by the magnetopause reconnection. In fact, screening is observed, but far from absolute. We suggest a model of screening and determine its quantitative characteristics in the selected superstorm. The coefficient of a screening is the β = Ψ2/Ψ02, where Ψ02 = const is open magnetic flux through the old PC measured prior to the substorm, and Ψ2 is variable magnetic flux through the same area measured during the substorm. We consider three various regimes of disturbance. In each, the coefficient β decreased during the loading phase and increased at the unloading phase, but the rates and amplitudes of variations exhibited a strong dependence on the regime. We interpreted decrease in β as a result of involving the old PC magnetic flux Ψ2, which was considered to be constant earlier, in the Poynting flux ɛ′ transport process from solar wind into the magnetosphere. Transport process weakening at the subsequent unloading phase creates increase in β. Estimates showed that coefficient β during each regime and the computed Poynting flux ɛ′ varied manifolds. In general, unlike the existing substorm conception, the new scenario describes an unknown earlier of tail lobe activation process during a substorm growth phase that effectively increases the accumulated tail energy for the expansion and recovery phases. 相似文献
933.
We present the results of a cross-correlation analysis made on the basis of Spearman’s rank correlation method. The quantities
to correlate are daily values of the fluence of energetic electrons at a geosynchronous orbit, intensities of ground and interplanetary
ultra-low-frequency (ULF) oscillations in the Pc5 range, and parameters of the solar wind. The period under analysis is the
23rd cycle of solar activity, 1996–2006. Daily (from 6 h to 18 h of LT) magnetic data at two diametrically opposite observatories
of the Intermagnet network are taken as ground-based measurements. The fluxes of electrons with energies higher than 2 MeV
were measured by the geosynchronous GOES satellites. The data of magnetometers and plasma instruments installed on ACE and WIND spacecraft were used for analysis of the solar wind parameters and of the oscillations of the interplanetary magnetic field
(IMF). Some results elucidating the role played by interplanetary ULF waves in the processes of generation of magneospheric
oscillations and acceleration of energetic electrons are obtained. Among them are (i) high and stable correlation of ground
ULF oscillations with waves in the solar wind; (ii) closer link of mean daily amplitudes of both interplanetary and ground
oscillations with ‘tomorrow’ values of the solar wind velocity than with current values; and (iii) correlation of the intensity
of ULF waves in the solar wind, normalized to the IMF magnitude, with fluxes of relativistic electrons in the magnetosphere. 相似文献
934.
With the growing need for monitoring and awareness of all the objects in space (including debris) now recognized, the types of effort required towards this end are discussed, with the emphasis on European activities. A number of European documents acknowledging the problem are cited and initiatives to promote space situational awareness (SSA) are examined. While there is currently no provision in the EU budget beyond 2013 for protecting ground and space assets from space environmental threats, an encouraging degree of bilateral cooperation between member states suggests that an SSA capability is emerging in Europe. 相似文献
935.
GONG Zhengxuan PANG Song JI Song DONG Xiwang HOU Xiangwu CHEN Ge HUA Xiru WU Lili JIANG Shanyao XIAO Lü 《上海航天》2022,39(1):65-76
The effects of isothermal heat treatment on the semi-solid microstructure evolution of VW63Z (Mg-6Gd-3Y-0.4Zr, wt.%) alloy are studied. It shows that the microstructure of VW63Z alloy could transform from equiaxed crystal to semi-solid spherical crystal after isothermal heat treatment above 620 ºC. With the heating temperature elevating from 620 ºC to 635 ºC and the holding time prolonging from 10 min to 35 min, the liquid fraction increases gradually. The semi-solid microstructure evolution of VW63Z alloy can be divided into three stages, i.e., particle coarsening and spheroidization;particle necking, coalescence, and Ostwald ripening;and dynamic equilibrium. The semi-solid process window of VW63Z alloy ranges from 620 ºC to 635 ºC, where the best process parameters are holding at 635 ºC for 20 min?30 min. The solid fraction, the average particle size, and the shape factor are 41.1%?53.8%, 81.5 μm?83.2 μm, and 0.70?0.75, respectively. The maximum relative deviations of the solid fraction, the particle size, and the shape factor at different heights of the same billet are 44.6%, 17.4%, and 16.6%, respectively, which means that it should pay attention to the uniformity of edge and core of VW63Z alloy during isothermal heat treatment. The driving force of microstructure is supposed to be the reduction of solid-liquid interface free energy. 相似文献
936.
V. L. Varsegov 《Russian Aeronautics (Iz VUZ)》2010,53(2):212-220
An integral method is proposed for calculating a jet propagating from the turbofan engine thrust reverser and interacting
with a stream formed as a result of the after-landing aircraft run. The calculation results for the PS-90 engine are presented.
The calculation data obtained show that the mathematical model developed adequately describes a qualitative pattern of main
parameter variation in the sector jet propagating in a stream. 相似文献
937.
The application of the optimized dispersion relation preserving scheme (DRP-scheme) in combination with the explicit optimized
two-layer Runge-Kutta scheme is presented to solve a system of one-dimensional and quasi-one-dimensional Euler equations using
as an example the solution of four test problems, namely, discontinuity disintegration in a tube (Sod’s problem); transfer
of the lowamplitude Gaussian pulse; acoustic wave propagation through the transonic nozzle; acoustic wave-shock interaction.
Also given are the comparison of the calculation results using different schemes: DRP, CABARET, CE-SE and the standard Lax-Wendroff
schemes as well as the solutions obtained with the use of software packages. 相似文献
938.
Paul A. Bernhardt Carl L. Siefring 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2010
The primary objective of the Scintillation and Tomography Receiver in Space (CITRIS) is to detect ionospheric irregularities from space at low latitude. For this purpose, the satellite receiver uses the UHF and S-Band transmissions of the ground network of Doppler Orbitography and Radiopositioning Integrated by Satellite (DORIS) beacons. CITRIS, developed at the Naval Research Laboratory, differs from the normal DORIS receiver by being able to capture and store the complex amplitude of the 401.25 and 2036.25 MHz transmissions at 200 Hz sample rate. Ground processing of the CITRIS data yields total electron content (TEC) and both phase and amplitude scintillations. With CITRIS flying on the US Space Test Program (STP) satellite STPSat1, 2 years of data were collected and processed to determine the fluctuations in ionospheric TEC and radio scintillations associated with equatorial irregularities. CITRIS flights over DORIS transmitters yield direct measurements of the horizontal plasma density fluctuations associated with equatorial plasma bubbles. Future flights of CITRIS can provide valuable complements to other satellite instruments such as GPS occultation receivers used to estimate vertical electron density profiles in the ionosphere. 相似文献
939.
基于双响应波段工作的红外热像仪测温原理与误差分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了提高红外热像仪测温的准确性,根据红外辐射理论,从红外热像仪的测温原理出发,分析了基于双响应工作波段的热像仪的测温原理,得出了目标物体的发射率、物体温度计算公式以及相应误差的估算公式,分析了各影响因素对热像仪测量准确度的影响,提供了一种目标物体发射率的测定方法,对利用红外热像仪准确测量内燃机等热能机械表面温度具有重要的意义。 相似文献
940.
独立电源多智能体信息融合故障诊断方法 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
对独立电源系统进行故障诊断与预测研究是保证整个复杂运动装置系统安全性工程的重要环节.分析了目前独立电源故障诊断系统中存在的问题,提出采用多传感器信息融合和多智能体技术相结合的方法来提高故障诊断的可靠性和系统的扩展性.利用智能体的自主性、分布性和协作性,构建了独立电源多智能体信息融合故障诊断系统.根据独立电源故障征兆的特点,将D-S(Dempster-Shafer)证据理论引入到多神经网络的诊断结果融合技术中,阐述了多神经网络局部诊断智能体和D-S证据理论融合诊断智能体的具体实现方法.最后,以某型航空电源故障诊断为例,给出了故障实例的诊断仿真,结果表明该方法可有效提高诊断可信度. 相似文献