Investigation of lateral-directional aerodynamic parameters identification method for fly-by-wire passenger airliners

A new identification method is proposed to solve the problem of the influence on the loaded excitation signals brought by high feedback gain augmentation in lateral-directional aerodynamic parameters identification of fly-by-wire（FBW） passenger airliners. Taking for example an FBW passenger airliner model with directional relaxed-static-stability, through analysis of its signal energy distribution and airframe frequency response, a new method is proposed for signal type selection, signal parameters design, and the appropriate frequency relationship between the aileron and rudder excitation signals. A simulation validation is presented of the FBW passenger airliner＇s lateral-directional aerodynamic parameters identification. The validation result demonstrates that the designed signal can excite the lateral-directional motion mode of the FBW passenger airliner adequately and persistently. Meanwhile, the relative errors of aerodynamic parameters are less than 5%.     

大推力氢氧发动机翻转工艺研究

通过对大推力氢氧发动机翻转过程进行分析,介绍了传统翻转方案存在的问题。对比几种不同的工艺改进方案,从中选择出最佳方案,有效地解决了大推力氢氧发动机的翻转技术难题,成功应用于生产中。     

攻击机机群多步骤对地攻击模拟数学模型

以平均动态学理论为基础,研究讨论了攻击机机群在整个战斗飞行过程中作战效能评估的基本原理,建立了战效评估的顶层分析数学模型,导出了效能指标与对地攻击靶场效能指标、国土防空系统突防效能指标及要地防空系统突防效能指标间的关系式,给出了完成作战任务集所需飞机架数、被击毁的总架数,总战斗飞行架次数以及武器总消耗量等的计算式,为评价攻击机机群在整个战斗飞行过程中的作战效能奠定了理论基础。     

固体火箭发动机多层结构壳体的导波频散特性分析

应用全局矩阵法,推导了多层结构壳体的导波频散方程,并分别针对固体火箭发动机四种不同层数的壳体导波频散曲线进行了求解,发现当结构层数和第一层厚度增加时,各模式曲线的间隔缩小．曲线数目增加,并有向零频方向靠拢的趋势。同时研究了粘接质量变化对频散特征的影响,随着胶层质量相对变差,频散曲线总体向左漂移。     

解析壁面函数的可压缩效应修正研究

基于适用于不可压缩流动的解析壁面函数,针对可压缩湍流边界层特征,考虑壁面网格内对流项变化和能量方程中黏性耗散项的影响,提出一种适用于可压缩流动的解析壁面函数。基于二维超声速和高超声速激波湍流边界层干扰流动,完成了粗网格高雷诺数k-ε模型加标准壁面函数、原始解析壁面函数、可压缩修正解析壁面函数和密网格低雷诺数Lauder-Sharma k-ε模型的对比计算。结果表明:四种湍流效应模拟策略都可以准确预测壁面压力和摩擦系数,而本文发展的考虑对流项分布和黏性耗散项影响的解析壁面函数不仅消除了原始解析壁面函数的非物理振荡,而且大幅提升了壁面函数壁面热流的预测精度,与密网格解最大差异不超过40%,预测结果接近于密网格低雷诺数模型结果,而标准壁面函数和原始解析壁面函数预测的壁面热流符号相反,且数值最大差异达500%。对于Ma5斜激波边界层干扰算例,本文构造的壁面函数计算时间仅为低雷诺数模型的5%左右,相较于其它壁面模型,计算时间仅增加了1%。     

Effect of salt stress on growth and physiology in amaranth and lettuce: Implications for bioregenerative life support system

Growing plants can be used to clean waste water in bioregenerative life support system (BLSS). However, NaCl contained in the human urine always restricts plant growth and further reduces the degree of mass cycle closure of the system (i.e. salt stress). This work determined the effect of NaCl stress on physiological characteristics of plants for the life support system. Amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor L. var. Huahong) and leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. Luoma) were cultivated at nutrient solutions with different NaCl contents (0, 1000, 5000 and 10,000 ppm, respectively) for 10 to 18 days after planted in the Controlled Ecological Life Support System Experimental Facility in China. Results showed that the two plants have different responses to the salt stress. The amaranth showed higher salt-tolerance with NaCl stress. If NaCl content in the solution is below 5000 ppm, the salt stress effect is insignificant on above-ground biomass output, leaf photosynthesis rate, Fv/Fm, photosynthesis pigment contents, activities of antioxidant enzymes, and inducing lipid peroxidation. On the other hand, the lettuce is sensitive to NaCl which significantly decreases those indices of growth and physiology. Notably, the lettuce remains high productivity of edible biomass in low NaCl stress, although its salt-tolerant limitation is lower than amaranth. Therefore, we recommended that amaranth could be cultivated under a higher NaCl stress condition (<5000 ppm) for NaCl recycle while lettuce should be under a lower NaCl stress (<1000 ppm) for water cleaning in future BLSS.     

空间探索用梯度密度气凝胶的合成与应用进展

气凝胶是空间探索领域的关键功能材料.系统介绍了单一密度气凝胶和梯度密度气凝胶材料的分类、合成方法、复合工艺、特殊性能及其在空间探索领域的应用.其中,梯度密度气凝胶材料的合成是国际上的技术难点,笔者结合自身研究将其复合方式分为早期方法、分层粘贴法、逐层凝胶法和梯度溶胶共凝胶法,揭示了梯度气凝胶应遵循由单位深度的低差异到高...     

极大似然法在飞机极曲线辨识中的应用

介绍了利用极大似然法辨识飞机极曲线的基本原理。通过仿真研究及对实测飞行试验数据的处理，表明该方法能够辨识出光滑的非线性飞机极曲线，算法具有良好的收敛性及结果的唯一性，并且可方便地推广应用于工程中其它类型的非线性曲线辨识问题。     

水平轴风轮空气动力性能的分析计算

本文用半刚性尾流模型近似表示给出水平轴风轮空气动力性能的分析计算方法。在高尖速比范围内，本方法给出的结果比动量理论给出的更加接加接近实验数据。     

Development of a ground-based space micro-algae photo-bioreactor

The purpose of the research is to develop a photo-bioreactor which may produce algae protein and oxygen for future astronauts in comparatively long-term exploration, and remove carbon dioxide in a controlled ecological life support system. Based on technical parameters and performance requirements, the project planning, design drafting, and manufacture were conducted. Finally, a demonstration test for producing algae was done. Its productivity for micro-algae and performance of the photo-bioreactor were evaluated. The facility has nine subsystems, including the reactor, the illuminating unit, the carbon dioxide (CO₂) production unit and oxygen (O₂) generation unit, etc. The demonstration results showed that the facility worked well, and the parameters, such as energy consumption, volume, and productivity for algae, met with the design requirement. The density of algae in the photo-bioreactor increased from 0.174 g (dry weight) L⁻¹ to 4.064 g (dry weight) L⁻¹ after 7 days growth. The principle of providing CO₂ in the photo-bioreactor for algae and removing O₂ from the culture medium was suitable for the demand of space conditions. The facility has reasonable technical indices, and smooth and dependable performances.