全文获取类型
收费全文 | 9861篇 |
免费 | 38篇 |
国内免费 | 21篇 |
专业分类
航空 | 4693篇 |
航天技术 | 3243篇 |
综合类 | 200篇 |
航天 | 1784篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 92篇 |
2019年 | 57篇 |
2018年 | 190篇 |
2017年 | 119篇 |
2016年 | 130篇 |
2015年 | 57篇 |
2014年 | 204篇 |
2013年 | 261篇 |
2012年 | 267篇 |
2011年 | 400篇 |
2010年 | 275篇 |
2009年 | 433篇 |
2008年 | 458篇 |
2007年 | 274篇 |
2006年 | 198篇 |
2005年 | 233篇 |
2004年 | 244篇 |
2003年 | 293篇 |
2002年 | 293篇 |
2001年 | 376篇 |
2000年 | 187篇 |
1999年 | 232篇 |
1998年 | 284篇 |
1997年 | 174篇 |
1996年 | 253篇 |
1995年 | 303篇 |
1994年 | 284篇 |
1993年 | 171篇 |
1992年 | 223篇 |
1991年 | 92篇 |
1990年 | 101篇 |
1989年 | 225篇 |
1988年 | 101篇 |
1987年 | 101篇 |
1986年 | 100篇 |
1985年 | 276篇 |
1984年 | 222篇 |
1983年 | 183篇 |
1982年 | 195篇 |
1981年 | 306篇 |
1980年 | 95篇 |
1979年 | 83篇 |
1978年 | 95篇 |
1977年 | 68篇 |
1976年 | 61篇 |
1975年 | 84篇 |
1974年 | 73篇 |
1972年 | 80篇 |
1971年 | 69篇 |
1970年 | 60篇 |
排序方式: 共有9920条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
221.
Today's aircraft use ultra-reliable real-time controls for demanding functions such as Fly-By-Wire (FBW) flight control. Future aircraft, spacecraft and other vehicles will require greater use of these types of controls for functions that currently are allowed to fail, fail to degraded operation, or require human intervention in response to failure. Fully automated and autonomous functions will require ultra-reliable control. But ultra-reliable systems are very expensive to design and require large amounts of on-board equipment. This paper will discuss how the use of low-cost sensors with digital outputs, digitally commanded fault-tolerant actuation devices and interconnecting networks of low-cost data buses offer the promise of more affordable ultra-reliable systems. Specific technologies and concepts to be discussed include low-cost automotive and industrial data buses, “smart” actuation devices with integral fault masking capabilities, management of redundant sensors, and the fault detection and diagnosis of the data network. The advantages of integrating the control and distribution of electrical power with the control system will be illustrated. The design, installation, and upgrade flexibility benefits provided by an all-digital and shared network approach will be presented. The economic benefits of systems that can operate following failure and without immediate repair will be reviewed. The inherent ability of these redundant systems to provide effective built-in test and self-diagnostics capabilities will be described. The challenges associated with developing ultra-reliable software for these systems and the difficulties associated with exhaustive verification testing will be presented as will additional development hurdles that must be overcome 相似文献
222.
This article is devoted to the experimental works carried out in the R2Ch blow-down wind tunnel in the framework of the atmospheric re-entry PRE-X demonstrator program and to the fundamental studies performed on a hollow cylinder-flare relative to crucial problem of the transitional shock-wave/boundary-layer interaction.Shock-wave/boundary-layer interactions in hypersonic flows may have major consequences on thermal loads, especially if the shock is strong enough to induce separation. The heat-flux density levels in the interaction region strongly depend on the nature, laminar or turbulent of the boundary-layer. Special attention should be paid to transitional interactions, which are likely to exist at altitude where the Mach number is high and the density low.The wide Reynolds number range achievable in the R2Ch facility and reliable heat-flux measurements by infrared thermography have allowed to investigate the viscous interaction on the deflected flaps of the demonstrator model and to point out the laminar-to-turbulent boundary-layer natural and forced transition, in the light of the in-depth analysis of results obtained from the hollow cylinder-flare study. 相似文献
223.
Ergun R.E. Carlson C.W. Mozer F.S. Delory G.T. Temerin M. McFadden J.P. Pankow D. Abiad R. Harvey P. Wilkes R. Primbsch H. Elphic R. Strangeway R. Pfaff R. Cattell C.A. 《Space Science Reviews》2001,98(1-2):67-91
We describe the electric field sensors and electric and magnetic field signal processing on the FAST (Fast Auroral SnapshoT) satellite. The FAST satellite was designed to make high time resolution observations of particles and electromagnetic fields in the auroral zone to study small-scale plasma interactions in the auroral acceleration region. The DC and AC electric fields are measured with three-axis dipole antennas with 56 m, 8 m, and 5 m baselines. A three-axis flux-gate magnetometer measures the DC magnetic field and a three-axis search coil measures the AC magnetic field. A central signal processing system receives all signals from the electric and magnetic field sensors. Spectral coverage is from DC to 4 MHz. There are several types of processed data. Survey data are continuous over the auroral zone and have full-orbit coverage for fluxgate magnetometer data. Burst data include a few minutes of a selected region of the auroral zone at the highest time resolution. A subset of the burst data, high speed burst memory data, are waveform data at 2×106 sample s–1. Electric field and magnetic field data are primarily waveforms and power spectral density as a function of frequency and time. There are also various types of focused data processing, including cross-spectral analysis, fine-frequency plasma wave tracking, high-frequency polarity measurement, and wave-particle correlations. 相似文献
224.
A model of low velocity detonations in charges of cast and pressed high explosives confined in metal tubes with thin walls is suggested. An analytical solution is obtained and velocities and pressures of stationary LVD waves are calculated as functions of the parameters of the wall confinement. The fraction of the total chemical energy transferred to maintain the shock wave and the average rate of reaction in the wave are estimated and the dynamics of transient predetonation processes are analysed. An explanation of the causes of the secondary shock wave formation in the transition from deflagration to normal detonations is suggested and the delay of this secondary wave is calculated and compared with experimental data. 相似文献
225.
C.T. Russell T.L. Zhang R.J. Strangeway H.Y. Wei M. Delva W. Magnes 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2008,41(1):113-117
The magnetometer on Venus Express was designed to be able to obtain 128 Hz samples of the magnetic field from two sensors in a gradiometer configuration. This mode is used around periapsis to determine whether the signals reported at low altitudes near 100 Hz, had the properties of electromagnetic waves generated by electric discharges in the Venus atmosphere. The lack of a magnetic cleanliness program and the shortness of the magnetometer boom make this a challenging measurement. Fortunately the signals are sufficiently strong that they can be easily resolved with rather straightforward analysis techniques. 相似文献
226.
Initial ISEE magnetometer results: magnetopause observations 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
The magnetic field profiles across the magnetopause obtained by the ISEE-1 and -2 spacecraft separated by only a few hundred kilometers are examined for four passes. During one of these passes the magnetosheath field was northward, during one it was slightly southward, and in two it was strongly southward. The velocity of the magnetopause is found to be highly irregular ranging from 4 to over 40 km s-1 and varying in less time than it takes for a spacecraft to cross the boundary. Thicknesses ranged from 500 to over 1000 km.Clear evidence for reconnection is found in the data when the magnetosheath field is southward. However, this evidence is not in the form of classic rotational discontinuity signatures. Rather, it is in the form of flux transfer events, in which reconnection starts and stops in a matter of minutes or less, resulting in the ripping off of flux tubes from the magnetosphere. Evidence for flux transfer events can be found both in the magnetosheath and the outer magnetosphere due to their alteration of the boundary normal. In particular, their presence at the time of magnetopause crossings invalidates the usual 2-dimensional analysis of magnetopause structure. Not only are these flux transfer events probably the dominant means of reconnection on the magnetopause, but they may also serve as an important source of magnetopause oscillations, and hence of pulsations in the outer magnetosphere. On two days the flux transfer rate was estimated to be of the order of 2 × 1012 Maxwells per second by the flux transfer events detected at ISEE. Events not detectable at ISEE and continued reconnection after passage of an FTE past ISEE could have resulted in an even greater reconnection rate at these times. 相似文献
227.
R. A. Valitov 《Russian Aeronautics (Iz VUZ)》2012,55(1):95-100
A problem is posed and solved on determining the optimal parameters of a moving wall installed on the airfoil surface to prevent the boundary layer separation. As the wall parameters, its initial and final position and motion velocity are taken. To solve the problem, the optimization methods with penalty functions are used. The conclusions were drawn on selecting the efficient parameters of the moving wall in terms of the minimum of energy expenditure and friction drag. 相似文献
228.
The limiting performance of the generalized sign test detector as the number M of target returns becomes infinite has been derived by Hansen and Olsen [1]. Simple expressions are derived herein for the limiting performance for finite M as K, the number of noise samples in the reference set, becomes infinite. Curves are presented which indicate how this limiting performance is approached as K is increased for both constant target returns and fluctuating target returns. 相似文献
229.
230.
Jerome Bouffard Francesco Nencioli Romain Escudier Andrea Michelangelo Doglioli Anne A. Petrenko Ananda Pascual Pierre-Marie Poulain Dalila Elhmaidi 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2014
Optimal interpolation methods for improving the reconstruction of coastal dynamics from along-track satellite altimetry measurements have been recently developed over the North Western Mediterranean Sea. Maps of satellite-derived geostrophic current anomalies are generated using these methods, and added to different mean circulation fields in order to obtained absolute geostrophic currents. The resulting fields are then compared to standard AVISO products, and their accuracies are assessed with Lagrangian diagnostics. The trajectories of virtual particle clusters are simulated with a Lagrangian code either with new current fields or with the AVISO ones. The simulated trajectories are then compared to 16 in situ drifter trajectories to evaluate the performance of the different velocity fields. The comparisons show that the new current fields lead to better results than the AVISO one, especially over the shallow continental shelf of the Gulf of Lion. However, despite the use of innovative strategies, some altimetry limitations still persist in the coastal domain, where small scale processes remain sub-sampled by conventional altimetry coverage but will benefit from technological development in the near future. Some of the limitations of the Lagrangian diagnostics presently used are also analyzed, but dedicated studies will be required for future further investigations. 相似文献