Empirical model of the high-latitude boundary of the Earth’s outer radiation belt at altitudes of up to 1000 km

An empirical model of the high-latitude boundary of the outer Earth’s radiation belt (ERB) has been presented, which is based on the measurement data of electron fluxes on the polar low-orbit CORONAS-Photon, Meteor-M1, and Meteor-M2 satellites. The boundary was determined by a sharp decrease to the background level of the flux of trapped electrons with energies of 100 or 200 keV in the polar part of the profile of the outer radiation belt. A numerical algorithm has been implemented to determine the time moment, when the fastest flux changes are recorded. The primary search was carried out, first, on 30 s averaged data, then repeated on data with a higher resolution. A functional dependence was obtained in order to approximate the obtained set of intersections of the boundary by elliptical curve. The empirical model constructed using the CORONAS-Photon measurement data in the epoch of anomalously low geomagnetic activity reflects the longitude structure of the high-latitude boundary of the outer radiation belt associated with the internal Earth’s magnetic field (MF), as well as its dependence on the universal time. Based on the data of intersections of the high-latitude boundary of the outer ERB (OERB) in the epoch of 2014–2016, the latitudinal shift of the boundary to the equator dependent on geomagnetic activity has been determined, as well as the nightside shift of the boundary due to the diurnal rotation of the Earth.     

空间绳系组合体拖曳动力学分析及振动控制

空间绳系捕获系统捕获目标物后的组合体在拖曳离轨过程中常产生振动,为此,建立了切向连续推力作用下的空间拖曳绳系组合体面内动力学模型,并对模型进行了横向摆动与纵向振动耦合分析。针对组合体的纵向振动问题提出了一种以张力控制为内环、速度控制为外环的双闭环振动控制策略。进行了振动控制仿真分析,并根据动力学的相似性,建立地面模拟实验系统,仿真与实验结果表明该控制策略可迅速抑制组合体纵向振动、减小系绳冲击并可避免出现系绳松弛现象。     

航天器管路数字化制造技术与实践

文章介绍了航天器管路实现全过程数字化制造的解决方案,对管路坐标转换及数据提取、数控弯管及回弹补偿的仿真、装配仿真和管路快速检测等关键技术进行了分析,并提出了具体的解决方案。结合航天器管路研制需求,将管路数字化制造技术应用于实践,实现了管路生产不再依赖安装现场取样,航天器管路生产与总装分离,管路以产品化形式交付。     

火箭发动机超声速过膨胀射流气动噪声特性研究

采用大涡模拟LES方法计算了火箭发动机超声速过膨胀射流形态及近场声压分布,研究了入口温度与环境温度的比值(温度比)对声场的影响;将声源分解,基于Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings (FW-H)方程获取了不同位置噪声源的远场噪声,并根据声压级频谱和湍流形态分析了超声速射流噪声的产生机理。研究表明,超声速过膨胀射流气动噪声由湍流混合噪声和宽频激波噪声组成,近场噪声源以马赫波形式向大方位角辐射中高频噪声,下游大尺度湍流向低方位角范围辐射低频噪声,声压级峰值频率随观测角度增大而升高;随温度比升高,马赫波辐射角度增大,噪声指向性发生改变。该研究可为运载火箭发动机地面试车或火箭发射段声学环境设计提供参考。     

基于FEKO软件的电大尺寸面天线仿真

运用FEKO软件的高低频混合法和多层快速多极子算法对典型电大尺寸面天线——卡塞格伦天线远场方向图进行仿真计算,并对这两种计算方法的计算精度和计算效率进行了比较。结果显示,二者得到的远场方向图基本一致,都具有较高的准确性。因为多层快速多极子算法在计算时考虑了双曲副反射面的遮挡效应,所以与高低频混合法相比,其得到的远场方向图增益略低、旁瓣略高,仿真精度更接近工程实际,但代价是内存开销和计算时间的大幅增加,特别是在网格数较大的情况下。     

Study of radiation conditions onboard the International space station by means of the Liulin-5 dosimeter

For estimating radiation risk in space flights it is necessary to determine radiation dose obtained by critical organs of a human body. For this purpose the experiments with human body models are carried out onboard spacecraft. These models represent phantoms equipped with passive and active radiation detectors which measure dose distributions at places of location of critical organs. The dosimetric Liulin-5 telescope is manufactured with using three silicon detectors for studying radiation conditions in the spherical tissue-equivalent phantom on the Russian segment of the International space station (ISS). The purpose of the experiment with Liulin-5 instrument is to study dynamics of the dose rate and particle flux in the phantom, as well as variations of radiation conditions on the ISS over long time intervals depending on a phase of the solar activity cycle, orbital parameters, and presence of solar energetic particles. The Liulin-5 dosimeter measures simultaneously the dose rate and fluxes of charged particles at three depths in the radial channel of the phantom, as well as the linear energy transfer. The paper presents the results of measurements of dose rate and particle fluxes caused by various radiation field components on the ISS during the period from June 2007 till December 2009.     

基于统计学的旋转火箭发动机喷管热结构分析

以某型号固体火箭发动机喷管为研究对象,基于统计学聚类分析方法,研究了该型号喷管内流场、温度场及应力场对旋转的响应。采用流动-传热-热结构的顺序耦合方法,得到了各转速条件下的稳态流场及瞬态温度场、应力场情况。将流场、温度场、应力场原始数据标准化并构造关系矩阵,再通过聚类分析,将结果分别划分为类间差异明显的5类。由于喷管结构与旋转的耦合作用,流场与温度场及应力场聚类分析结果均存在差异。温度场与应力场聚类分析结果一致,说明旋转产生的离心力对喷管应力情况影响不大,热应力仍是该型喷管应力的主要来源。分别研究各类别中任意工况的应力情况,可得到不同战术指标下喷管热应力特征,提高了该型号喷管设计水平。该分析方法得到了统一的变化规律,可有效降低实验成本。另外,对于具有旋转特征的发动机喷管工作过程中的故障诊断、失效行为等的预示有指导意义。     

Artificial equilibrium points for a solar balloon in the α Centauri system

This paper discusses the generation, stability, and control of artificial equilibrium points for a solar balloon spacecraft in the α Centauri A and B binary star system. The continuous propulsive acceleration provided by a solar balloon is shown to be able to modify the position of the (classical) Lagrangian equilibrium points of the three-body system on a locus whose geometrical form is known analytically. A linear stability analysis reveals that the new generated equilibrium points are usually unstable, but part of them can be stabilized with a simple feedback control logic.     

国外光学遥感成像系统仿真软件发展综述与思考

光学遥感系统仿真是一个复杂的系统工程,涉及多个交叉学科领域。遥感成像仿真需要严格按照成像的物理过程进行模拟,对各关键环节建立精确的模型,设计标准化的技术流程,最终完成基于地学、光学、大气科学、电子学、传感器设计等多学科和多技术领域交叉融合的系统集成。文章通过广泛调研国外光学遥感仿真软件的应用和发展现状,比较3种典型仿真软件的设计框架和技术路线,分析其发展趋势,为自主研发的光学遥感仿真模拟软件提供借鉴。