发动机故障诊断主状态量模型的数学模型

发动机故障诊断的一种主要方法是根据故障方程和发动机性能参数的测量值确定故障的类别和故障程度,故障方程组通常是亚定的。主状态量模型是求解亚定的故障方程的有效方法。主状态量模型的主要内容是根据最少故障原理,利用最优化方法求解然后根据合理性准则选择合理最优解。本文详细地讨论了主状态量模型可能采用的数学模型,并且指出:(1)主状态量模型可以采用不同的数学模型求解;(2)并非所有的数学模型都能给出合理的结果。本文的研究结果表明,约束或无约束超定最小二乘法和单个优选的散度法是发动机故障诊断主状态量模型的理想算法,而本文中所讨论的其他算法都或多或少存在一定的问题。     

发动机故障诊断主状态量模型合理解的选择

主状态量模型是基于发动机故障方程的发动机故障诊断的一种十分有效的方法,它在发动机故障诊断上的成功应用已为大量实例所证实。发动机故障诊断主状态量模型的一个技术关键就是合理解的选择问题。本文给出了选择合理解的基本原则。这些原则可以有效地提高合理解选择的确定性和故障诊断的故障分辨率。对于JT9D发动机的大量故障实例利用主状态量模型(加权最小二乘法)进行了检验。故障诊断的成功率达90%以上,并且得到了许多有用的信息,文中给出了24个实例的故障诊断结果以及故障趋势分析的典型例子。     

Galileo Probe Nephelometer experiment

The objective of the Nephelometer Experient aboard the Probe of the Galileo mission is to explore the vertical structure and microphysical properties of the clouds and hazes in the atmosphere of Jupiter along the descent trajectory of the Probe (nominally from 0.1 to > 10 bars). The measurements, to be obtained at least every kilometer of the Probe descent, will provide the bases for inferences of mean particle sizes, particle number densities (and hence, opacities, mass densities, and columnar mass loading) and, for non-highly absorbing particles, for distinguishing between solid and liquid particles. These quantities, especially the location of the cloud bases, together with other quantities derived from this and other experiments aboard the Probe, will not only yield strong evidence for the composition of the particles, but, using thermochemical models, for species abundances as well. The measurements in the upper troposphere will provide ground truth data for correlation with remote sensing instruments aboard the Galileo Orbiter vehicle. The instrument is carefully designed and calibrated to measure the light scattering properties of the particulate clouds and hazes at scattering angles of 5.8°, 16°, 40°, 70°, and 178°. The measurement sensitivity and accuracy is such that useful estimates of mean particle radii in the range from about 0.2 to 20 can be inferred. The instrument will detect the presence of typical cloud particles with radii of about 1.0 , or larger, at concentrations of less than 1 cm³.Deceased.     

CFAR data fusion center with inhomogeneous receivers

Detection systems with distributed sensors and data fusion are increasingly used by surveillance systems. A system formed by N inhomogeneous constant false alarm rate (CFAR) detectors (cell-averaging (CA) and ordered statistic (OS) CFAR detectors) is studied. A recursive formulation of an algorithm that permits a fixed level of false alarms in the data fusion center is presented, to set the optimum individual threshold levels in the CFAR receivers and the optimum `K out of N' decision rule in order to maximize the total probability of detection. The algorithm also considers receivers of different quality or with different communication channel qualities connecting them with the fusion center. This procedure has been applied to several hypothetical networks with distributed CA-CFAR and OS-CFAR receivers and for Rayleigh targets and interference, and it was seen that in general the fusion decision OR rule is not always the best     

Improved strapdown coning algorithms

Three improved algorithms for strapdown attitude computation utilizing accumulated gyro increments from the previous and current update are developed and evaluated analytically under classical coning motion. The error criterion of Miller is derived directly from the rotation vector concept. The accuracy of updating rotation vector estimation can be improved at least two orders of magnitude as compared with those of conventional algorithms. The proposed algorithm is equivalent to increasing the number of gyro samples used in the conventional method and it requires less computer loading     

Modification of the SAR step transform algorithm

When the basic step transform algorithm is used to compress synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) signals in azimuth, the linear FM rate and sampling rate must satisfy certain tight constraints. In practice, these constraints cannot be satisfied and errors are introduced into the compressed SAR image. A modification is described of the basic step transform which incorporates interpolation and resampling into the algorithm. These changes allow the removal of the constraints and make the step transform more useful for the compression of real data. An autofocusing capability is also included, without introducing much additional complexity     

能量法及其试飞方法研究

在简要地回顾能量法并与经典的性能分析法作比较后，本文着重叙述能量法的试飞方法研究，实践证明，能量法的试飞方法是一种简单，有效的方法，能解决高速飞机能量有利的一些问题。     

一种定向凝固高温合金低周疲劳性能的研究

研究了同成分合金在定向凝固（ＤＳ）和普通铸造（ＣＣ）状态下７６０℃的低周疲劳性能。结果表明，ＤＳ合金的疲劳寿命比ＣＣ合金在应力控制条件下高２倍左右，而在应变控制条件下可提高寿命２０倍左右。ＣＣ合金的疲劳裂纹往往萌生在与表面相连的晶界或某些缺陷（如孔洞）上，由外向内沿晶界扩展。而ＤＳ合金裂纹则起源于纵向晶界的横段或预开裂的碳化物，并沿枝晶间穿枝干扩展。     

ASEL：一种基于Ada的可扩充软件工程语言

介绍了一种可支持软件开发各阶段的基于Ａｄａ的可扩充软件工程语言ＡＳＥＬ。首先讨论了ＡＳＥＬ的设计思想与目标,并在此基础上介绍分析了ＡＳＥＬ的各种基本结构,然后深入讨论了它对软件开发过程中的各种支持特征。