自主机动条件下的实时定轨方法

中继卫星在跟踪自主机动用户目标时,由于机动轨道未知,需要利用中继卫星下传的星载GNSS(Global Navigations Satellite System,全球导航卫星系统)数据进行实时轨道确定与预报,为中继卫星跟踪提供实时的引导信息,以方便中继卫星快速捕获目标和连续稳定跟踪。针对该类用户目标的任务需求,讨论了基于星载GNSS数据自主机动条件下的实时定轨方法,建立了连续推力机动力学模型。以某一型号卫星的实测数据进行分析验证,并对轨道机动进行辨识,计算的机动加速度和机动时间与试验单位提供的结果一致。针对卫星不同机动情况,5min的观测数据定轨预报10min的弧段,最大位置误差小于8km,可以为中继卫星快速捕获提供高精度的引导信息。     

Influence of graviceptives cues at different level of visual information processing: the effect of prolonged weightlessness

We evaluated the influence of prolonged weightlessness on the performance of visual tasks in the course of the Russian-French missions ANTARES, Post-ANTARES and ALTAIR aboard the MIR station. Eight cosmonauts were subjects in two experiments executed pre-flight, in-flight and post-flight sessions.

In the first experiment, cosmonauts performed a task of symmetry detection in 2-D polygons. The results indicate that this detection is locked in a head retinal reference frame rather than in an environmentally defined one as meridional orientations of symmetry axis (vertical and horizontal) elicited faster response times than oblique ones. However, in weightlessness the saliency of a retinally vertical axis of symmetry is no longer significantly different from an horizontal axis. In the second experiment, cosmonauts performed a mental rotation task in which they judged whether two 3-D objects presented in different orientations were identical. Performance on this task is basically identical in weightlessness and normal gravity.     

Preliminary calibration results of VEGA 1 and 2 SIGMA-3 gas chromatograph

SIGMA - 3 gas chromatograph on board VEGA 1 and 2 landing probes has been operated successfully in the 60 - 50 km altitude range, providing several in - situ chemical analysis of the gas and the aerosols of Venus cloud layers. Post flight calibration required to derive atmospheric abundancies from gas chromatograms were carried out using the SIGMA - 3 spare model. A Venus atmospheric aerosol simulation chamber was used in which sulfuric acid droplets were generated. Preliminary results of these calibration experiments indicate that the concentration of sulfuric acid in the upper part of the clouds ( 60 to 55 km) is about 1 mg/m³ and suggest that an additional constituant must be present in noticeable amount in the aerosols. From these experiments the mixing ratio upper limits of SO₂ is 100 ppmV and of H₂S and COS is few 10 ppmV.     

非壅塞火箭冲压发动机补燃室两相流数值模拟

采用颗粒轨道模型进行了非壅塞火箭冲压发动机补燃室两相流的数值模拟,其中铝颗粒的燃烧模型采用的是Davis扩散控制燃速的燃烧模型,建立了发动机补然室简单反应流模型,并在该模型下对某实验发动机进行了模拟,得出颗粒在补燃室内的分布,结果表明:与颗粒确定轨道模型相比,颗粒随机轨道模型更加适合模拟冲压发动机中的两相流动,并且颗粒的初始直径对颗粒燃烧效率有很大的影响。     

Polish radar technology

Polish radar research and development since 1953 is reviewed, covering the development and production of surveillance radars, height finders, tracking radars, air traffic control (ATC) radars and systems, and marine and Doppler radars. Some current work, including an L-band ATC radar for enroute control, a weather channel for primary surveillance radar, signal detection in non-Gaussian clutter, adaptive MTI filters and postdetection filtering, and a basic approach to radar polarimetry, is examined.<>     

一种对转涡轮性能基本分析

借鉴Stewart关于对转涡轮的效率分析方法,从速度三角形基本分析入手,以速功比为主要变量,通过与一级高压一级无导叶低压涡轮对转涡轮的比较,考察一级高压两级低压第一级无导叶对转涡轮性能特点。研究表明:各转速比下,后者对转涡轮高效率对应的总速功比范围都比前者对转涡轮窄,但其高效区发生在更小的总速功比区域;随转速比绝对值增加,两种涡轮高效率区都增加,且其位置均偏向更大的总速功比区域;相比于前者对转涡轮,后者对转涡轮具有较低出功比,且偏向于低速功比区域;随转速比绝对值增加,两种对转涡轮出功比范围均拓展。     

飞机俯仰角位移控制系统积分式控制规律的改进及仿真

为使飞机以足够高的准确度保持在预定飞行轨迹上,飞机俯仰角位移(9)的控制性能及稳态精度至关重要.为改进飞机俯仰角位移控制系统的控制性能,运用根轨迹法对飞机俯仰角位移控制系统的积分式控制规律进行了分析和设计,为提高(9)的稳态精度,基于SISO Design Tool设计工具,对俯仰角位移控制系统的零极点进行校正配置,实...     

基于Broyden算法的航空发动机气路故障诊断

针对基于Kalman的故障诊断算法响应速度慢、多故障诊断及非设计点诊断精度低的问题,提出一种基于改进Broyden算法求解方程组的航空发动机气路故障诊断方法。针对涡轴发动机,以模型输出跟踪发动机输出为准则确定3个方程,结合发动机模型中的2个平衡方程,构建气路故障诊断方程组,通过改进Broyden算法求解方程组以获得部件性能退化因子及模型猜值。数字仿真结果表明,所提出的基于Broyden算法求解方程组的航空发动机气路故障诊断方法,在包线内的单故障和多故障诊断稳态误差均小于0.35%,且诊断过程算法单步运行最大耗时小于2ms,具有良好的实时性,远优于Kalman滤波方法,验证了算法的先进性。     

低发热量煤气燃烧实验研究

本文介绍了燃气涡轮发动机燃烧室燃用 2 50 0 k J/ NM3以上的低发热量煤气的试验结果。对燃烧室不同结构和不同煤气热值下的燃烧性能进行了探索。试验表明,该航机改型燃烧室具有燃烧稳定、燃烧效率高、点火可靠、出口温度分布均匀及 CO排放量低等特点。      

变截面旋转裂纹梁横向振动特性的研究

对损伤结构进行动力特性分析是进行无损检测的重要基础,而对于旋转梁结构的裂纹损伤动力特性研究,却鲜有文献涉及。以变截面旋转裂纹梁为研究对象,对其横向振动特性进行研究,提出一种求解变截面旋转裂纹梁横向振动特性的新方法。首先利用扭转弹簧模拟裂纹效应,建立含裂纹梁局部柔度模型,然后采用Frobenius方法求解振动方程,得到方程的级数解析解,并研究裂纹位置和深度对振动频率的影响,分析不同损伤程度、不同转速工况下梁的前两阶固有频率变化情况。结果表明:本文方法是有效的,转速和损伤程度的变化并非独立影响梁的固有频率,两者间具有耦合作用机理,对于变截面梁同样成立。