适用于含多个隐式极限状态方程的飞机结构系统安全分析新方法

工程复杂随机结构的概率安全分析中，最重要的两个步骤是建立所有失效模式的极限状态方程和计算所建立极限状态方程的失效概率。一般来说大型复杂工程结构的极限状态方程都是隐式的，且当材料参数、结构参数和外载荷等均为随机变量时，极限状态方程均为非线性的，为此文中提出了建立真实复杂结构多模式隐式极限方程的等效方法。该方法对于单个极限状态方程采用在均值点展开成线性项和高次项修正的方式，在概率等效的基础上，建立起原非线性隐式极限状态方程的概率等效线性显式极限状态方程。当结构系统所有极限状态方程都建立了其等效显式线性极限状态方程后，即可利用可得的可靠性分析方法来计算结构系统的等效失效概率。所提方法被用于真实飞机结构翼身连接接头的强度刚度多模式可靠性分析，与迭代响应面法计算结果的对比表明，所提方法具有较高的精度。并且所提方法可以与任何标准有限元程序相结合，而标准有限元程序是当今处理结构力学分析与设计的强有力的工具，文中方法提供了力学分析与概率安全分析相结合的合理连接，其应用前景将是十分广泛的。     

How we will go to Mars

This article studies the efficiency of ejecting waste generated by the life support system (LSS) of a manned spacecraft to reduce initial mass on low earth orbit. The spacecraft is used for a long-duration interplanetary mission and is equipped with either a chemical or a nuclear-thermal propulsion system. For this study we simulate an optimal control problem for a given spacecraft maneuver. An impulsive approximation of the optimal interplanetary spacecraft trajectory is assumed, which allows us to reduce the general optimal control problem to hierarchic structure of 'outer' and 'inner' subproblems. This structure is analyzed using the Pontryagin's Maximum principle. Numerical results, illustrating the efficiency of waste ejection are shown for typical Earth-Mars transfer trajectories. This results confirm in theory that using a waste ejection system makes an early manned Mars mission possible without having to design and build new, advanced biological LSS.     

载人航天的发展

简述了国外主要载人航天器的种类、技术参数和发展过程。介绍了我国载人航天工程的发展概况和主要技术指标,并分析了我国发展载人航天在科学、经济和政治等方面的重要意义。     

利用有限元方法逼近飞行器轨道主动段扰动引力

为了克服引力位系数模型计算飞行器轨道主动段扰动引力所存在的计算量大，并且难以进行实时计算的缺点，提出利用有限元内插的方法对主动段扰动引力进行逼近。根据有限元分析中区域剖分插值的原理，采用了对飞行器轨道周围有限范围的空间区域进行有限元剖分的方式，计算出各剖分单元每个顶点处的扰动引力，然后利用剖分单元各顶点的扰动引力分量内插出飞行器轨道点对应的扰动引力分量值。计算过程和结果表明，这种方法能够快速、精确可靠地逼近飞行器轨道主动段扰动引力，满足了有关文献中所提出的要求。     

余度捷联惯性测量装置对导弹命中精度的影响研究

精度是战略导弹重要的战术技术指标。将余度技术引入捷联式惯性制导系统，组成了余度捷联惯性测量装置，然后采用适当的数据融合方法对惯性仪表冗余测量数据进行处理。大幅度减小了惯性仪表的测量误差。介绍了分析仪表误差对导弹命中精度影响程度的方法，最后的实例也证明采用余度技术后，制导误差确实大大减小，是提高导弹命中精度的有效途径。     

Ground and on-orbit command and data handling architectures for the Active Rack Isolation System microgravity flight experiment

The Active Rack Isolation System [ARIS] International Space Station [ISS] Characterization Experiment, or ARIS-ICE for short, is a long duration microgravity characterization experiment aboard the ISS. The objective of the experiment is to fully characterize active microgravity performance of the first ARIS rack deployed on the ISS. Efficient ground and on-orbit command and data handling [C&DH] segments are the crux in achieving the challenging objectives of the mission. The objective of the paper is to provide an overview of the C&DH architectures developed for ARIS-ICE, with the view that these architectures may serve as a model for future ISS microgravity payloads. Both ground and on-orbit segments, and their interaction with corresponding ISS C&DH systems are presented. The heart of the on-orbit segment is the ARIS-ICE Payload On-orbit Processor, ARIS-ICE POP for short. The POP manages communication with the ISS C&DH system and other ISS subsystems and payloads, enables automation of test/data collection sequences, and provides a wide range of utilities such as efficient file downlinks/uplinks, data post-processing, data compression and data storage. The hardware and software architecture of the POP is presented and it is shown that the built-in functionality helps to dramatically streamline the efficiency of on-orbit operations. The ground segment has at its heart special ARIS-ICE Ground Support Equipment [GSE] software developed for the experiment. The software enables efficient command and file uplinks, and reconstruction and display of science telemetry packets. The GSE software architecture is discussed along with its interactions with ISS ground C&DH elements. A test sequence example is used to demonstrate the interplay between the ground and on-orbit segments.     

某型无人直升机遥控系统BIT技术研究与实现

机内测试 (Built- In Test,简称 BIT)是一种能显著改善系统或设备测试性和诊断能力的重要技术手段。文中研究如何在遥控系统中运用 BIT技术来提高其测试性 ,并提出了一种分层测试方案 ,研究成果已应用于某型无人驾驶直升机 ,满足了遥控系统的测试性要求     

Research priorities and plans for the International Space Station-results of the 'REMAP' Task Force

Recent events in the International Space Station (ISS) Program have resulted in the necessity to re-examine the research priorities and research plans for future years. Due to both technical and fiscal resource constraints expected on the International Space Station, it is imperative that research priorities be carefully reviewed and clearly articulated. In consultation with OSTP and the Office of Management and budget (OMB), NASA's Office of Biological and Physical Research (OBPR) assembled an ad-hoc external advisory committee, the Biological and Physical Research Maximization and Prioritization (REMAP) Task Force. This paper describes the outcome of the Task Force and how it is being used to define a roadmap for near and long-term Biological and Physical Research objectives that supports NASA's Vision and Mission. Additionally, the paper discusses further prioritizations that were necessitated by budget and ISS resource constraints in order to maximize utilization of the International Space Station. Finally, a process has been developed to integrate the requirements for this prioritized research with other agency requirements to develop an integrated ISS assembly and utilization plan that maximizes scientific output.     

一种适于动态环境的盲多用户检测算法

比较两种盲多用户检测算法在动态环境中的收敛性能,并通过计算机进行模拟仿真。其中一种是能随输入信号矢量变化而变化的变步长最小输出能量盲算法;另一种是既保持最小输出能量检测器的全局收敛性,又具有最小均方误差检测器高输出信干比优点的判决反馈变步长盲算法。利用前者在动态强干扰下收敛快及后者在稳态时输出信干比高的优势,将二者结合起来应用到动态环境中,提高系统性能,同时抑制多址干扰和窄带干扰。     

我国月面巡视探测器定位方法研究

月球自动巡视勘查技术中的月面巡视探测器的导航控制,需要研究月面巡视探测器的定位技术。文章通过对国外漫游车定位方法的研究,提出了我国月面巡视探测器在全局坐标系和局部坐标系中进行定位的方法。月面巡视探测器在全局坐标系中的定位可以采用星敏感器以及陆标辨识的方式;局部坐标系的定位可以采用惯性导航系统 里程计以及着陆器帮助下定位和视觉里程计的定位方法。这几种定位方式的组合应用,能够满足月面巡视探测器导航方面的定位要求。