欧洲的研究和发展计划旨在更清洁的发动机

AVIATIONWEEK》》&SPACETECHNOLOGYEuropeanRεDprojectsTargetCleanerEngines为在未来的民用发动机市场上占更多的份额，欧洲发动机公司正在实施环保型发动机研究计划，目标是大大减少CO。和NOX的排放，并降低拥有费用欧洲委员会已同意投资两项研究计划，旨在为商用飞机研究更清洁和更高效的发动机。这些称为技术平台的飞机发动机计划是根据欧洲委员会研究指挥部第5框架计划进行的，这些计划从2000年到2004年实施，是提高欧洲航字工业竞争性的一系列主要研究和发展计划的首批计划。根据第5框架计划投资的其他技术平台计划…     

机械师短缺,航空安全令人堪忧

AVIATIONWEEK&SPACETECHNOLOGYMechanicShortageRaisesGrowth，SafetyConcernsEdwaPdHPhilips据预测，在今后几年，除非采取快捷有效的方法改变现状，否则美国飞机机械师和航电技术人员的人力资源的短缺会威胁到航空运输的发展和安全问题据美国劳工部所作的统计表明，在今后几年需要12000名新的飞机、发动机机械师（A＆P）加盟，以保持现有的航空运输业发展速度和补充退休的有经验的机械师，几乎每年缺4000名机械师。到2006年，全美维修业应达到155000名机械师，比现有人员增加13％。航空技术教育委员会（ATEC）的总裁文…     

Analysis of a spacecraft life support system for a Mars mission

This report summarizes a trade study conducted as part of the Fall 2002 semester Spacecraft Life Support System Design course (ASEN 5116) in the Aerospace Engineering Sciences Department at the University of Colorado. It presents an analysis of current life support system technologies and a preliminary design of an integrated system for supporting humans during transit to and on the surface of the planet Mars. This effort was based on the NASA Design Reference Mission (DRM) for the human exploration of Mars [NASA Design Reference Mission (DRM) for Mars, Addendum 3.0, from the world wide web: http://exploration.jsc.nasa.gov/marsref/contents.html.]. The integrated design was broken into four subsystems: Water Management, Atmosphere Management, Waste Processing, and Food Supply. The process started with the derivation of top-level requirements from the DRM. Additional system and subsystem level assumptions were added where clarification was needed. Candidate technologies were identified and characterized based on performance factors. Trade studies were then conducted for each subsystem. The resulting technologies were integrated into an overall design solution using mass flow relationships. The system level trade study yielded two different configurations--one for the transit to Mars and another for the surface habitat, which included in situ resource utilization. Equivalent System Mass analyses were used to compare each design against an open-loop (non-regenerable) baseline system.     

The first cell membranes

Organic compounds are synthesized in the interstellar medium and can be delivered to planetary surfaces such as the early Earth, where they mix with endogenous species. Some of these compounds are amphiphilic, having polar and nonpolar groups on the same molecule. Amphiphilic compounds spontaneously self-assemble into more complex structures such as bimolecular layers, which in turn form closed membranous vesicles. The first forms of cellular life required self-assembled membranes that were likely to have been produced from amphiphilic compounds on the prebiotic Earth. Laboratory simulations show that such vesicles readily encapsulate functional macromolecules, including nucleic acids and polymerases. The goal of future investigations will be to fabricate artificial cells as models of the origin of life.     

Human factors in underwater systems

Applications of human factors to undersea engineering and the relationship to aerospace science are explored. Cooperative ventures include the TEKTITE underwater habitat and development of better procedures to prevent decompression sickness. Other research involved the use of alternate gases in diving systems, remote-operation vehicles, and diving system tests.     

云层和降水中湍流区雷达检测的自适应算法

应用自适应算法综合理论，研究出了检测云层和降水中湍流区雷达信号的一些新算法。本文分析了这些新算法的有效性，首先对气象雷达信号进行了仿真，然后通过对处理过程的建模和测试，分析比较了算法的有效性。结果表明，与广泛使用的脉冲对算法相比，新算法有着明显的优势。     

铁基航空合金的新要求

进入新世纪,民用与军用飞机合金的选择设计标准发生了巨大变化。过去的设计标准主张追求更高、更快和更远的目标而不计成本,已不适应时代的发展。新的设计要求包括:一是减少瑕疵、增加使用寿命和降低维修和飞行成本;二是寻求更廉价的零件与部件,以降低产品生命周期成本;三是对更环保的“绿色”部件的需求,如淘汰需要以铬和镉进行表面处理的部件。这些要求使得H-11和300M等一些标准合金失宠,尽管这些合金异常坚硬,但却易产生应力腐蚀断裂。本文介绍了五种新型合金,这五种合金具有延长使用寿命和降低寿命周期成本的优点。它们可用作曾用于起…     

MSK和OKQPSK体制的实验评价

实验室的试验测量指出,当通道具有同比特率带宽近于相等的带宽和典型的有关相位延迟特性时,MSK 与 OKQPSK 调制方式有近乎相等误差率性能.为了在比较不同调制方式的性能时消除硬件质量不同引起的差异,设计与制造了高质量 MSK 与 OKQPSK 发射机和通用模型接收机。因此,调制方式的选择应主要考虑复杂性、对设备组合的敏感度和差分编码合适性,而不是误差率。     

乔治亚理工学院相干干扰机飞行试验

本文所述的飞行试验大纲的目的,是为了精确测量相干干扰机对雷达产生的干扰作用。这个资料可直接用来验证以往各种分析方法,并使ECM系统工作最佳化。飞行试验的主要试验部分包括:相干干扰系统、MORAD雷达、T-29B飞机以及数据采集用的仪器/支援设备。试验工作中大部分采用常用的方法,只有数据处理和分析才需要靠协作来完成,这是乔治亚理工学院与佛罗里达的爱格林空军基地的麻休科学实验室之间的分工,这主要是为了最有效地促进工作和有利于人员进行数据处理。