小波函数在最佳冲击隔离中的应用(英文)

将极限性能分析用于机械系统的最佳冲击隔离。文章研究了如何采用小波函数近似表征时域的控制函数 ,推导了有关计算公式。数值符包括一个单自由度系统和一个多自由度系统的最佳冲击隔离。计算结果表明 ,小波函数与三角级数相比 ,可以更好地描述控制函数的急剧变化 ,并使计算效率显著提高。     

Ozone concentrations and ultraviolet fluxes on Earth-like planets around other stars

Coupled radiative-convective/photochemical modeling was performed for Earth-like planets orbiting different types of stars (the Sun as a G2V, an F2V, and a K2V star). O(2) concentrations between 1 and 10(-5) times the present atmospheric level (PAL) were simulated. The results were used to calculate visible/near-IR and thermal-IR spectra, along with surface UV fluxes and relative dose rates for erythema and DNA damage. For the spectral resolution and sensitivity currently planned for the first generation of terrestrial planet detection and characterization missions, we find that O(2) should be observable remotely in the visible for atmospheres containing at least 10(-2) PAL of O(2). O(3) should be visible in the thermal-IR for atmospheres containing at least 10(-3) PAL of O(2). CH(4) is not expected to be observable in 1 PAL O(2) atmospheres like that of modern Earth, but it might be observable at thermal-IR wavelengths in "mid-Proterozoic-type" atmospheres containing approximately 10(-1) PAL of O(2). Thus, the simultaneous detection of both O(3) and CH(4) - considered to be a reliable indication of life - is within the realm of possibility. High-O(2) planets orbiting K2V and F2V stars are both better protected from surface UV radiation than is modern Earth. For the F2V case the high intrinsic UV luminosity of the star is more than offset by the much thicker ozone layer. At O(2) levels below approximately 10(-2) PAL, planets around all three types of stars are subject to high surface UV fluxes, with the F2V planet exhibiting the most biologically dangerous radiation environment. Thus, while advanced life is theoretically possible on high-O(2) planets around F stars, it is not obvious that it would evolve as it did on Earth.     

金属橡胶挤压油膜阻尼器阻尼性能分析

为了降低发动机转子高速旋转产生的振动，提高发动机的使用寿命，设计了一种端部安装金属橡胶环的新型挤压油膜阻尼器，并在π油膜假设条件下，利用斯托克斯方程和雷诺方程，给出了新型金属橡胶挤压油膜阻尼器的流量表达式以及非线性油膜力的近似表达式。通过传统短挤压油膜阻尼器和新型金属橡胶挤压油膜阻尼器的流量特性和油膜力特性的对比分析，表明新型金属橡胶挤压油膜阻尼器具有更好的阻尼性能和良好的节流特性。并通过试验证明了新型金属橡胶挤压油膜阻尼器具有更好的阻尼减振效果。     

美空军预测未来电子战中将广泛采用GPS

GPS很有希望改进军用战术飞机,特别是多机编队时的电子抗干扰能力。 美空军已经鉴定了两项精确测定威胁发射机位置的技术和两项欺骗面空导弹的方法,它们都由于采用了GPS而使性能得以改进。两种欺骗方法一种是用欺骗雷达信号照射箔条云。另一种则帮助两架编队的飞机协调其自卫干扰,战术上称作协同干扰。     

Martian CH(4): sources, flux, and detection

Recent observations have detected trace amounts of CH(4) heterogeneously distributed in the martian atmosphere, which indicated a subsurface CH(4) flux of ~2 x 10(5) to 2 x 10(9) cm(2) s(1). Four different origins for this CH(4) were considered: (1) volcanogenic; (2) sublimation of hydrate- rich ice; (3) diffusive transport through hydrate-saturated cryosphere; and (4) microbial CH(4) generation above the cryosphere. A diffusive flux model of the martian crust for He, H(2), and CH(4) was developed based upon measurements of deep fracture water samples from South Africa. This model distinguishes between abiogenic and microbial CH(4) sources based upon their isotopic composition, and couples microbial CH(4) production to H(2) generation by H(2)O radiolysis. For a He flux of approximately 10(5) cm(2) s(1) this model yields an abiogenic CH(4) flux and a microbial CH(4) flux of approximately 10(6) and approximately 10(9) cm(2) s(1), respectively. This flux will only reach the martian surface if CH(4) hydrate is saturated in the cryosphere; otherwise it will be captured within the cryosphere. The sublimation of a hydrate-rich cryosphere could generate the observed CH(4) flux, whereas microbial CH(4) production in a hypersaline environment above the hydrate stability zone only seems capable of supplying approximately 10(5) cm(2) s(1) of CH(4). The model predicts that He/H(2)/CH(4)/C(2)H(6) abundances and the C and H isotopic values of CH(4) and the C isotopic composition of C(2)H(6) could reveal the different sources. Cavity ring-down spectrometers represent the instrument type that would be most capable of performing the C and H measurements of CH(4) on near future rover missions and pinpointing the cause and source of the CH(4) emissions.     

一种正交模(双旋向)螺旋天线

引言将一个轴向模螺旋天线单元安装在一个接地板上,并从靠近接地板的一端进行馈电,就是一个很好的圆极化辐射器。我们对从远离接地板的另一端同时进行馈电,利用反射板的作用来获得反旋向圆极化的可能性进行了尝试。这一设计的可行性已在一个带锥套的试验螺旋上得到了证实。说明与实现方法图1示出了双旋向螺旋天线的基本结构。若从螺旋(C)上点1处用传输线(A)进行馈电,并把螺旋安装到一个接地板(D)上,那么它就是一种普通的螺旋天     

Microwave Brightness Temperature and Lunar Soil Dielectric Property Retrieve

Among many scientific objectives of lunar exploration, investigations on lunar soil become more and more attractive to the scientists duo to the existence of abundant 3He and ilmenite in the lunar soil and their possible utilization. Although the soil composition determination on the lunar surface is available by visible light spectrometer,γ/X-ray spectrometer etc, the evaluations on the total reserves of 3He and ilmenite in the lunar deep and on the thickness of the lunar soil are still impossible so far. In this paper, the authors first give a rough analysis of the microwave brightness temperature images of the lunar disc observed using the NRAO 12 Meter Telescope and Siberian Solar Radio Telescope; then introduce our researches on the microwave dielectric properties of lunar soil simulators; finally, discuss some basic relations between the microwave brightness temperature and lunar soil properties.     

用雷达观测值进行非线性估算

本文探讨了雷达测量模型方程的非线性,并研究了这些非线性对滤波和平滑精度的影响。我们导出了一种简单的算法,用这种算法,可以有效地减小非线性所产生的影响。该方法以如下的次序处理雷达观测值:方位、俯仰、距离。用方位残差估算俯仰残差,然后用方位和俯仰的综合结果估算距离残差。用这种算法所得的估算精度与推广卡尔曼滤波法(EKF)的估算精度相比较,可证明前者优于后者。而且,采用这种算法时,其计算复杂度并不超过推广卡尔曼滤波法的计算复杂度。     

基于Kirchhoff方法的跨音速螺旋桨的气动声学计算

本文采用Kirchhof方法计算双桨叶Hartzel跨音速螺旋桨的远场气动噪声。Kirchhoff面为包围整个螺旋桨的固定圆柱面,首先采用FLOWer软件包直接求解Euler方程得到圆柱内和圆柱面上的近场气动流场解,然后根据Kirchhof方法求解远场声场。通过计算详细研究了圆柱的直径和高度对远场声场的影响,以及圆柱各部分对远场声压的贡献,文中同时给出了Farassat线性方法的计算结果。      

一种具有数字信号处理功能的铯频标方波调频伺服系统

本文介绍一种具有数字信号处理功能的伺服系统,该系统近来已经应用于铯频率标准之中。与以前的伺服系统相比,它采用了一个具有2赫频率调制的模拟锁定系统。新的系统具有多种优点,例如:调制和解调的线性好,信号处理的直流失调小并容易补偿到最佳控制。其他实验室所做的实验表明:输出信号的线性直流漂移可用二阶差分的信号处理方法消除。本文中介绍了采用高阶差分计算处理的伺服系统的实验结果及理论分析。结果表明,它对于改进频率稳定度看来是十分有效的。