用于先进火箭发动机的富氧预燃室

洛克达因公司已成功地设计和生产出了富氧的液氧/气氢预燃室,并在燃烧室绝压为14.1～21.3MPa,质量混合比为117—174,推进剂总流量为14.0～23.6kg/s 的工作范围内通过了热试车考验。按费用低、重量轻、易操作等原则设计的先进的富氧预燃室,其推进剂射流都处在同一个平面上(喷注面),以实现沿不冷却的燃烧室轴线方向的均匀燃烧。在八次主级工作时间为1～5秒的试车中,直径89mm 的富氧预燃室喷注器多次反复地验证了其良好的点火、火焰传播和火焰维持等特性,而且当通过测量计算所得的特征速度效率为99%时,没有不稳定燃烧的迹象出现。此时测得的燃气平均温度从260℃(混合比 I_m—174)到538℃(r_m—117),而且每次试验,各方向热电偶的测量值相差不大于24℃。全尺寸的富氧 LOX/GH_2预燃室的成功热试车证明了全流量补燃循环(Full-Flow Staged Combustion Cycle 简称 FFSC 循环)发动机设计的一个关键启动技术已被突破。本报告总结了富氧预燃室的研究情况并进而对确保可靠地实现点火、火焰传播和火焰维持,使预燃室形成高水平的推进剂混合和质流的均匀性的喷注器进行了设计分析。     

星载计算机的单粒子扰动及其加固技术研究

以实践四号卫星有效载荷“单粒子事件动态监测仪’为实践基础,介绍了星载计算机基于软件结合硬件容错抗单粒子扰动的加固技术;并对半年多来在轨运行中探测到的单粒子翻转和闩锁事件进行了初步分析总结。     

GPCM控制气动伺服系统的理论分析与实验研究

广义脉冲编码调制（ＧＰＣＭ）控制是针对脉冲编码调制（ＰＣＭ）控制气动系统中控制精度与控制范围、稳定性与快速性之间的矛盾而提出的。本文建立了ＧＰＣＭ控制气动伺服系统的数学模型，并进行了详细的仿真和实验研究，结果证明了该方法的有效性。     

卫星群分离控制方法研究

根据星群分离控制的一般要求，本文研究了卫星群的相对运动方程，分析了其相对运动特性，在合理的近似假设下对Ｈｉｌｌ方程为出发点，研究了各卫星相对距离限制下的分离控制方法。最后对精确方程与近似方程的仿真比较，表明所设计的健康控制方法是可行的，其结果是可信的。     

含催化剂RDXCMDB推进剂燃烧机理研究

利用常压ＤＳＣ及ＴＧ／ＤＴＧ，高压ＤＳＣ，单幅照相和燃烧波温度分布测试技术对含ＲＤＸ的复合改性双基推进剂（ＲＤＸＣＭＤＢ）含和不含催化剂时的燃烧机理进行了研究，得到了该种推进剂在热分解和燃烧方面的一些重要结果。     

关于我国遥感卫星数据源工程建设的思考

一、迎接对地观测新的发展高潮本世纪末,在经济、社会、科技发展的巨大推动下以及环境、资源问题的巨大压力下,随着空间科学技术的迅速发展,我们面临着一个世界范围的对地观测技术新的发展高潮。1.传统的卫星遥感数据源能力在增强以70年代初陆地卫星-1发射为里程碑,近30年形成了以美国陆地卫星、法国斯波特民用遥感卫星系列为主流的地球资源环境卫星遥感数据源,同时也发展了日本的海洋观测卫星-日本地球资源卫星-先进地球观测卫星系列、加拿大的雷达卫星系列、印     

耦合多体系统动力响应计算

由于弹性体与刚体之间的动力耦合，使得耦合多体系统的特征值问题非自共轭，难以用经典的模态分析方法解决含有刚、弹耦合多体系统的动力响应问题。本文以某多体系统为例，建立了耦合多体系统的特征值和边值问题的增广公式，进而求得了用正交的增广特征矢量级数表示的系统对任意激励的响应。     

Solar particle events and the International Space Station

The high inclination orbit for the International Space Station poses a risk to astronauts on EVA during occasional periods of enhanced high energy particle flux from the sun known as Solar Particle Events. We are currently unable to predict these events within the few-hour lead time required for evasive action. Compounding the threat is the fact that station construction occurs during increasing solar activity and through the peak of the solar cycle. In this paper we present an overview of the risk, the current methods to provide forecasts of SPEs, and potential risk mitigation options.     

Metabolic assessments during extra-vehicular activity

Extra-vehicular activity (EVA) has a significant role during extended space flights. It demonstrates that humans can survive and perform useful work outside the Orbital Space Stations (OSS) while wearing protective space suits (SS). When the International Space Station 'Alpha' (ISSA) is fully operational, EVA assembly, installation, maintenance and repair operations will become an everyday repetitive work activity in space. It needs new ergonomic evaluation of the work/rest schedule for an increasing of the labor amount per EVA hour. The metabolism assessment is a helpful method to control the productivity of the EVA astronaut and to optimize the work/rest regime. Three following methods were used in Russia to estimate real-time metabolic rates during EVA: 1. Oxygen consumption, computed from the pressure drop in a high pressure bottle per unit time (with actual thermodynamic oxygen properties under high pressure and oxygen leakage taken into account). 2. Carbon dioxide production, computed from CO2 concentration at the contaminant control cartridge and gas flow rate in the life support subsystem closed loop (nominal mode) or gas leakage in the SS open loop (emergency mode). 3. Heat removal, computed from the difference between the temperatures of coolant water or gas and its flow rate in a unit of time (with assumed humidity and wet oxygen state taken into account). Comparison of heat removal values with metabolic rates enables us to determine the thermal balance during an operative medical control of EVA at "Salyut-6", "Salyut-7" and "Mir" OSS. Complex analysis of metabolism, body temperature and heat rate supports a differential diagnosis between emotional and thermal components of stress during EVA. It gives a prognosis of human homeostasis during EVA. Available information has been acquired into an EVA data base which is an effective tool for ergonomical optimization.     

先进发射系统使用的通用发动机概念及降低成本的途径

讨论通用发动机设计概念及其在运载火箭上的应用，对发动机计划成本和成本节约进行估算，并与助推级、芯级独立使用发动机的设计和研制相比较。