战术导弹强度与环境技术交流会在柳州召开

由航天工业部科学技术委员会委托航天工业部第三研究院第三设计部主持召开的战术导弹强度与环境技术交流会于1982年10月30日至11月3日在广西柳州举行。来自各有关设计、制造、试验、研究与教学各方面近30个单位的90余位代表参加了会议,他们向会议提出了近80篇技术报告。会间,哈尔滨工业大学副校长黄文虎教授作了题为“结构动力学发展中的几个问题”的报告,王锋教授作了题为“断裂力学在飞航式导弹上的应用”的报告,中国科学院力学研究     

喷管进口和喉道几何形状对固体火箭发动机比冲的影响

本文介绍在火箭喷管进口和喉道区域计算完全耦合的燃气——粒子混合物流场的计算机化模型。定常态的燃气流场是作为长时间渐近解计算的,而粒子流场是假定准定常流来计算。对于超音速燃气粒子流场,这一模型则与特征线法结合进行计算。计算表明喷管进口角度、喷管喉道曲率半径比、喉道尺寸以及粒子大小对比冲的影响。文中也介绍了一些发动机试验数据的比较。     

Neutral buoyancy and sleep-deprived serum factors alter expression of cytokines regulating osteogenesis

We examined expression of genes associated with cytokine production, and genes implicated in regulating bone metabolism, in bone stromal and osteoblast cells incubated under standard ground conditions and under conditions of neutral buoyancy, and in the presence/absence of serum from normal or sleep-deprived mice. We observed a clear interaction between these two conditions (exposure to neutral buoyancy and serum stimulation) in promoting enhanced osteoclastogenesis. Both conditions independently altered expression of a number of cytokines implicated in the regulation of bone metabolism. However, using stromal cells from IL-1 and TNFx cytokine(r) KO mice, we concluded that the increased bone loss under microgravity conditions was not primarily cytokine mediated.     

Vanguard--a European robotic astrobiology-focussed Mars sub-surface mission proposal

We present a new European Mars mission proposal to build on the UK-led Beagle2 Mars mission and continue its astrobiology-focussed investigation of Mars. The small surface element to be delivered to the Martian surface--Vanguard--is designed to be carried by a Mars Express-type spacecraft bus to Mars and adopts a similar entry, descent and landing system as Beagle2. The surface element comprises a triad of robotic devices--a lander, a micro-rover of the Sojourner class for surface mobility, and three ground-penetrating moles mounted onto the rover for sub-surface penetration to 5 m depth. The major onboard instruments on the rover include a Raman spectrometer/imager, a laser plasma spectrometer, an infrared spectrometer--these laser instruments provide the basis for in situ "remote" sensing of the sub-surface Martian environment within a powerful scientific package. The moles carry the instruments' sensor head array to the sub-surface. The moles are thus required to undergo a one-way trip down the boreholes without the need for recovery of moles or samples, eliminating much of the robotic complexity invoked by such operations.     

Social desirability bias in personality testing: implications for astronaut selection

The assessment of personality is recognized by space agencies as an approach to identify candidates likely to perform optimally during spaceflights. In the use of personality scales for selection, the impact of social desirability (SD) has been cited as a concern. Study 1 addressed the impact of SD on responses to the Personality Characteristic Inventory(PCI) and NEO-FFI. This was achieved by contrasting scores from active astronauts (N=65) with scores of successful astronaut applicants (N=63), and between pilots applicants (N=1271) and pilot research subjects (N=120). Secondly, personality scores were correlated with scores on the Marlow Crown Social Desirability Scale among applicants to managerial positions (N=120). The results indicated that SD inflated scores on PCI scales assessing negative interpersonal characteristics, and impacted on four of five scales in NEO-FFI. Still, the effect sizes were small or moderate. Study 2 addressed performance implications of SD during an assessment of males applying to work as rescue personnel operations in the North Sea (N=22). The results showed that SD correlated negatively with cognitive test performance, and positively with discrepancy in performance ratings between self and two observers. In conclusion, caution is needed in interpreting personality scores in applicant populations. SD maybe a negative predictor for performance under stress.     

半导体式奌火系统

苏联,以乌里扬诺夫(列宁)命名的列宁格勒电工学院,电介质及半导体教研室 航空发动机的点火系统,大都采用了由磁电机来供电的高压火花放电式电咀。这种点水系统的结构复杂,体积笨重,并且在使用上还存在着严重的缺陷。这些缺陷,首     

在高频负荷下钛合金及耐热合金持久强度的研究

1.引言 新型优质材料的制造及其在工艺上的应用与金属疲劳强度问题的研究,关系极为密切。这一问题对于现代航空发动机构造的发展具有特别重要的意义。因为,这种发动机的零件是在高温和高频振动负荷的情况之下工作的。在喷气发动机中,负荷最大的零件     

西安某粘接材料厂室内供暖、热水系统的设计

基于厂方对供热系统的要求,根据供热建筑物、机房和可利用设施的实际情况,采用一台换热器,通过阀门的切换,实现了供暖和供热水的分段运行。将蒸汽发生器的进水与系统补水有机地整合为一个系统,有效地解决了机房面积过小的实际困难。利用自来水的压力和热水箱与浴室的高差解决了热水供应的实际问题。     

用于飞机健康监控的传感器技术不断升级

得益于数据处理和存储技术的进步，从飞机上获取的数据量呈爆发式增长，可对飞机实施预测性维修的机会也越来越多。其中，不断进步的传感器技术是支撑飞机健康监控技术发展的关键因素。