关于我国遥感卫星数据源工程建设的思考

一、迎接对地观测新的发展高潮本世纪末,在经济、社会、科技发展的巨大推动下以及环境、资源问题的巨大压力下,随着空间科学技术的迅速发展,我们面临着一个世界范围的对地观测技术新的发展高潮。1.传统的卫星遥感数据源能力在增强以70年代初陆地卫星-1发射为里程碑,近30年形成了以美国陆地卫星、法国斯波特民用遥感卫星系列为主流的地球资源环境卫星遥感数据源,同时也发展了日本的海洋观测卫星-日本地球资源卫星-先进地球观测卫星系列、加拿大的雷达卫星系列、印     

耦合多体系统动力响应计算

由于弹性体与刚体之间的动力耦合，使得耦合多体系统的特征值问题非自共轭，难以用经典的模态分析方法解决含有刚、弹耦合多体系统的动力响应问题。本文以某多体系统为例，建立了耦合多体系统的特征值和边值问题的增广公式，进而求得了用正交的增广特征矢量级数表示的系统对任意激励的响应。     

Solar particle events and the International Space Station

The high inclination orbit for the International Space Station poses a risk to astronauts on EVA during occasional periods of enhanced high energy particle flux from the sun known as Solar Particle Events. We are currently unable to predict these events within the few-hour lead time required for evasive action. Compounding the threat is the fact that station construction occurs during increasing solar activity and through the peak of the solar cycle. In this paper we present an overview of the risk, the current methods to provide forecasts of SPEs, and potential risk mitigation options.     

Metabolic assessments during extra-vehicular activity

Extra-vehicular activity (EVA) has a significant role during extended space flights. It demonstrates that humans can survive and perform useful work outside the Orbital Space Stations (OSS) while wearing protective space suits (SS). When the International Space Station 'Alpha' (ISSA) is fully operational, EVA assembly, installation, maintenance and repair operations will become an everyday repetitive work activity in space. It needs new ergonomic evaluation of the work/rest schedule for an increasing of the labor amount per EVA hour. The metabolism assessment is a helpful method to control the productivity of the EVA astronaut and to optimize the work/rest regime. Three following methods were used in Russia to estimate real-time metabolic rates during EVA: 1. Oxygen consumption, computed from the pressure drop in a high pressure bottle per unit time (with actual thermodynamic oxygen properties under high pressure and oxygen leakage taken into account). 2. Carbon dioxide production, computed from CO2 concentration at the contaminant control cartridge and gas flow rate in the life support subsystem closed loop (nominal mode) or gas leakage in the SS open loop (emergency mode). 3. Heat removal, computed from the difference between the temperatures of coolant water or gas and its flow rate in a unit of time (with assumed humidity and wet oxygen state taken into account). Comparison of heat removal values with metabolic rates enables us to determine the thermal balance during an operative medical control of EVA at "Salyut-6", "Salyut-7" and "Mir" OSS. Complex analysis of metabolism, body temperature and heat rate supports a differential diagnosis between emotional and thermal components of stress during EVA. It gives a prognosis of human homeostasis during EVA. Available information has been acquired into an EVA data base which is an effective tool for ergonomical optimization.     

先进发射系统使用的通用发动机概念及降低成本的途径

讨论通用发动机设计概念及其在运载火箭上的应用，对发动机计划成本和成本节约进行估算，并与助推级、芯级独立使用发动机的设计和研制相比较。     

超长薄壁带台阶筒体的旋压工艺

超长薄壁带台阶筒体在其加工上有较大难度 ,是适合用强力旋压加工完成的典型零件。通过工艺攻关 ,制作旋压工装 ,确定旋压方式、旋压方案、合理的旋压参数 ,旋压出了合格的筒体制件。该工艺方法已运用于正常的批量生产 ,制件精度良好 ,符合所有要求。     

FRP固体火箭发动机壳体的非线性FW线型分析

对纤维增强复合材料（FRP）固体火箭发动机壳体的纤维缠绕（FW）线型进行了简要地分析。鉴于封头曲面上FW线型稳定性对于线型参数变化十分敏感，分析封头FW线型时，本文仍从测地线方面来考虑。依此，两赤道圆处FW角必须以左右封头几何尺寸及测地线FW条件来确定。在对筒身段非测地线FW可行性讨论中，提出了筒身段实现非测地线FW的条件，同时推导出了筒身段非测定地线FW运动控制的一般数学模型。     

降低NEPE推进剂燃速的途径探讨

通过对NEPE推进剂燃烧表面的热平衡分析，指出了影响推进剂燃速的3个因素：“嘶嘶”区（fizz）的温度梯度、凝聚相反应热和燃面温度，提高了降低NEPE推进剂燃速的可能途径，研究了某些燃速降速剂的作用及其对推进剂能量的影响。用实验证明了降低燃速几个途径的可行性。     

下一代导航星—GPS ⅡF

本文概述了下一代全球定位系统（GPS）的空间和地面部分，详细介绍了GPS Block ⅡF项目，GPS ⅡF项目包括：购买33颗卫星，运行和对新一代GPS卫星的地面控制部分提供支持。该项目采用改进的捕获技术来发展和部署新的导航星，包括保障设备和软件，文章中介绍了GPS导生的信号功率，精度和民用服务等性能的改善，并结合GPS ⅡF系统的适应性，使系统性能得到提高。并对GPS ⅡF的构成进行详细描述。     

星光折射航天器自主定轨方案比较

当星光透射大气发生折射时 ,用星光折射角精确地反映星光在大气中离地球表面的高度 ,并建立高度、航天器与地球的几何关系。通过对折射角进行观测 ,间接测得地平 ,从而改善了用地平仪直接测地平所造成的航天器自主导航精度低的不足。本文提出了几种利用星光折射的航天器自主定轨方案 ,并作了细致的仿真实验 ,对直接和间接两种测量地平方法以及几种星光折射自主定轨方案进行了分析比较。