敏捷制造模式下的质量保证信息系统

客户驱动的动态的全球市场及地理上分布的合作伙伴给开发敏捷制造模式下的质量保证信息系统(QAIS)带来了新的挑战,本文先对敏捷制造模式下的QAIS进行了需求分析,提出了新的分布式QAIS的实现框架,利用当前迅速发展的信息技术,建立了QAIS的开发环境并对有关关键技术进行了初步研究,最后开发完成了一个基于Web的QAIS原型系统.     

客舱升级改装过程中面临的测试问题变得越来越复杂

客舱升级改装逐渐成为各航空公司关注的焦点，随之而来的有关测试也变得越来越复杂，测试主要专注于易燃性、碰撞动力学、毒性以及飞机对无线信号的敏感性等方面。     

防务市场疑云笼罩，民用市场乘势起航——《航空周刊》TPC榜单分析

今年5月，《航空周刊》发布了最新的TPC榜单，全面反映了2012年航空航天和国防领域内各企业的综合表现。2012年，虽然全行业取得了创纪录的2％的营业收入和4％的利润增长，但这主要得益于不断攀升的民用市场，而国防工业则经历了相对惨淡的一年。     

选择空间运输系统助推发动机的方法学

在设计方案评定应用中以参量性寿命周期费用(LCC)为主要的评估标准.阐述了最近研究并成功地应用在对未来重复使用的空间运输系统助推火箭的液体火箭发动机评估上的方法学.讨论了用以LCC为基础的原理评估的定量方法,并考虑了所有的次要评定因素和费用评估关系(CER).讨论了研制工作中的技术、费用和进度,及操作和维护寿命期中的风险对LCC的影响.最后,严格地研讨了将这一以LCC为依据的定量评估方法论用作决策支持工具的优缺点,并将它与作者过去用于相似用途的纯定性评定方法作了比较.本方法学虽是一项具体应用,但也可以作为一类决策模型用于其他的机械和电子系统上,例如运输、空间站和高级武器系统用的这类系统上.     

关於机翼升力的产生与附面层中流态之间的关系

如众周知,机翼的古典理论利用了没有粘性的理想流体模型。这样的简化便使得我们可以得到具有很大实际意义的深远结论。可是将实际介质看作理想流体的简化概念并不能解释某些本质的现象,例如,象机翼运动开始时速度环量和升力的产生这些现象。 本文包含作者在莫斯科航空学院所进行研究的主要结论,给出了在定常运动下机翼     

Why Raman spectroscopy on Mars?--a case of the right tool for the right job

We provide a scientific rationale for the astrobiological investigation of Mars. We suggest that, given practical constraints, the most promising locations for the search for former life on Mars are palaeolake craters and the evaporite deposits that may reside within them. We suggest that Raman spectroscopy offers a promising tool for the detection of evidence of former (or extant) biota on Mars. In particular, we highlight the detection of hopanoids as long-lived bacterial cell wall products and photosynthetic pigments as the most promising targets. We further suggest that Raman spectroscopy as a fibre optic-based instrument lends itself to flexible planetary deployment.     

Influence of ionic inorganic solutes on self-assembly and polymerization processes related to early forms of life: implications for a prebiotic aqueous medium

A commonly accepted view is that life began in a marine environment, which would imply the presence of inorganic ions such as Na+, Cl-, Mg2+, Ca2+, and Fe2+. We have investigated two processes relevant to the origin of life--membrane self-assembly and RNA polymerization--and established that both are adversely affected by ionic solute concentrations much lower than those of contemporary oceans. In particular, monocarboxylic acid vesicles, which are plausible models of primitive membrane systems, are completely disrupted by low concentrations of divalent cations, such as magnesium and calcium, and by high sodium chloride concentrations as well. Similarly, a nonenzymatic, nontemplated polymerization of activated RNA monomers in ice/eutectic phases (in a solution of low initial ionic strength) yields oligomers with > 80% of the original monomers incorporated, but polymerization in initially higher ionic strength aqueous solutions is markedly inhibited. These observations suggest that cellular life may not have begun in a marine environment because the abundance of ionic inorganic solutes would have significantly inhibited the chemical and physical processes that lead to self-assembly of more complex molecular systems.     

Eye light flashes on the Mir space station

The phenomenon of light flashes (LF) in eyes for people in space has been investigated onboard Mir. Data on particles hitting the eye have been collected with the SilEye detectors, and correlated with human observations. It is found that a nucleus in the radiation environment of Mir has roughly a 1% probability to cause an LF, whereas the proton probability is almost three orders of magnitude less. As a function of LET, the LF probability increases above 10 keV/micrometer, reaching about 5% at around 50 keV/micrometer.     

MEDES clinical research facility as a tool to prepare ISSA space flights

This new multi-disciplinary medical experimentation center provides the ideal scientific, medical and technical environment required for research programs and to prepare international space station Alpha (ISSA) missions, where space and healthcare industries can share their expertise. Different models are available to simulate space flight effects (bed-rest, confinement,...). This is of particular interest for research in Human psychology, physiology, physiopathology and ergonomics, validation of biomedical materials and procedures, testing of drugs, and other healthcare related products. This clinical research facility (CRF) provides valuable services in various fields of Human research requiring healthy volunteers. CRF is widely accessible to national and international, scientific, medical and industrial organisations. Furthermore, users have at their disposal the multi-disciplinary skills of MEDES staff and all MEDES partners on a single site.     

The Kinelite Project: a new powerful motion analyser for Spacelab and space station

The goal of the Kinelite Project is to develop a space qualified motion analysis system to be used in space by the scientific community, mainly to support neuroscience protocols. The measurement principle of the Kinelite is to determine, by triangulation mean, the 3D position of small, lightweight, reflective markers positioned at the different points of interest. The scene is illuminated by Infra Red flashes and the reflected light is acquired by up to 8 precalibrated and synchronized CCD cameras. The main characteristics of the system are: Camera field of view: 45 degrees; Number of cameras: 2 to 8; Acquisition frequency: 25, 50, 100, or 200 Hz; CCD format: 256 x 256; Number of markers: up to 64; 3D accuracy: 2mm; Main dimensions: 45 cm x 45 cm x 30 cm; Mass: 23 kg; Power consumption: less than 200 W. The Kinelite will first fly aboard the NASA Spacelab; it will be used, during the NEUROLAB mission (4/98), to support the "Frames of References and Internal Models" (Principal Investigator: Pr. A. Berthoz, Co Investigators: J. McIntyre, F. Lacquaniti).