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The Siljan ring structure (368 +/- 1.1 Ma) is the largest known impact structure in Europe. It isa 65-km-wide, eroded, complex impact structure, displaying several structural units, including a central uplifted region surrounded by a ring-shaped depression. Associated with the impact crater are traces of a post-impact hydrothermal system indicated by precipitated and altered hydrothermal mineral assemblages. Precipitated hydrothermal minerals include quartz veins and breccia fillings associated with granitic rocks at the outer margin of the central uplift, and calcite, fluorite, galena, and sphalerite veins associated with Paleozoic carbonate rocks located outside the central uplift. Two-phase water/gas and oil/gas inclusions in calcite and fluorite display homogenization temperatures between 75 degrees C and 137 degrees C. With an estimated erosional unloading of approximately 1 km, the formation temperatures were probably not more than 10-15 degrees C higher. Fluid inclusion ice-melting temperatures indicate a very low salt content, reducing the probability that the mineralization was precipitated during the Caledonian Orogeny. Our findings suggest that large impacts induce low-temperature hydrothermal systems that may be habitats for thermophilic organisms. Large impact structures on Mars may therefore be suitable targets in the search for fossil thermophilic organisms. 相似文献
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Fluid inclusions in minerals hold the potential to provide important data on the chemistry of the ambient fluids during mineral precipitation. Especially interesting to astrobiologists are inclusions in low-temperature minerals that may have been precipitated in the presence of microorganisms. We demonstrate that it is possible to obtain data from inclusions in chemosynthetic carbonates that precipitated by the oxidation of organic carbon around methane-bearing seepages. Chemosynthetic carbonates have been identified as a target rock for astrobiological exploration. Other surficial rock types identified as targets for astrobiological exploration include hydrothermal deposits, speleothems, stromatolites, tufas, and evaporites, each of which can contain fluid inclusions. Fracture systems below impact craters would also contain precipitates of minerals with fluid inclusions. As fluid inclusions are sealed microchambers, they preserve fluids in regions where water is now absent, such as regions of the martian surface. Although most inclusions are < 5 microns, the possibility to obtain data from the fluids, including biosignatures and physical remains of life, underscores the advantages of technological advances in the study of fluid inclusions. The crushing of bulk samples could release inclusion waters for analysis, which could be undertaken in situ on Mars. 相似文献
185.
The purpose of the present experiment was to study the way in which the CNS represents gravitational force during vertical arm pointing movements. Movements in upward and downward directions were executed by two cosmonauts in normal-gravity and weightlessness. Analyses focused upon finger kinematics in the sagittal plane. In normal-gravity, downward direction movements showed smaller curvatures and greater relative times to peak velocity (AT/MT) when compared with upward direction movements. Data from the weightlessness experiments showed that whilst downward movements decreased their curvature during space flight, curvatures of upward movements changed slightly. Furthermore, AT/MT was modified during the first days in micro-gravity for both directions, recovering, however, to pre-flight values after 18 days in space. Results from the present study, provide evidence that gravitational force is centrally treated constituting an important component of the motor plan for vertical arm movements. 相似文献
186.
KINETICSOFδPHASEPRECIPITATIONINCOLDROLLEDINCONEL718ALLOYLiuWenchang,YaoMei(YanshanUniversity,Qinhuangdao,China,066004)LiuRung... 相似文献
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中间层厚度对陶瓷扩散焊接头应力分布影响的数值分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用有限元计算方法,对平面应变、平面应力两种应力状态下含中间层的陶瓷接头界面上应力分布规律进行数值分析。得到了接头界面上正应力和剪应力沿板定的分布曲线。结果表明,中间层材料厚度小时,两种应力状态下的正应力和剪应力在接头界面上滑板定的分布基本均匀。中间层材料厚度增大,平面应变状态下试件中部的正应力增大并出现峰值;平面应力状态下在试件自由瑞边缘正应力增大并出现峰值。两种应力状态下界面上的剪应力由板中央到板边缘逐渐增大,界面上边缘处最大剪应力的值也随中间层厚度的增加而增大。因此,在保证接头接合良好的前提下,应采用小厚度的中间层。 相似文献
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三维充液航天器的位置和姿态联合控制 《空间控制技术与应用》2017,43(3):15-20
考虑充液月球着陆器悬停避障阶段的控制问题,采用三维球摆作为液体晃动部分的等效模型.针对球摆与刚体耦合的三维动力学模型,给出动力学模型的矢量方程及各矢量在本体系的投影坐标,设计位置和姿态联合控制器.所设计的控制器可以稳定航天器刚体的位置和姿态,且只依赖刚体的位置和姿态,不依赖晃动角或者动力学方程,利于工程应用.利用LaSalle不变原理分析闭环系统的稳定性,给出期望姿态为竖直时系统渐近稳定的控制器参数选择依据.最后数值仿真验证控制方法的有效性. 相似文献