Prebiotic oligodeoxynucleotide synthesis in a cyclic evaporating system at low temperatures.

Deoxynucleoside 5'-monophosphates were condensed by cyanamide or by l-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide in the presence of ammonium chloride at 0 degree, 37 degrees or 60 degrees C through several cycles of evaporation to dryness with replenishment of all reactants at each cycle. We found that at 37 degrees or 60 degrees cyanamide gives distinctly more high molecular weight material than does carbodiimide. Indeed, the yield of condensed products for the cyanamide reaction (dimers and higher oligomers) was found to be between 60 percent and 80 percent. The molecular weight distribution of the product shifts to higher molecular weights as cycling continues at 37 degrees or 60 degrees for both condensing agents. The water soluble carbodiimide gives higher yields of low molecular weight product but much lower yields of the higher molecular weight products. At 0 degree yields of high molecular weight product were low for both condensing agents. Results of characterization of the products demonstrate the synthesis of oligodeoxynucleotides including tetramers, with 3'-5' phosphodiester linkages.     

Multivehicle reconnaissance route and sensor planning

A novel approach is described for the real-time coordination of multivehicle teams to perform reconnaissance and surveillance missions. Our approach incorporates a powerful algorithmic framework, which we have used to develop dynamic route and sensor planning algorithms for multivehicle team coordination. Furthermore, this framework allows the development of a class of algorithms to match the extent of communication and coordination permissible for the particular mission. We have implemented a prototype of this framework and presented results for the case when full coordination between the teammates is allowed.     

用分级淬火油来控制工件变形

用分级淬火油来控制工件变形好富顿国际公司Ｒ．Ｊ．ＢＲＥＮＮＡＮ分级淬火油这个名词是１９４２年首先提出来的。它是指将钢件由奥氏体状态放到温度比Ｍｓ略高一点的介质中进行淬火。钢件放在其中的时间恰好使各部分温度平衡，随后放在空气中冷却，从而减少表面和芯部转...