Impact of rain on wave retrieval from Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar images in tropical cyclones

The main objective of our work was to investigate the impact of rain on wave observations from C-band (~5.3 GHz) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) in tropical cyclones. In this study, 10 Sentinel-1 SAR images were available from the Satellite Hurricane Observation Campaign, which were taken under cyclonic conditions during the 2016 hurricane season. The third-generation wave model, known as Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN) (version 41.31), was used to simulate the wave fields corresponding to these Sentinel-1 SAR images. In addition, rainfall data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission satellite passing over the spatial coverage of the Sentinel-1 SAR images were collected. The simulated results were validated against significant wave heights (SWHs) from the Jason-2 altimeter and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts data, revealing a root mean square error (RMSE) of ~0.5 m with a 0.25 scatter index. Winds retrieved from the VH-polarized Sentinel-1 SAR images using the Sentinel-1 Extra Wide-swath Mode Wind Speed Retrieval Model after Noise Removal were taken as prior information for wave retrieval. It was discovered that rain did indeed affect the SAR wave retrieval, as evidenced by the 3.21-m RMSE of SWHs between the SAR images and the SWAN model, which was obtained for the ~1000 match-ups with raindrops. The raindrops dampened the wave retrieval when the rain rate was < ~5 mm/hr; however, they enhanced wave retrieval for higher rain rates. It was also found that the portion of the rain-induced ring wave with a wave number > 0.05 rad/m (~125 m wavelength) was clearly observed in the SAR-derived wave spectra.     

ERP在航天制造部门的实施初探

ERP是一种先进的生产管理系统,航天产品“小批量、多品种”的生产特点为ERP的实施提出了新的需求。文章介绍了ERP的特点、实施目的并根据航天某小型制造部门的生产特点,提出了实施措施及建议。只要各方协同努力,ERP在航天制造部门是能够成功发挥其应有作用的。     

A bioreactor system for the nitrogen loop in a Controlled Ecological Life Support System.

As space missions become longer in duration, the need to recycle waste into useful compounds rises dramatically. This problem can be addressed by the development of Controlled Ecological Life Support Systems (CELSS) (i.e., Engineered Closed/Controlled Eco-Systems (ECCES)), consisting of human and plant modules. One of the waste streams leaving the human module is urine. In addition to the reclamation of water from urine, recovery of the nitrogen is important because it is an essential nutrient for the plant module. A 3-step biological process for the recycling of nitrogenous waste (urea) is proposed. A packed-bed bioreactor system for this purpose was modeled, and the issues of reaction step segregation, reactor type and volume, support particle size, and pressure drop were addressed. Based on minimization of volume, a bioreactor system consisting of a plug flow immobilized urease reactor, a completely mixed flow immobilized cell reactor to convert ammonia to nitrite, and a plug flow immobilized cell reactor to produce nitrate from nitrite is recommended. It is apparent that this 3-step bioprocess meets the requirements for space applications.     

八丝热线探针制作及其应用

介绍了八丝热线探针的制作工艺,有效地消除了各热丝探头之间的电信号干扰和动力学干扰。实验中使用该探针检测到了湍流边界层内的大尺度旋涡,并测量了它们的强度和尺度。与此同时还获得了速度、湍流强度和功率谱等流场参数,结果与现有典型数据一致。说明本文所述的多丝热线探针具有很强的实用性。     

从典型微机遥测站看遥测技术的发展

分析国外典型微机遥测站的技术特点后 ,认为微机遥测站的核心是利用微软公司的商品化软件 ,应全面考虑发展遥测系统软件。我国发展微机遥测技术时 ,应把注意力放在软件上。     

基于DSP BUILDER的数字下变频器设计

介绍利用DSP BU ILDER设计基于FPGA的数字下变频器的方法,研究使用专用乘法器的NCO设计、半波带滤波器多相抽取处理结构和FIR滤波器的分布式算法,同时给出实际应用的设计方案和仿真分析结果。     

均布压力作用各向异性矩形薄板大挠度问题

基于冯·卡门模型，选择中心挠度为摄动参数，利用摄动方法将正交异性矩形薄板大挠问题的非线性偏微分方程组逐级线性化，导出了各级摄动对应的几个线性偏微分方程组，然后再借助变分法求解，得到了均布载荷作用下正交异性矩形薄板的载荷-挠度曲线。     

航天飞机再入大气层三维机动飞行的最大过载和热流峰值

本文研究了航天飞机再入大气层三维机动飞行时所产生的最大过载及驻点的热流峰值,提出了一种计算最大过载及热流峰值的解析方法。在一阶近似运动方程的基础上,建立了最大过载、热流峰值与航天飞机的升阻比、再入角、滚转角等参数之间的解析关系式,由之可简便地确定最大过载与热流峰值。文中分析了升阻比、再入角等参数对过载和热流的影响,并与再入三维轨道精确解的相应值作了对比,表明此种解法具有一定的精度,可供再入三维轨道特性的分析及航天飞机的初步设计阶段使用。     

液体火箭发动机环境因子的Bayes估计

基于液体火箭发动机的寿命服从威布尔分布的条件,假定天地试验环境下威布尔分布的形状参数不变,运用Bayes方法对weibull分布天地实验条件下的环境因子进行分析,给出了环境因子在平方损失下的Bayes估计,并与极大似然估计法进行比较,通过仿真实例验证了该方法的有效性。     

一类统一的零(低)相关序列构造方法

基于自相关理想序列和正交矩阵建立一类统一的具有零(低)相关区的扩频序列构造方法,并对其相关特性进行分析和证明。该类方法可通过序列和矩阵的任意选取,统一地构造二元、三元、多相、复数的ZCZ(LCZ)序列集,且构造简单、形式统一,通用性更好,适用于准同步CDMA(QS-CDMA)系统。