矩形拓扑曲线网格上G~1有理插值曲面的构造

就矩形拓扑曲线网格上的Ｇ￣１有理曲面插值问题作了研究,提出了一种在空间矩形拓扑曲线网格上构造有理插值曲面的方法。进而给出了一种曲面内部形状可调而边界连接条件不受影响的有理曲线网格插值方法。此法无需考虑内网点处的扭矢协调问题及求解连续性方程,其最终产生的曲面自然达到Ｇ￣１连续。     

交互外形设计中的有理插值方法

在CAGD中,构造光滑曲线通过给定的二维或三维点集是非常重要的问题。广泛釆用的方法是Hermite技术,但是依照这种方法,插值曲线的形状过多地依赖于切矢的模长,且形状的修改不能依几何的方式交互完成。本文提出了一种结合交互技术和插值技术于一体的曲线插值方法,插值基函数为有理函数,在此基础上讨论了形状参数在几何修形中的作用,     

20kHz下TC17钛合金超高周疲劳性能研究

应用基于压电超声疲劳试验技术开发的20kHz弯曲疲劳试验系统,完成了室温下TC17合金超高周疲劳试验.结果表明:在疲劳循环大于107周次时,试样仍会发生疲劳断裂,疲劳强度随循环次数的增加而下降,并不存在明显的疲劳极限.TC17合金的应力-寿命(S-N)曲线在107~109周次的范围内为连续下降型.光学显微镜发现,TC17合金的疲劳破坏主要起源于试样表面.当存在夹杂物时,疲劳裂纹从距离表面很近的夹杂物处萌生,能谱分析表明夹杂物的成分主要是铝的氧化物.      

THE CLUSTER ION SPECTROMETRY (CIS) EXPERIMENT

The Cluster Ion Spectrometry (CIS) experiment is a comprehensive ionic plasma spectrometry package on-board the four Cluster spacecraft capable of obtaining full three-dimensional ion distributions with good time resolution (one spacecraft spin) with mass per charge composition determination. The requirements to cover the scientific objectives cannot be met with a single instrument. The CIS package therefore consists of two different instruments, a Hot Ion Analyser (HIA) and a time-of-flight ion COmposition and DIstribution Function analyser (CODIF), plus a sophisticated dual-processor-based instrument-control and Data-Processing System (DPS), which permits extensive on-board data-processing. Both analysers use symmetric optics resulting in continuous, uniform, and well-characterised phase space coverage. CODIF measures the distributions of the major ions (H⁺, He⁺, He⁺⁺, and O⁺) with energies from ~0 to 40 keV/e with medium (22.5°) angular resolution and two different sensitivities. HIA does not offer mass resolution but, also having two different sensitivities, increases the dynamic range, and has an angular resolution capability (5.6° × 5.6°) adequate for ion-beam and solar-wind measurements.     

一种基于双向线性插值的求交算法及其应用

提出了一种基于双向线性插值原理的参数曲面与平面求交方法,并应用它来求解零件曲面偏置表面与导动平面的交线,处理偏置表面的非唯一性问题,最终生成一条高效而无干涉的ＮＣ加工刀具轨迹。     

弹性载荷设计中插值方法的研究

通过对考虑静气动弹性影响的载荷设计中多种插值方法的研究与比较,对适用于三维情况下的气动和结构模型之间耦合计算时的载荷传递和位移插值方法进行原理分析和优劣比较,最终确定了曲面样条函数和形函数面积坐标加权两种数据传递方法,分别对其进行了公式推导与编程实现,并利用已有的算例模型计算得出的各项气动力数据调用程序进行插值计算,最后将插值前后的结果进行对比来验证程序的合理性。     

权因子、参数变换与有理二次Bezier曲线参数化

正则参数变换不改变参数曲线的形状,但改变了从曲线定义域内的点到曲线上点的映射关系,因而改变了曲线参数化。在形状不变因子不变情况下,如果改变有理二次Ｂｅｚｉｅｒ曲线的权因子,称之为权因子变换,能得到与正则参数变换同样的效果。同时,给出了在有理二次Ｂｅｚｉｅｒ曲线上点与权因子间的关系,并导出了与权因子变换对参数化有同样影响的参数变换公式。     

多级考虑冷气掺混流片变厚度的S_1流面研究

为减少气冷涡轮气动设计难度,提出一套基于多级气冷涡轮考虑冷气掺混及随流道翘曲、变厚度的S1流面计算思路,编制了带冷气的翘曲S1流面薄片计算的参数化方法程序及网格自动生成程序,改良了传统平面薄片,对比分析了改良后平面薄片、翘曲S1流面薄片以及三维计算间差异,对某高压涡轮进行了翘曲S1流面薄片气动优化.结果显示:与三维计算对比,改良后平面薄片最大流量差距为22.68%,翘曲S1流面薄片为3.58%,一维数据上翘曲S1流面薄片更逼近三维计算;型面压力分布及马赫数云图分布上翘曲面S1流面薄片较改良后平面薄片更贴近三维计算;采用翘曲S1流面薄片进行优化后,效率较原始方案提升0.41%,流量较原始方案仅增加0.21%.     

复合材料层板一维穿透脱层的能量释放率

建立了含穿透脱层的正交各向异性层合板在承受面内轴向压缩载荷作用时的一维分析模型。在一阶剪切层板理论的基础上,利用一维可动边界变分问题,结合断裂力学知识导出了脱层扩展的能量释放率G及其分量G_Ⅰ、G_Ⅱ的表达式,且验证了该方法的正确性。通过计算,讨论了外载和脱层长度对能量释放率的影响。     

学科间载荷参数空间插值传递方法

针对多学科优化分析中面面耦合学科网格间载荷传递的问题, 提出了在参数空间中的三次函数插值传递方法.该方法将三维空间的源学科载荷点投影到二维参数空间平面上, 用三次插值函数对目标点载荷进行计算.此方法解决了叶片表面弯曲对载荷传递精度的影响.某涡轮叶片温度传递的结果表明本文的方法具有很高的精度.      

连续旋转爆轰波在无内柱圆筒内的数值模拟

在对同轴圆管内的连续旋转爆轰的已有研究成果进行总结分析后,提出无内柱的连续旋转爆轰的燃烧室模型.利用结合了一步化学反应模型的圆柱坐标系下的Euler方程三维数值模拟了在这种燃烧室内爆轰波的传播行为.数值结果表明:爆轰波由初始起爆的单向传播最终自动收敛稳定到若干个典型爆轰波头的流场结构.在当前进气条件下,流量可以达到450kg/m2s,其基于反应物的比冲约为1900s.与同以H₂/Air作为燃料时同轴连续旋转爆轰发动机(RDE)燃烧室模型的2000s相比,基于反应物的比冲十分接近,但由于内部有可燃气以爆燃形式燃烧等原因,有5%的损失.      

基于径向基函数与混合背景网格的动态网格变形方法

发展了一种基于径向基函数(RBF)插值和混合背景网格映射的动态网格变形方法。混合背景网格由运动物面附近的各向异性网格和偏离运动物面的各向同性网格组成。物面变形或运动后,包含在各向异性背景网格中的所有物面网格点的位移由指定的物面运动规律得到,而各向同性背景网格点的位移通过径向基函数插值获得。然后变形后的计算网格利用计算网格与混合背景网格之间固定的映射关系代数插值得到。各向同性网格距离物面一定的距离,消除了物面保形对径向基函数插值的要求,从而可以减少径向基函数基点的数量,以提高插值的效率和可靠性。最后,通过二维和三维算例对该方法的变形网格质量、参数影响、网格拓扑依赖性、复杂外形变形能力及网格变形效率进行了测试。测试结果表明,该方法能够高效生成大变形下高质量的变形网格。     

Experimental investigation and correlation development of jet impingement heat transfer with two rows of aligned jet holes on an internal surface of a wing leading edge

Extensive experimental studies on the heat transfer characteristics of two rows of aligned jet holes impinging on a concave surface in a wing leading edge were conducted, where50000 Rej 90000, 1.74 H/d 27.5, 66° a 90°, and 13.2 r/d 42.03. The finding was that the heat transfer performance at the jet-impingement stagnation point with two rows of aligned jet holes was the same as that with a single row of jet holes or the middle row of three-row configurations when the circumferential angle of the two jet holes was larger than 30°. The attenuation coefficient distribution of the jet impingement heat transfer in the chordwise direction was so complicated that two zones were divided for a better analysis. It indicated that: the attenuation coefficient curve in the jet impingement zone exhibited an approximate upside-down bell shape with double peaks and a single valley; the attenuation coefficient curve in the non-jet impingement zone was like a half-bell shape, which was similar to that with three rows of aligned jet holes; the factors,including Rej, H/d and r/d, affected the attenuation coefficient value at the valley significantly.When r/d was increased from 30.75 to 42.03, the attenuation rates of attenuation coefficient increased only by 1.8%. Consequently, experimental data-based correlation equations of the Nusselt number for the heat transfer at the jet-impingement stagnation point and the distributionof the attenuation coefficient in the chordwise direction were acquired, which play an important role in designing the wing leading edge anti-icing system with two rows of aligned jet holes.     

Evolution into contact of the low-mass close binary systems

We investigated the effect of mass accretion on the secondary components in close binomy systems (M _total ≤ 2.5 M _⊙ M _2,0 ≤ 0.75 M _⊙) exchanging mass in the case A. The evolution of the low-mass close binary systems (M _total ≤ 2.5 M _⊙) exchanging the mass in the case A depends on the three main factors:

-the initial mass ratio (q ₀ = M _2,0/M _1,0), which determines the rate of mass transfer between components;

-the inital mass of the secondary component (M _2,0) and

-the effectiveness of the heating of the photosphere of the secondary component, by infalling matter.

The second factor allows to divide all systems into two essentially different groups:

1. systems in which the secondary component is a star with a radiative envelope, or with a thin convection zone in the uppermost layers;
2. and systems in which secondary component has a thick convective envelope or is fully convective.

The systems from the first group evolve into contact in a characteristic time scale 10⁵ – 10⁷ years, and reach contact after transfering of 0.03 – 0.3 M _⊙. The mass exchange proceeds only in a thermal time scale. For the systems from the group b the effectiveness of the heating of the stellar surface is the most important. In the case when the entropy of the newly accreted matter is the same as the surface entropy of the secondary, a convective star should shrink upon accretion. Then contact binaries are not formed. In the case when the entropy of the infalling matter is greater then that on the surface, the reaction of the secondary is different. The radius of the secondary component grows rapidly in response to accretion, and the systems reaches contact after the 10³ – 3 10⁶ years, and after transfer of 0.002 – 0.2. M _⊙. The reaction of the secondary is determined by the formation of the temperature inversion layer below the stellar surface. Full references in: Sarna, M.J. and Fedorova, A.V. (1988) “Evolutionary status of W UMa-type Binaries — Evolution into contact”, Astron. Astrophys., in press.     

连续短线段空间圆弧转接与插补

针对连续短线段高速加工控制需求,研究了利用空间圆弧转接实现高速插补的方法。建立了圆弧转接数学模型,研究了转接的几何约束和运动约束、转接参数计算、空间圆弧插补等相关理论与算法,并详细分析了算法的使用范围、效率制约因素和计算量等工程实现相关问题。仿真和加工实验表明:该转接算法能显著提高加工效率,减小振动,改善工件表面质量。作为空间圆弧转接算法基础的空间圆弧插补算法对空间任意平面内圆弧插补具有实用价值。本文所有算法已经在自主研发的数控平台上进行了验证,应用效果良好。     

一种加速的参数化模型降阶方法

参数化模型降阶(PMOR)方法离线阶段训练数据的过程比较耗时,因此提出了一种加速方法。在基于矩阵插值的PMOR方法的基础上,采用组合近似的重分析技术对基于振型向量的模型降阶(MOR)过程进行加速,利用初始刚度分解矩阵生成迭代计算基向量以对系统矩阵降阶,通过降阶矩阵生成参数化模型的振型向量,对参数空间上的采样点重复整个加速计算过程生成离线数据库。并以电磁振动台动圈为例,采用普通方法和加速方法对均布采样样本点展开仿真研究,结果表明,在保证所构建的离线模型数据库准确度的前提下,此方法能减少80%以上的MOR计算时间,且随着采样点的增多,增速越明显,可以大幅度提高参数化降阶模型离线训练效率。      

一类有理保形插值

给出了一个适用于一般数据集的有理保形插值函数。它不仅具有插值函数的形式简单、参数易于选取等特点,而且其C~2保形插值的参数可以很方便地求得,而不必求解非线性方程组。在给出C~k类函数(k=1,…,4)的Hermite插值的最佳误差估计的基础上,本文得到了一般数据集的保形插值的误差估计;作为其推论,又得到了对严格凸函数的保凸插值的误差估计。本文中C~1和C~2保形插值的参数仍可在一定范围内自由选取。故可利用其适当调整曲线的形状,使之更符合设计要求;或利用参数的适当选取以获得较好的逼近阶。提出的有理保形插值已用于正在开发的微机CAD并行系统。     

迎风面三维积冰过程中水膜流动的计算方法

对影响迎风面三维积冰过程的冰层表面水膜流动进行分析,建立描述其流动的数学模型,引入在流动前锋下游预设薄水膜的方法处理其在表面干区的流动推进过程,提出超过临界厚度的水膜被吹除的方法处理角状冰下游局部水膜被吹离表面的现象.通过对翼型-平板结构中翼型上的冰形对比和水膜流动规律分析,验证了该水膜流动数学模型的合理性和计算方法的可行性.研究表明:与Messinger模型相比,积冰模型中引入水膜流动后,可以较好地模拟三维明冰积冰,同时明冰极限的模拟结果也更接近试验值;冰层表面的水膜厚度约为10-5m,流动速度约为10-2m/s.      

基于三次样条的平面多值曲线的绘制

用三次样条插值函数不易直接绘制平面内的多值曲线。根据平面内已知的n个坐标对（x,y），本文选择已知点折线的累积长度为参数方程的参数，然后用三次样条函数建立参数方程，从而求解平面内的多值曲线。实践证明了这一多值曲线绘制的正确性和有效性。