共固化成型复合材料加筋壁板的固化变形仿真技术研究

针对共固化成型的复合材料加筋壁板,建立了固化变形模拟计算流程,并开展了T800碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料工形加筋壁板的固化变形预测,数值预测结果与试验测试结果吻合较好,验证了计算方法的合理性;基于模拟计算,进一步分析了温度工艺参数包括升/降温速率、保温时间等以及结构尺寸参数包括长桁宽度、高度和圆角半径等对加筋壁板固化变形...     

双面贴补层合板压缩屈曲渐进损伤分析

贴补复合材料层合板在压缩载荷作用下的屈曲破坏强度及其损伤演化过程对于复合材料结构修理具有重要意义。本文基于应变和黏聚区模型(CZM)建立了贴补复合材料层合板的渐进损伤分析模型,引入复合材料与胶层的损伤判据和刚度退化方案,计算了结构屈曲强度。数值仿真结果和实验数据吻合较好,验证了模型的有效性。基于该模型,采用非线性有限元方法研究了压缩载荷下双面贴补复合材料层合板的屈曲损伤演化过程,并讨论了补片参数对结构屈曲强度的影响。研究结果表明:双面贴补复合材料层合板屈曲后,处于拉伸和压缩状态下的铺层中的损伤程度存在差异;增大补片直径与厚度可以在一定程度上提高双面贴补复合材料层合板的屈曲强度。     

A novel virtual material layer model for predicting natural frequencies of composite bolted joints

A novel virtual material layer model based on the fractal theory was proposed to predict the natural frequencies of carbon fiber reinforced plastic composite bolted joints. Rough contact surfaces of composite bolted joints are modeled with this new proposed approach. Numerical and experimental modal analyses were conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed model. A good consistence is noted between the numerical and experimental results. To demonstrate the necessity of accurately modeling the rough contact surfaces in the prediction of natural frequencies, virtual material layer model was compared with the widely used traditional model based on the Master-Slave contact algorithm and experiments, respectively. Results show that the proposed model has a better agreement with experiments than the widely used traditional model (the prediction accuracy is raised by 8.77% when the pre-tightening torque is 0.5 N∙m). Real contact area ratio A* of three different virtual material layers were calculated. Value of A* were discussed with dimensionless load P*, fractal dimension D and fractal roughness G. This work provides a new efficient way for accurately modeling the rough contact surfaces and predicting the natural frequencies of composite bolted joints, which can be used to help engineers in the dynamic design of composite materials.     

一种单晶涡轮叶片热机械疲劳寿命评估方法

针对单晶涡轮叶片热机械疲劳(TMF)问题,围绕单晶涡轮叶片TMF试验,结合单晶变形、损伤理论及数值模拟,建立了一套单晶涡轮叶片TMF寿命评估方法.利用空心气冷涡轮叶片TMF试验系统,对单晶涡轮片考核截面在服役条件下所产生的交变应力场和交变温度场进行模拟,确定了裂纹萌生部位及其TMF寿命.考虑单晶涡轮叶片变形和损伤行为的特征,分别建立了基于滑移系的Walker黏塑性本构模型和基于临界平面的循环损伤累积(CDA)模型.利用上述本构和寿命模型,完成了单晶涡轮叶片TMF试验的数值模拟.结果表明:叶片理论危险点与试验结果一致,且计算寿命基本落在试验寿命的3倍分散带内.      

AZ31镁合金板热成形中的屈服和损伤:本构实现与数值分析

为了准确预测各向异性镁合金板的成形质量,将改进的GTN损伤模型与各向异性拉压不对称的CPB06屈服本构耦合,并考虑了屈服面形状随塑性应变累积的变化,得到了考虑本构参数随塑性应变演化的各向异性屈服CPB06-GTN损伤模型。基于该模型,在ABAQUS/Explict中编译得到了相应的VUMAT子程序,采用单个单元进行了单轴拉伸和压缩模拟,并通过与实验一致性对比验证了子程序的正确性。使用子程序不仅能够模拟镁合金的各向异性屈服及其不规则的硬化,同时也能够模拟镁合金的损伤破坏。此外,采用编写的子程序进行了热拉深成形的数值模拟,模拟预测与实验结果对比表明,采用各向异性损伤模型的计算结果能够准确预测镁合金的变形及其损伤破坏,模拟结果与实验数据吻合;采用合适的压边力和成形的温度条件及非等温成形方法能够提高镁合金的成形性。     

后掠翼边界层横流不稳定转捩预测模型

通过对经典Falkner-Skan-Cooke三维边界层相似解的理论分析和数值求解,结合二维边界层转捩判据的思想,采用由试验数据标定的C1准则关系式求解横流不稳定转捩位移厚度雷诺数,建立了针对固定前缘后掠角机翼的横流转捩判据,并且通过方程求解和数据拟合得到了该转捩判据的数学结果.应用该模型对30°前缘后掠角的ONERA-M6机翼和45°前缘后掠角的NLF(2)-0415无限展长机翼进行了横流不稳定转捩数值模拟.模拟结果显示:改进后的转捩模型预测所得到的转捩位置精度较高,均与后掠翼横流试验数据吻合较好,从而证明了构建的横流不稳定转捩判据的合理性和实用性.      

自由阻尼梁高频能量流响应的解析模型

针对自由阻尼梁的高频振动问题,基于波动理论提出了大阻尼复合结构的能量流解析模型。利用等效复刚度方法确定了完全自由阻尼梁结构的等效弯曲刚度和损耗因子,基于能量流分析方法构建了结构的能量密度控制方程,求解了结构的高频能量流响应。分析了弯曲波在阻尼结构耦合处的能量传递特性,构建了局部自由阻尼梁的高频能量流解析模型,预测了大阻尼耦合结构的高频振动特性。数值结果表明,提出的能量流解析解与经典的时空平均波动解一致逼近,因而能够精确地预测自由阻尼梁等大阻尼复合结构的高频能量流响应。     

A point cloud deep neural network metamodel method for aerodynamic prediction

Aiming to reduce the high expense of 3-Dimensional (3D) aerodynamics numerical simulations and overcome the limitations of the traditional parametric learning methods, a point cloud deep learning non-parametric metamodel method is proposed in this paper. The 3D geometric data, corresponding to the object boundaries, are chosen as point clouds and a deep learning neural network metamodel fed by the point clouds is further established based on the PointNet architecture. This network can learn an end-to-end mapping between spatial positions of the object surface and CFD numerical quantities. With the proposed aerodynamic metamodel approach, the point clouds are constructed by collecting the coordinates of grid vertices on the object surface in a CFD domain, which can maintain the boundary smoothness and allow the network to detect small changes between geometries. Moreover, the point clouds are easily accessible from 3D sensors. The point cloud deep learning neural network, which employs re-sampling technique, the spatial transformer network and the fully connected layer, is developed to predict the aerodynamic characteristics of 3D geometry. The effectiveness of the proposed metamodel method is further verified by aerodynamic prediction and robust shape optimization of the ONERA M6 wing. The results show that the proposed method can achieve more satisfactory agreement with the experimental measurements compared to the parametric-learning-based deep neural network.     

压气机初始设计中端区堵塞模型的建立和数值验证

根据扩张管道边界层理论,从边界层动量积分关系式出发,提出了用于轴流压气机初始设计的端壁区堵塞发展模型。应用该模型,可以在初始设计阶段方便地预测压气机端壁区堵塞的发展。通过对轴流压气机扩压叶栅的数值模拟,将模型预测值与数值模拟结果进行对比分析,验证了该模型的准确性和适用性。     

固化工艺影响L形复合材料制件固化变形研究

通过数值模拟方法,利用ABAQUS有限元仿真软件,模拟含R角的复合材料构件的固化过程.根据已有的固化工艺,比较不同工艺条件对复合材料构件固化过程中的温度场和固化度场及变形的影响.结果表明,合理地降低固化工艺温度和固化冷却速率可以减少残余应力的积累,缓解固化变形.     

薄壁件周铣切削力建模与表面误差预测方法研究

薄壁件加工变形是影响加工精度与质量的关键因素,而切削力建模则是预测表面加工误差的基础。针对两种典型的切削力模型,系统地研究了薄壁件周铣加工过程中切削力变化及表面变形误差分布的有限元计算方法,提出了基于三维非规则网格的刀具/工件变形的耦合迭代格式以及恒定网格下材料去除效应的变刚度处理方法等关键技术,仿真过程充分考虑了切屑厚度变化及不同切削参数对预测结果的影响。以典型钛合金航空材料构件为例,数值计算结果与实验参考数据比较表明,两种切削力模型对同一切削过程的预测均具有很好的一致性。     

标准的与非线性的k-ε模型在二维剪切流中的应用

 采用标准 k-ε和非线性 k-ε模型对二维直通道及小曲率弯道中的剪切流进行了数值计算。与实验结果对比后得到 :由于非线性 k-ε模型考虑了流体变形与应力关系中的非线性项,因而能正确地反映湍流各向异性,能正确预测二维剪切流中湍流强度及湍流动能等参数的分布     

轴流压气机中喘振和旋转失速的数值模拟

基于轴流压气机逐级过失速特性，建立了多级轴流压气机过失速瞬态，包括喘振或旋转失速的分析模型。发展了分析轴流压气机过失速响应的动态滞后方法，并确定了压气机过失速响应的统一时间滞后常数。对一实验轴流压气机的过失速瞬态进行了数值模拟，与实验结果的一致性较好。     

一种多寿命件机会更换策略启发式搜索算法

针对多寿命件机会更换问题缺乏快速有效求解算法的难题,提出了一种启发式搜索算法。以全生命周期寿命件总成本最低为优化目标,建立了多寿命件机会更换问题优化模型,将问题解空间表达为树结构;为了提高搜索算法的效率,提出了子节点生成方法和单层节点数量控制方法;在此基础上,提出了启发式搜索算法;最后,采用数值实验和应用案例对提出算法进行了评估和验证。结果表明:算法的消耗时间、求解效果与子节点生成系数α、单层节点最大数量β存在关系;当选取合适的α和β时,算法能够在较短时间内取得较好的效果;算法能够适用于设备总寿命为200000时间单位、包含100个寿命件的较大规模的多寿命件机会更换问题。      

细观力学有限元法预测复合材料宏观有效弹性模量

基于能量等效原理提出了复合材料有效弹性模量的定义，并指出了该定义的基础及前提条件。为从理论上计算复合材料宏观有效弹性模量，建立了通过细观力学有限元法计算复合材料有效弹性模量的方法。复合材料宏观弹性模量，是通过对复合材料细观结构代表性体积元的力学响应的计算来得到，在该计算方法中，给出了施加简便的边界载荷以及恰当的边界变形约束条件的方法。数值计算结果与部分试验结果具有较好的一致性，表明所提出的方法能够较好地计算复合材料的宏观有效弹性模量。     

Form-finding methods for deployable mesh reflector antennas

Deployable high-frequency mesh reflector antennas for future communications and obser- vations are required to obtain high gain and high directivity. In order to support these new missions, reflectors with high surface accuracy are widely required. The form-finding analysis of deployable mesh reflector antennas becomes more vital which aims to determine the initial surface profile formed by the equilibrium prestress distribution in cables to satisfy the surface accuracy requirement. In this paper, two form-finding methods for mesh reflector antennas, both of which include two steps, are pro- posed. The first step is to investigate the prestress design only for the cable net structure as the circum- ferential nodes connected to the supporting truss are assumed fixed. The second step is to optimize the prestress distribution of the boundary cables connected directly to the supporting truss considering the elastic deformation of the antenna structure. Some numerical examples are carried out and the simulation results demonstrate the proposed form-finding methods can warrant the deformed antenna reflector surface matches the one by design and the cable tension forces fall in a specified range.     

转捩模式与转捩准则预测高超声速边界层流动

对原始的k-ω-γ转捩模式和"层流+转捩准则"模型进行了改进,在2种方法中分别增加了横流模态时间尺度和横流转捩准则用于预测横流失稳诱导转捩。通过对网格预处理可并行计算获得边界层外缘信息以及边界层内横流速度。采用不同雷诺数条件下的0°攻角尖锥以及HIFiRE-5外形对2种方法预测高超声速边界层转捩的性能进行了比较分析。研究结果表明,2种方法均能正确反映高超声速边界层转捩起始位置和转捩区长度随雷诺数的变化趋势,但不能捕捉转捩区热流峰值;"层流+转捩准则"模型计算得到的传热系数在全湍流区较k-ω-γ转捩模式偏高。对于同时存在流向不稳定和横流不稳定的HIFiRE-5外形,改进的k-ω-γ转捩模式和改进的"层流+转捩准则"模型相比于原始的模型均能更加准确地预测中心线两侧横流失稳诱导形成的转捩;对于中心线附近因速度剖面拐点引起的边界层转捩,"层流+转捩准则"模型由于与边界层厚度相关,预测得到的转捩位置较试验结果靠前,k-ω-γ转捩模式与试验结果吻合很好。     

炭化层疏松/致密结构的三元乙丙烧蚀模型

分析了烧蚀发动机和高过载烧蚀发动机实验得到EPDM(三元乙丙)的炭化层结构,获得烧蚀过程炭化层结构形成变化的机理,建立了考虑疏松致密结构的多孔炭化层物理模型.模型中炭化层为非均质的多孔可渗透介质,孔隙内部存在气体扩散和热化学反应;炭化层中热解气体沉积效应形成致密结构.在多孔介质流动与传热算法基础上建立了模拟绝热材料烧蚀过程的数值方法,计算得到的炭化率、质量烧蚀率和炭化层的多孔结构与实验结果相吻合,证明了本烧蚀模型能够准确地描述绝热材料的热化学烧蚀过程,并为耦合烧蚀模型的建立提供数值算法基础.      

Multiaxial fatigue life prediction of composite laminates

A study of composite laminates under tension–torsion biaxial loading is presented. The focus is placed on fatigue lives of composite laminates under different tension–torsion biaxial fatigue loading paths. A macro-meso model used to predict multiaxial fatigue life of composite laminates is also presented in this paper. Firstly, a macro-scale 3D RVE corresponding to composite laminates is established to determine strain components in the material principal direction of each layer for each biaxial stress ratio. Secondly, a meso-scale 3D RVE corresponding to each layer with fibers distributed randomly is established, with progressive damage prediction method, biaxial strength of composite laminates can be predicted, and the final failure layer can be confirmed. Thirdly, select any one of fatigue loading path at which the final failure of composite laminates is fiber failure (matrix failure) to establish the reference curve for fiber (matrix). Finally, with reference curve, fatigue life of composite laminates under any biaxial loading path can be predicted. And numerical results show good agreements with experimental data.     

Plastic deformation analysis and forming quality prediction of tube NC bending

Plane strain assumption and exponent hardening law are used to investigate the plastic deformation in tube bending. Some theoretical formulae including stress, curvature radius of neu-tral layer, angle of neutral layer deviation, bending moment, wall thickness variation and cross-section distortion, are developed to explain the phenomena in tube bending and their magnitudes are also determined. During unloading process, the springback angle is deduced using the virtual work principle, and springback radius is also given according to the length of the neutral layer which remains unchanged before and after springback. The theoretical formulae are validated by the experimental results or the validated simulation results in literature, which can be used to quickly predict the forming quality of tube numerical control (NC) bending.