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1.
低轨航天器中继测控终端固定宽波束天线覆盖研究   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
《航天器工程》2015,(2):81-86
数据中继卫星运行在地球静止轨道,可作为低轨航天器在地面站视距外测控通信的数据中继接力。针对中继小型测控终端的需求,文章设计了两种不同的固定安装的宽波束中继终端天线,一种为简单锥形波束,另一种为赋形的复杂环锥形波束。结合低轨航天器不同倾角的轨道特性和终端天线不同的方向图类型,应用STK卫星仿真软件进行了不同组合的链路仿真分析,给出了不同轨道倾角的航天器与中继卫星长时间建立链路的最优天线方向图及其设计特性。链路仿真的参数包括总的建立链路时间、建立链路的次数及建立链路的区域等,仿真结果对于低轨中继终端的应用具有重要的指导意义。  相似文献   

2.
从载人航天器测控与通信分系统链路资源出发,提出了基于地面S频段测控及导航信号接收链路全向覆盖,宽波束中继链路自主组阵,窄波束中继天线自主跟踪的测控与通信分系统安全工作模式,确保任何情况下测控通信链路都能够稳定建立,特别是在载人航天器出现异常掉电又恢复后,测控与通信分系统能够自动恢复高、低速天地链路,确保载人航天器安全工作。该模式设计经过地面测试验证和在轨飞行验证,既能够满足正常飞行时链路余量大于3 dB的要求,又有效减少了紧急情况下载人航天器对地面的依赖,取得了良好的在轨应用效果。  相似文献   

3.
正神舟十一号飞船成功发射后,要确保与地面通信的实时畅通,就必须依靠中国航天科技集团公司五院西安分院研制的中继终端。通过与中继卫星天链一号实现"太空握手",中继终端成为天基测控的重要终端。中继终端的应用,使我国的天基测控通信得以成为现实,从而在太空中搭建了地面与卫星,卫星与飞船之间的"天路"。当神舟十一号飞船进入预定飞行轨道时,中继终端将计算出中继终端天线的指向数据。之后,中继终端中的转动设备将天线指向中继卫星天链一号,这样  相似文献   

4.
根据中继卫星的定点位置,对我国中继卫星-空间站的几何覆盖率进行了分析,并对提高空间站中继测控覆盖率的途径进行了研究,提出了一种采用不同舱段的2副中继天线融合使用,并通过调整天线安装布局提高中继测控覆盖率的方法。经理论分析和仿真验证,该方法能够有效地提高空间站中继测控覆盖率,可为我国空间站中继天线的安装布局设计提供参考。  相似文献   

5.
针对空间站工程复杂交会对接任务,梳理支持复杂交会对接任务的星间链路需求,提出一种基于物理层、链路层和应用层的分层架构式的星间链路设计,支持空间站工程的前向、后向和径向的交会对接任务,解决传统星间链路无法支持径向交会对接任务的问题。针对星间链路,分别设计采用扩频、非扩频通信体制的物理层,里德-所罗门(RS)编码的分包传输的链路层,以及针对各类信息流的应用层传输协议和自主控制策略。文章提出的星间链路设计经过神舟十二号、十三号载人飞船与天和核心舱的在轨交会对接任务验证,具备通信距离远、传输带宽高、抗干扰能力强和支持复杂交会对接任务的优点。  相似文献   

6.
如何建立天地间的信号传输和通信,实现对地面信号的测控与通信,在这其中,中国航天科技集团公司五院西安分院为神舟十号飞船承担研制的中继用户终端发挥了重要作用. 在此次神舟十号和天宫一号的载人交会对接任务过程中,神舟十号航天员面向青少年进行了科普讲座.  相似文献   

7.
近年来,已有多种临近空间飞行器利用中继卫星实现了天基测控通信,但由于采用预规划、预分配的模式,无法满足突发通信需求。针对此问题,文章提出了一种引导式天基测控应用设想,即采用宽波束链路传输飞行状态短信息引导建立窄波束高速数传链路,用于进行业务数据高速传输。该设想兼有宽波束链路覆盖范围大、窄波束链路数传能力强的优点。通过典型场景对其可行性和实时性进行分析,结果表明:具备宽、窄波束链路终端的临近空间飞行器,相比使用传统预规划、预分配的测控模式,能实现引导式全流程柔性控制,解决临近空间飞行器"随遇接入、按需服务"的天基测控需求,提高天基测控的应用效能。  相似文献   

8.
李瑭  刘保国  汤达  张谦谦 《上海航天》2023,40(5):134-139
空间站时代为测控(TT&C)通信系统带来保障时间更长、覆盖要求更高、数据传输能力更强、航天员在轨工作生活体验更好等新的挑战,结合中继卫星系统(TDRSS)、卫星导航系统等天基测控通信手段的能力特点,提出以天基手段为主的解决方案,采用多星多舱段接力模式,将航天员出舱等重大活动的测控通信覆盖率提升至接近100%,采用多星多目标工作模式,较好地保障各种交会对接模式,综合利用中继卫星S频段多址(SMA)链路连续业务、短报文业务和北斗短报文业务常态化保障空间站安全运行,应用天地一体网络化技术,为航天员在轨上网、天地通信和载荷实验数据传输提供优质服务。  相似文献   

9.
梳理了国内外空间站天基测控通信应用的概况,针对近地载人航天对测控通信系统的高要求,分析提出中继卫星系统的发展建议,以及导航卫星和低轨卫星星座系统的特点优势。调整中继卫星轨位、增加中继激光链路、采用全景波束全时监控模式,以及导航卫星和低轨卫星星座作为必要补充等途径,可为载人航天测控通信提供更好的灵活性、可用性和效费比。为载人航天天基测控通信发展提供了参考依据。  相似文献   

10.
中继测控链路计算是进行中继测控链路性能分析的重要手段。就任意可视弧段而言,中继终端和中继卫星之间的相对位置都是不断变化的,这就引起部分链路参数随着时间和位置动态变化。文章提出了一种中继链路动态分析与计算的方法,建立了中继链路动态通信方程,最后以中继终端和天链一号01星某仿真可视弧段为例,进行了中继链路的动态分析与计算。结果表明,文章的链路计算与分析方法实际可行,对于中继终端实际工程应用和在轨试验具有参考价值。  相似文献   

11.
中继卫星系统的天基测控通信是近代航天技术的重大突破,它能够有效地满足航天器交会对接的测控通信需要。文章分析了美国"跟踪与数据中继卫星系统"(TDRSS)和欧洲"阿特米斯"(ARTEMIS)中继卫星对"自动转移飞行器"(ATV)与"国际空间站"(ISS)交会对接任务的测控通信支持,总结了国外中继卫星系统支持航天器交会对接...  相似文献   

12.
<正>China’s first manned space docking mission between Shenzhou 9 spaceship and Tiangong1 target spacecraft achieved a complete success when all the three astronauts aboard climbed out of the Shenzhou 9 recoverable capsule in good physical condition on June 29. Jing Haipeng, commander of the Shenzhou 9, climbed out of the  相似文献   

13.
The NASA Radiation Belt Storm Probes (RBSP) mission, currently in Phase B, is a two-spacecraft, Earth-orbiting mission, which will launch in 2012. The spacecraft's S-band radio frequency (RF) telecommunications subsystem has three primary functions: provide spacecraft command capability, provide spacecraft telemetry and science data return, and provide accurate Doppler data for navigation. The primary communications link to the ground is via the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory's (JHU/APL) 18 m dish, with secondary links to the NASA 13 m Ground Network and the Tracking and Data Relay Spacecraft System (TDRSS) in single-access mode. The on-board RF subsystem features the APL-built coherent transceiver and in-house builds of a solid-state power amplifier and conical bifilar helix broad-beam antennas. The coherent transceiver provides coherency digitally, and controls the downlink data rate and encoding within its field-programmable gate array (FPGA). The transceiver also provides a critical command decoder (CCD) function, which is used to protect against box-level upsets in the C&DH subsystem. Because RBSP is a spin-stabilized mission, the antennas must be symmetric about the spin axis. Two broad-beam antennas point along both ends of the spin axis, providing communication coverage from boresight to 70°. An RF splitter excites both antennas; therefore, the mission is designed such that no communications are required close to 90° from the spin axis due to the interferometer effect from the two antennas. To maximize the total downlink volume from the spacecraft, the CCSDS File Delivery Protocol (CFDP) has been baselined for the RBSP mission. During real-time ground contacts with the APL ground station, downlinked files are checked for errors. Handshaking between flight and ground CFDP software results in requests to retransmit only the file fragments lost due to dropouts. This allows minimization of RF link margins, thereby maximizing data rate and thus data volume.  相似文献   

14.
“天宫一号”目标飞行器信息系统作为目标飞行器的重要功能系统,主要完成目标飞行器内部信息管理以及与地面和载人飞船的通信管理,确保目标飞行器的健康和稳定运行,支持目标飞行器各项任务的完成。文章对"天宫一号"目标飞行器信息系统的信息管理策略进行了概述,包括信息管理需求、设计原则、系统组成、主要技术特点以及可靠性安全性设计。“天宫一号”目标飞行器信息系统的信息管理策略经过首次无人和有人交会对接任务验证,满足任务要求,为后续空间站信息系统详细设计奠定了基础。  相似文献   

15.
卢鑫  赵曙光 《上海航天》2004,21(1):38-40,47
分析了宽带码分多址多卫星通用移动电信系统(UMTS)环境前向链路中应用的一些不同分集方案空时码性能。为实现空时Turbo编码调制(STTCM),采用了卷积码(CC)和迭代译码,并在两卫星环境下对不同发送方案进行了模拟。结果显示,在低信噪比(sNR)时,选择式发射分集(STD)的误码率(BER)和误帧率(FER)优于其他方案。随着SNR的增大,空时格码(STTC)(未编码系统)和STTCM(编码系统)的FER最佳。  相似文献   

16.
中国首次交会对接任务的技术成就和展望   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
尚志 《航天器工程》2011,20(6):11-15
首次交会对接任务的成功实施,使中国突破和基本掌握了航天器交会对接及其组合体的控制与管理技术,标志着中国载人航天工程二期任务取得重大突破,为空间实验室及后期空间站的建设奠定了坚实基础。文章对国内外交会对接技术进行了对比,对所取得的技术成就进行了综述,指出任务成功具有提升国家威望、产生广泛社会效益、带动基础学科发展、推动航...  相似文献   

17.
《Acta Astronautica》1987,15(9):703-706
The Mir station of new generation, that was inserted into the orbit on February 20, 1986, went through its systems check during the automatic and man-controlled modes of flight and entered into a new operation phase being permanently manned.The concept of modular space station with six docking units makes it possible to perform docking with manned spacecraft, cargo vehicles and specialized scientific modules, to increase its functional capabilities and to transform the station into a multipurpose permanent orbital complex. Technical capabilities for performing a wide range of experiments, including joint projects for international cooperation program are extended. The main principles that are realized in the new Mir station, as well as scientific problems that are solved during the station operation, are considered in the article.  相似文献   

18.
The NASA Deep Space Network (DSN) has a new requirement to support high-data-rate Category A (Cat A) missions (within 2 million kilometers of the Earth) with simultaneous S-band uplink, S-band downlink and Ka-band downlink. The S-band links are required for traditional telemetry, tracking & command (TT&C) support to the spacecraft, while the Ka-band link is intended for high-data-rate science returns. The new Ka-band system combines the use of proven DSN cryogenic designs, for low system temperature, and high-data-rate capability using commercial telemetry receivers. The initial Cat A support is required for the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) in 2014 and possibly other missions. The upgrade has been implemented into 3 different 34-meter Beam Waveguide (BWG) antennas in the DSN, one at each of the complexes in Canberra (Australia), Goldstone (California) and Madrid (Spain). System test data are presented to show that the requirements were met and the DSN is ready for Cat A Ka-band operational support.  相似文献   

19.
Upcoming space missions utilizing hyperspectral or other high-resolution sensors will generate a vast amount of data in orbit. The average communication duration between a spacecraft in low Earth orbit (LEO) to a dedicated ground station is short and in addition, due to the high amount of data to be transferred at link times, a high-performance communication system on board of the satellite is indispensable.A solution that provides longer acquisition times with the ground station is to employ a high data-rate inter-satellite link to a geostationary relay satellite, which requires a flat, compact, steerable, light-weight yet robust antenna. Such an antenna system (antenna module plus pointing module) was developed for S-Band at the Institute of Astronautics (Technische Universität München), in cooperation with German space companies, research institutes and the German Aerospace Center (DLR). Its successful operation via the geostationary relay satellite Artemis was demonstrated in cooperation with ESA in 2007.This paper describes the evaluation of an antenna system in the Ka-Band, as a successor to be developed in the next two years for high data rates and the various applications of such an antenna system.  相似文献   

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