铸造铝合金波导用可溶性石膏型芯材料

根据铸造铝合金波导成形的基本特征,提出了采用硫酸镁和金属盐B作为可溶性石膏型芯材料的添加剂,研究了添加剂加入量、工艺因素对石膏混合料的影响。指出:硫酸镁可提高高温强度;金属盐B可提高室温干强度;采用烧结方法有利于提高型芯的性能。采用ZS—1可溶性石膏型芯,可铸出内腔尺寸精度和电气性能很高及高等级表面粗糙度的铝合金波导。     

淀粉对氧化铝基陶瓷型芯性能的影响

为了解决氧化铝基陶瓷型芯不易脱芯的难题,加入一定量的淀粉作为成孔剂。以白刚玉粉为基体材料、石蜡和蜂蜡为增塑剂、二氧化硅粉和氧化镁粉为矿化剂,采用热压注法制备氧化铝基陶瓷型芯;制备工艺参数如下：浆料温度为90℃、热压注压力为0.5 MPa、保压时间为25 s;研究不同淀粉加入量对氧化铝基陶瓷型芯性能的影响。结果表明：在烧结过程中,样品中淀粉的烧失,增大了氧化铝基陶瓷型芯内部的孔隙率;随着淀粉加入量的增加,氧化铝基陶瓷型芯的室温抗弯强度降低、显气孔率增大、溶失性增大、体积密度减小;经1560℃烧结2.5 h后,淀粉加入量为8%的氧化铝基陶瓷型芯综合性能最好,其室温抗弯强度为24.8 MPa、显气孔率为47.98%、溶失性为1.92 g/h、体积密度为1.88 g/cm3。     

矿化剂氧化铝的形貌对二氧化硅基陶瓷型芯性能的影响

制备了矿化剂为氧化铝的二氧化硅基陶瓷型芯,研究了矿化剂粉体粒径、形状等形貌特征对陶瓷型芯性能的影响。结果表明:随着氧化铝粉体粒径的增大,浆料流动性逐渐降低,加入氧化铝球形粉有利于改善浆料的充型性能;加入不规则形状氧化铝粉时,随着氧化铝粉体粒径的增大,型芯的烧结收缩率减小;加入球形氧化铝粉时,其粉体形状和粒径大小对收缩率和室温抗弯强度无明显影响,但导致较大的高温变形量。     

基于多种莫来石纤维的硅基陶瓷型芯增强机制及性能研究

分别以多晶、非晶莫来石纤维为增强相制备氧化硅基陶瓷型芯,探究纤维种类对型芯性能的影响。非晶纤维在促进方石英析晶、降低收缩率、提高气孔率方面的效果低于多晶纤维。相比于多晶纤维,非晶纤维具有较多结构缺陷,纤维与基体通过扩散传质形成紧密的结合,显著提高型芯的强度和抗蠕变性能,而且非晶纤维的亚稳态结构在碱性溶液中具有较高的化学活性,使型芯表现出优良的溶蚀性。非晶莫来石纤维质量分数为3%的硅基陶瓷型芯表现出优异的综合性能,其室温弯曲强度达27.7 MPa,高温弯曲强度为22.4 MPa,高温蠕变为0.31 mm,溶蚀率为1.26g/min,能够很好地满足空心叶片的浇注需求。     

镍基合金空心叶片浇铸用硅基陶瓷型芯的制备及性能

采用热压注工艺成型氧化硅基陶瓷型芯。分析焙烧后型芯的化学成分、微观结构、孔隙率、线膨胀系数以及力学性能。结果表明:型芯的孔径呈多峰分布,且主要分布在0.1～5μm之间;从室温至1400℃,型芯的线膨胀系数随温度的升高而减小,在1170～1350℃之间其线膨胀系数下降趋势骤然加剧;经1200℃焙烧制备的陶瓷型芯主晶相为β-方石英相与无定形石英玻璃共存,经1550℃高温2h处理后型芯烧结程度提高,骨架致密度增大,孔结构更加分明,表面及内部裂纹的数量、长度均增大。采用实验室自制的硅基陶瓷型芯进行镍基高温合金单晶空心叶片的浇注实验,结果表明所制备的型芯可以满足单晶叶片精密铸造的要求。     

强化处理对单晶叶片用氧化铝基陶瓷型芯的影响

对一种单晶叶片用的氧化铝基陶瓷型芯材料进行了特定的强化处理，研究其对型芯组织和性能的影响，发现强化后的陶瓷型芯体内形成了片状的莫来石晶体，其线膨胀峰值温度要比未经强化的型芯高出２００℃以上，高温性能得到了显著提高。     

强化处理对单晶叶片用氧化基陶瓷型芯的影响

对一种单晶叶片用的氧化铝基陶瓷型芯材料进行了特定的强化处理，研究其对型芯组织和性能的影响，发现强化后的陶瓷型芯体内形成了片状的莫来石晶全，其线膨胀峰值温度要比未经强化的型芯高出２００℃以上，高温性能得到了显著提高。     

熔模精铸陶瓷型芯的强度测定

本文研究了熔模精铸陶瓷型芯的强度测定方法。结果表明,型芯试样尺寸(h/l)及其在焙烧炉内放置的位置对强度测定值有较大的影响。经过试验确定,选用l=40mm,h/l=1/10的试样为典型试样。试样置于炉内中部、距炉壁40～80mm处焙烧时,其强度偏差值在允许范围之内。试样总长度对偏差值没有大的影响。     

后处理温度对邻苯二甲腈基复合材料高温性能的影响

制备了MT300/邻苯二甲腈复合材料,分析了不同后处理温度对其在室温和400℃下力学性能的影响。结果表明,复合材料的后处理温度由315℃提高到330℃,会使其室温下的弯曲强度和模量明显提高;但继续提高后处理温度至375℃,室温下的弯曲强度则不断下降而弯曲模量未出现显著变化;在400℃的测试温度下,复合材料的弯曲强度、模量和压缩强度则均随后处理温度提升逐步提高。复合材料的室温压缩性能随后处理温度升高呈下降趋势,但在350℃处理后其室温压缩强度又出现明显上升。室温、400℃下层间剪切强度则均随后处理温度由315℃升高至375℃而呈先下降后上升趋势。     

石油磺酸钡对微波吸收涂层的耐腐蚀性能的影响

为提高羰基铁粉微波吸收涂料的耐腐蚀性能,在微波吸收涂料配方中加入缓蚀剂石油磺酸钡。利用中性盐雾实验方法研究石油磺酸钡加入量对涂层抗盐雾性能的影响,分析石油磺酸钡对提高涂层耐盐雾性能的防腐机理,考察石油磺酸钡加入量对涂层力学性能以及微波吸收性能的影响。结果表明,当石油磺酸钡加入量为4.2%(质量分数)时,所制备的涂层的抗盐雾性能有明显提高,在涂层被腐蚀面积为0.1%~0.25%,外观评级为八级时,涂层的盐雾暴露时间达到210h,涂层附着力为4.3MPa,同时涂层的宽频微波吸收性能基本不变。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。