一种基于时标状态的启发式航天器任务规划算法

深空探测领域对实时性要求较高,在较短时间内找到规划解是深空探测自主任务规划中的一个要求,运用启发式规划算法是达到该要求的方法之一。而深空探测自主任务规划的另外一个特点是需要处理持续动作和数值信息。针对深空探测任务特点,采用规划领域定义语言PDDL,建立深空探测领域中知识模型,描述操作中遇到的时间与资源约束;随后应用以条件数为代价的启发式搜索方法对深空探测规划问题进行求解,并将其与TFD规划器中以动作时间为代价的上下文增强累加启发式搜索方法得到的结果进行对比,得出以条件数为代价的启发式搜索方法在搜索速度方面效果更佳,满足深空探测自主规划任务实时性要求。     

基于混合遗传算法车间多工艺路线批量调度

结合启发式分派规则和模拟退火算法,给出了改进的遗传算法——遗传退火算法(GASA,Genetic Algorithm-Simulated Annealing Algorithm).该算法采用新型POX交叉算子,通过结合模拟退火算法,有效地避免了基本遗传算法解决车间调度早熟的问题,并通过实验验证了该算法的有效性.基于GASA研究了航空复杂产品制造车间中,考虑生产批量、生产转换时间、允许多设备加工路线的车间静态与动态调度问题,分析并验证了不同分批方法对考虑以上因素的车间生产调度结果的影响.该算法已应用到某航空车间生产计划与控制系统中.      

基于状态转移图的启发式深空探测器任务规划方法

针对深空探测器复杂系统并行及约束耦合等特点,在时间线描述框架的基础上,引入了状态转移图结构。通过分析探测器任务规划中的耦合约束关系,设计了转移图代价计算方法,并提出了基于状态转移图的启发式任务规划算法。利用转移图设计启发式对无关节点进行剪枝,削减了搜索空间,加速了搜索过程。数值仿真结果表明,该算法能够有效减少不必要的规划步数,提高任务规划的效率。     

基于约束可满足的深空探测任务规划方法研究

基于传统的CSP算法不能充分体现规划过程的特点,讨论了如何将规划中的动作关系映射到CSP结构中,并据此提出了一种以动作为中心的启发式变量选择策略;分析验证了该方法能够显著降低传统CSP变量搜索策略的时间复杂度,同时对于约束编码的规划问题具有一般适用性。仿真实验表明,本文提出的方法减少了约束处理中的冗余操作,有效提高了问题的求解效率,为工程应用奠定了基础。     

考虑物料配送的飞机移动生产线调度问题优化

以飞机移动生产线为实际背景,将作业装配过程调度抽象为资源受限项目调度问题并进行了扩展,引入物料配送与线边存储决策,以及相关能力约束等实际因素,建立了以装配总工期最小化为目标的数学模型。针对模型,设计了一种以遗传算法为框架的启发式算法,其中结合了解生成算法和局部优化搜索算法。在遗传算法较优的全局搜索能力下,通过SCRDS算法综合作业顺序、资源约束、配送能力、线边空间等因素,联合决策作业开始时间、物料配送时间和物料在线边空间的存储位置,提出了两作业间物料摆放位置调整的局部优化搜索算法,对作业开始时间和物料配送时间进行再优化,进一步缩短了装配总工期。利用标准算例库进行了数值实验,实验结果证明了模型与算法的有效性。     

一种求解同顺序Flowshop排序问题的新的启发式算法

在生产调度中经常遇到工件排序问题,这类问题大多属于NP类问题.对此,目前无论在理论上还是在实际应用中,都尚未找到令人满意的一般求解方法.针对NP类问题中的一类--同顺序Flowshop排序问题,进行了广泛而深入的调查和比较研究,在此基础上,提出了一种新的启发式算法(简称为WSH法),并通过大量的数据实验将该算法与目前已知较好的几种算法进行了比较.结果表明,WSH法结构简单,计算效率高,是求解中、小规模问题的较好算法.     

车辆定位与导航系统中的快速路径规划算法

针对车辆定位与导航系统中的最优路径规划问题,研究了最短路径搜索算法的快速实现技术,并提出了一种启发式快速最优路径规划算法.在分析经典迪杰斯特拉最短路径搜索算法的最优实现的基础上,引入基数堆结构缩减了算法的时间复杂度,再利用启发式搜索和地图分级搜索技术减小搜索空间,从而获得最短路径规划算法的高效率实现.仿真试验的结果证明了该算法的优异性能.     

融合粗糙数据推理的离散麻雀搜索算法求解HFSP问题

针对麻雀搜索算法(SSA)易陷入局部最优、无法求解离散优化问题等不足,提出了一种改进离散麻雀搜索算法(IDSSA)。抽象原始麻雀搜索算法的位置更新公式,针对个体的不同身份设计新的离散化启发式位置更新策略,并针对混合流水车间调度问题(HFSP)设计了编码与解码方式;引入粗糙数据推理理论,通过数学证明解释了引入理论的可行性与合理性,为算法提供理论支撑,提高可解释性;利用上近似的性质扩大搜索空间,提高种群多样性,避免算法早熟,结合划分及粗糙数据推理提出3种策略,促进种群间信息共享,调节种群的开发能力与探索能力,降低算法陷入局部最优的概率;使用改进离散麻雀搜索算法求解混合流水车间调度问题,对3个小规模实例与10个Liao经典测试集进行仿真实验,验证了改进离散麻雀搜索算法求解混合流水车间调度问题的可行性,通过与遗传算法、差分进化算法等经典算法的对比实验,证明了所提算法的优越性与改进策略的有效性。     

基于CE-PF算法的舰载机离场调度优化问题

甲板作业调度研究是提升航母战斗力的关键技术,而其具有时间、空间与资源受限的复杂约束调度问题已被证实为NP-hard。根据舰载机出动离场调度优化问题的特点,将其抽象为零缓存区混合流水车间调度模型,建立包含飞机避碰等约束的混合整数规划模型。提出一种交叉熵与作业剖面匹配(CE-PF)算法用于问题求解,并给出了算法流程架构。交叉熵算法通过高斯采样完成启发式规则下的工件分组,作业剖面匹配算法完成分组工件的任务排序、作业编排及约束检查等调度设计,Gap逼近算法进行目标值评估、精英种群选择、抽样参数更新及收敛判定。通过算例仿真,验证了CE-PF算法求解离场调度优化问题的有效性;灵敏度分析表明起飞模式和空间约束对出动效能影响较大。      

谐波平衡法在低速非定常流模拟中的应用

谐波平衡法是一种有效的周期性非定常流的计算方法.采用基于可压缩流的谐波平衡方程在计算低速不可压流动时,会由于对流通量计算格式中的数值粘性污染,降低解的精度和收敛性.采用预处理技术,使得基于可压缩流的谐波平衡方程可以直接用于低速周期性非定常流的计算中.选取典型的不可压方腔驱动流和低雷诺数圆柱绕流为例进行了时间推进法和谐波平衡法的计算对比.计算结果表明预处理后的谐波平衡方程适合于低速流的计算,在谐波平衡法中采用较少阶数的谐波计算就可以还原出几乎准确的非定常流场.     

中继卫星(TDRS)支持环月探测器的研究

给出了基于轨道根数的跟踪与数据中继卫星(TDRS)对月球探测器的可视算法,分析和比较了地面站和TDRS对月球探测器的测控跟踪能力.结果表明,与依靠地面站相比,使用TDRS后,在不考虑月球遮挡情况下,对环月探测器的测控覆盖率可由50%提高到99%.存在最大月球遮挡时也能达到60%,大大提高了对环月探测器的测控能力.最后讨论了TDRS跟踪环月探测器对TDRS卫星平台的要求,提出了地面站与TDRS相结合的测控方案.在当前TDRS天线运动范围受限情况下,仍能实现对月球探测器的大范围测控覆盖率.      

Validation of an active transponder for KOMPSAT-5 SAR image calibration

This paper describes the development and validation of a transportable active transponder designed for the image calibration of Korea Multi-Purpose Satellite-5 (KOMPSAT-5) with a synthetic aperture radar (SAR). Ground targets are essential in SAR image calibration. The environment for the deployment of ground targets for SAR image calibration should provide uniformity and minimum interference. The Amazon or deserts are regarded as desirable environments. However, such environments for SAR image calibration are difficult to find in Korea. Thus, it will be advantageous to have an active transponder whose performance will not be severely limited by the absence of such uniform environment. We have therefore developed an active transponder which has an adjustable internal delay and into which the orbit data of an arbitrary satellite can be loaded. The stored obit data with the aid of an internal global positioning system (GPS) receiver and gyroscope enables the active transponder to point to a selected satellite. In addition, a virtual deployment of the active transponder is possible due to its adjustable internal delay. Thus, the developed active transponder can be deployed at any place without environmental constraint. The performance of the developed active transponder is validated using the satellite TerraSAR-X, which is already in operation. The test results show that the active transponder is successfully compliant with the requirements for KOMPSAT-5 image calibration.     

应用最优化理论中的投影定理计算平行正投影

拟应用最优化理论中的投影定理,从理论上严格证明物体平行正投影的存在和唯一性,并在此基础上建立一个全新的平行正投影计算方法.内容包括:①应用数学语言阐明三维物体平行正投影的含义;②应用最优化理论中的相关理论依次论证与投影定理有关的几个命题,并在此基础上严格证明物体平行正投影的存在和唯一性,以及利用傅里叶级数形式建立平行正投影计算式;③简要分析这种计算方法的特点.      

Self-consistent amplitude profile of ducted VLF transmitter signal due to resonant interaction with energetic electrons in the magnetosphere

Of the various sources of whistler waves in the magnetosphere, the signals from terrestrial VLF transmitters are apparently the simplest for theoretical analysis. The role of these signals in the acceleration and pitch-angle scattering of energetic electrons in the Earth’s radiation belts has not been fully studied quantitatively, despite many decades of relevant research. The main problem in studying this issue is that to calculate the acceleration and pitch-angle scattering of particles, it is necessary to know the spatial profile of the signal amplitude. This is especially critical for phase-trapped particles, for which the energy exchange with the wave is the most significant. At the same time, the wave amplitude profile itself is determined by the interaction of the wave with resonant particles. Thus, we are dealing with a self-consistent problem, which is described by a nonlinear system of equations - a kinetic equation for the distribution function of resonant particles with a self-consistent field, and an equation for the wave field, in which the nonlinear and non-local growth rate is determined by the distribution function of resonant particles. In this paper, we develop an approach to solving this system of equations and the corresponding physical problem using the method of successive approximations.     

大尺寸交会测量系统传感器布站优化分析

为提高目标定位精度,研究了多站交会大尺寸精密测量系统中传感器布站优化方法。首先,以电子经纬仪为例创建了多站交会测量系统基于传感器误差分离的优化布站数学模型;然后,分析了测量空间内的布站约束条件并对之进行了几何近似;最后,利用郭涛算法求解带有约束的非线性规划问题,得到布站空间内传感器最佳位置组合。仿真分析结果表明,该方法能够有效提高系统测量精度,可应用于多站交会测量现场布站过程。     

Hypersonic vehicle aerodynamic design using modified sequential approximate optimization

Hypersonic vehicles are receiving increased attention within the aerospace community due to their high cruise speed and long-range capabilities. In this paper, a modified Sequential Approximate Optimization method is proposed for an optimized aerodynamic design of a hypersonic vehicle. As part of this approach, a constrained experimental design method is developed to handle the constraints more efficiently. A radial basis function is used to surrogate time-consuming CFD analysis. An efficient and more robust numerical mesh morphing scheme for the hypersonic vehicle is developed for the generation of high-quality meshes. Within this paper, a novel adaptive infilling strategy is proposed which uses an inaccurate search technique coupled with an elite archive. This allows the location of a more promising sample region and hence improves the surrogate accuracy, thereby further enhancing the optimization efficiency. A hypersonic vehicle aerodynamic design problem is solved using the proposed approach and satisfactory results are obtained at much lower computational costs. The lift-to-drag ratio is increased by 23.8% when compared with the base configuration while also satisfying the volume and lift constraints. The pressure and Mach contours have been compared with those of the base configuration and the results demonstrate the strength of the optimized configuration. The modified sequential approximate optimization for designing an improved hypersonic vehicle is worth referencing in future work.     

Spacecraft formation flying control around L2 sun-earth libration point using on–off SDRE approach

In this paper, on–off SDRE control approach is presented for spacecraft formation flying control around sun-earth L2 libration point. Orbits around libration points are significant targets for many space missions mainly because of efficient fuel consumption. Furthermore, less propellant usage can be achieved by considering optimal control approaches in spacecraft formation flying control design. Among various nonlinear and optimal control methods, SDRE has shown to be a popular controller in various missions due to the privileges including efficiency, accuracy and robustness. The spacecraft are assumed to have on–off thrusters as actuators. It requires them to be fed with a sequence of on–off pulses which is regarded as a challenge for spacecraft designers. Hence, the main contribution of this paper is designing an on–off SDRE approach for the formation flight around sun-earth L2 point with uncertainty with energy and accuracy considerations. Including on–off input as a constraint is not feasible for SDRE implementation because it makes the system non-affine. An alternative is utilizing an integral action technique and an auxiliary control to make the system affine which leads to on–off SDRE approach. It has also been shown that the proposed method is robust against parametric uncertainties of the states. Present study aims to design an energy-beneficial, simple and attractive controller for a complex nonlinear system with on–off inputs and uncertainty in CRTBP. Simulation results show that the on–off SDRE control could provide the formation flight around L2 point with high accuracy using less energy consumption.     

Adaptive neural network control of nonlinear systems with unknown dynamics

In this study, an adaptive neural network control approach is proposed to achieve accurate and robust control of nonlinear systems with unknown dynamics, wherein the neural network is innovatively used to learn the inverse problem of system dynamics with guaranteed convergence. This study focuses on the following three contributions. First, the considered system is transformed into a multi-integrator system using an input–output linearization technique, and an extended state observation technique is used to identify the transformed states. Second, an iterative control learning algorithm is proposed to achieve the neural network training, and stability analysis is given to prove that the network’s predictions converge to ideal control inputs with guaranteed convergence. Third, an adaptive neural network controller is developed by combining the trained network and a proportional-integral controller, and the long-standing challenge of model-based methods for control determination of unknown dynamics is resolved. Simulation results of a virtual control mission and an aerospace altitude tracking mission are provided to substantiate the effectiveness of the proposed techniques and illustrate the adaptability and robustness of the proposed controller.     

日冕物质抛射中非对称高密度云和非线性波的形成和演化

应用函数拟合及数字滤波等方法,对SMM飞船观测的1980年8月18日日冕物质抛射事件进行了定量分析。论证了不对称高密度云的形成与爆发日珥顶端偏离冕流对称轴有关,讨论了此不对称结构的演化及其对事件发展的影响,作出了暗腔是强磁场膨胀体的重要论断。从图象亮度的高度分布剖面中,分析出日冕非线性波在演化过程中前沿变陡的观测证据,推算了演化成激波的时间和高度,并论证了两者都是强磁场膨胀体所驱动的,而不是瞬时能量爆发所引起的。      

一种基于激光位移测量的机械臂参数标定方法

针对传统机器人参数标定方法,通常依赖昂贵设备,技术实现成本高的问题,提出一种新型低成本的基于激光位移测量的机器人标定系统,利用安装于机械臂末端的激光位移计进行与外部参照物立方体的相对位置测量,并设计实现了六自由度机械臂的运动学参数标定方法。基于单维度位移测量值,采用平面度约束与平面角度约束共同构建误差函数,并利用非线性优化方法求得最终的标定结果。在实验系统上进行标定方法的验证,并与利用激光追踪仪标定的实验结果进行对比。实验数据表明：所提方法在操作简便、成本低廉的同时,能够获得与使用昂贵的外部测量仪器近似的标定效果。