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织构及组织结构对超高强铝合金平面力学性能的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以自行制备的高合金含量的Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金为试验材料,测试观察挤压带板及其制备的等温模锻件的织构类型及组分强度、组织结构、平面拉伸力学性能及各向异性指数,通过计算{111}112滑移系的施密特因子,采用单晶近似法分析平面拉伸力学性能各向异性与织构的关系,使用霍尔-佩奇定律分析了组织结构与平面拉伸力学性能各向异性的关系,结果表明:合金经剧烈变形后,以变形织构为主,变形织构会引起各向异性,导致合金45°方向强度偏低;挤压形成的纤维组织是引起挤压带板L向及LT向各向异性的主要原因。{110}112Brass织构强度增加,可以抵消纤维组织引起的L向及LT向的各向异性;LT向伸长率低及伸长率各向异性主要是由第二相粒子延晶界的链状分布引起,同时也与织构引起的晶粒强度变化有很大关系。 相似文献
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采用室温拉伸力学性能测试、X射线织构检测、EBSD分析等方法,对比研究了10 mm与2 mm厚度2A55超高强铝锂合金板材的平面各向异性,阐释热处理制度与晶粒组织对板材各向异性的影响。结果表明,热处理后板材屈服强度最高的取向为轧向(0°)与横向(90°);Taylor因子能较好地预测固溶态与T6态时效板材屈服强度的各向异性,织构是平面各向异性的重要原因;厚板更高含量的织构与长条状的晶粒形貌导致其各向异性强于薄板;时效热处理使10 mm厚度板材各向异性减弱,使2 mm厚度薄板各向异性增强;T3态、T8态板材的各向异性分别强于T4态、T6态,时效前的预变形增强了板材的平面各向异性。 相似文献
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采用拉伸性能测试、电子背散射衍射分析(EBSD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM),研究了固溶前退火处理(300℃/4 h,400℃/2 h)对2050铝锂合金冷轧薄板T8时效后力学性能、晶粒组织和析出相的影响。研究结果表明:固溶前退火处理导致2050铝锂合金冷轧薄板固溶态不完全再结晶数量增多,晶粒长厚比增大,小角度晶界比例增加,同时使合金Goss织构密度增大。T8时效后主要强化相为T_1相和θ′相。固溶前退火处理可导致后续T8时效时T_1相在不同{111}_(Al)面上析出差异,其中部分{111}_(Al)面上T_1相析出减少,而预拉伸变形时承受高分切应力{111}_(Al)面上T_1相析出增加,从而影响合金的力学性能。固溶前300℃/4 h退火处理可使T8时效后合金屈服强度和抗拉强度提高,伸长率基本保持不变。 相似文献
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通过力学性能和组织观察研究了2198新型铝锂合金的后续固溶时效热处理制度,并通过XRD衍射仪对原始板材和热处理之后的板材进行织构测算。对比分析表明:2198铝锂合金最佳固溶制度选为500℃×1 h小时,最佳时效制度定为175℃×20小时。经过重新固溶时效后,材料组织形貌、力学性能基本保持不变而延伸率变化小于3%。原始板材织构主要存在着较强的{-110}〈-1-12〉组分以及{001}〈0-10〉,{-3311}〈-1-10〉和{-5512}〈3-95〉组分,但经过重新固溶时效之后,主要织构变为{-110}〈-1-12〉,{-3313}〈-1-10〉和{-112}〈1-11〉组分,呈明显弱化趋势。从而改善此合金趋于各向同性条件下的抗疲劳性能与耐蚀性能。 相似文献
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采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜和力学拉伸试验机,研究160 mm 7050-T7651铝合金特厚板不同厚度位置的金相组织、晶粒取向、织构类型、时效纳米析出相分布以及力学性能的差异。结果表明:从板材表层到心部,组织中的第二相粒子含量降低,但尺寸增加;板材表层以小角度晶界亚结构组织为主,小角度晶界比例在79%~85%之间,而板材心部小角度晶界的比例为58%左右,相比于板材表层小角度晶界比例降低了26.6%~31.8%;板材表层以{001}<110>剪切织构为主,占比为3.64%,并随厚度增加,变形织构组分含量逐渐增多;板材厚度方向力学性能呈现出沿厚度表层-心部-表层方向先降低后升高的趋势,且力学性能最优位置均为板材表层位置。 相似文献
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《航空材料学报》2017,(6)
利用透射电镜(TEM)技术以及配套的旋进电子衍射(PED)技术对铣削Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金表面变形层的微观组织和织构进行研究。结果表明:表面变形层是由最表层的等轴纳米晶/超细晶层和亚表层的层状纳米晶/超细晶层组成,晶粒周围分布大量的粗大晶界析出相(GBPs);最表层再结晶的纳米晶/超细晶的存在说明除了位错运动,动态再结晶也在晶粒细化过程中发挥作用;与原始粗晶相比,加工表面变形层内GBPs和晶内析出相(GIPs)尺寸和密度明显的不同是由于热机械作用诱发析出相重新分布;表面变形层的织构类型为由近铜型织构{112}111、旋转立方织构{001}110和F型织构{111}112组成的混合型织构,铣削加工过程引入的表面剧烈剪切变形是上述织构形成的主要原因。 相似文献
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采用电子束物理气相沉积技术(EB-PVD)在温度为700℃的不锈钢基片上沉积厚度为0.2mm的Ni-Cr-Al高温合金薄板,然后将合金薄板与基片剥离.采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、原子力显微镜(AFM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)等测试手段研究了Ni-Cr-Al合金薄板的微观组织.结果表明,沿厚度方向合金具有两种不同晶粒形貌的两层结构,在沉积材料的靠近基板侧观察到柱状晶区,同时表现出{lll}织构,而在远离基板一侧晶粒形貌则为近等轴晶且无织构现象;合金表面晶粒细小均匀且呈岛状分布,每个"岛屿"由许多晶粒尺寸约为100 nm柱状晶粒组成;晶粒内部亚结构表现为孪晶. 相似文献
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有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。 相似文献
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LUO Cheng LIU Hua YANG Jia-ling LIU Kai-xin 《中国航空学报》2007,20(3):230-235
Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks. 相似文献
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The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation. 相似文献
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波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面:电子化(e-Enabled)运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境(GCE)。 相似文献
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临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控(TT&;C)与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联(ITU)国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比(SNR)、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。 相似文献
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基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。 相似文献
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Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
NING Guo-dong ZHANG Shu-guang FANG Zhen-ping 《中国航空学报》2007,20(1):1-8
A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method. 相似文献
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Wu Xianyu Li Xiaoshan Ding Meng Liu Weidong Wang Zhenguo 《中国航空学报》2007,20(6):488-494
In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances. 相似文献
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(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。 相似文献