Ni-Co-P 化学镀工艺优化及性能研究

以A3钢为基底进行化学复合镀Ni-Co-P,采用正交试验法得到了一种Ni-Co-P的最佳配方及工艺条件,并对镀层的形貌、硬度、厚度、结合力、耐蚀性等进行了检测和分析。实验得出了最佳配方及工艺条件:硫酸镍35.0 g/L,硫酸钴4.0 g/L,次亚磷酸钠30.0 g/L,柠檬酸三钠60.0 g/L,硼酸35.0 g/L,乳酸12.0m L/L,十二烷基苯磺酸钠0.05 g/L,硫脲2 mg/L,p H值为7.0,温度90℃,施镀时间2 h。在该条件下,镀层沉积速率较快,可达89.83 g/(m2·h),镀层具有较强的耐蚀性,硫酸铜点滴时间可达285 s;该镀层表面分布均匀,孔隙率分布较小,与基体结合力较好。     

化学镀Ni-Co-P 工艺配方优化

为获得化学镀Ni-Co-P工艺配方的合理配比,运用单因素对比实验,探讨了各种添加剂对化学镀Ni-Co-P合金镀液和镀层性能的影响,确定了各添加剂浓度范围,选取5个工艺参数,设计了L16(45)正交实验方案,用极差法分析了各参数对工艺性能影响的顺序,确定了最佳工艺配方。结果表明:当溶液中硫酸镍40 g/L,硫酸钴2 g/L,次磷酸钠25 g/L,柠檬酸钠50 g/L,硼酸为20 g/L,添加剂A为20-40 g/L,pH值7.0,温度90℃时,可以得到可以得到含钴量3.7%、含磷量约6%的Ni-Co-P中磷合金镀层,镀层表面胞状物均匀分布,组织致密。     

ZnMnCr-LDHs的制备及其对磷酸盐吸附性能研究

以三乙醇胺为碱源,通过水热法制备了三元金属元素ZnMnCr-LDHs纳米材料,用于磷酸盐的吸附;通过使用多种表征仪器,证明纳米材料的成功制备。吸附动力学和吸附热力学结果表明,ZnMnCr-LDHs纳米材料吸附磷酸盐符合准二级动力学模型,化学吸附在吸附过程中占主导,为自发的吸热反应。考察各种条件下的吸附能力,在25℃、初始pH的条件下,向20 mL(100 mg/L)磷酸盐溶液中投加15 mg的ZnMnCr-LDHs纳米材料,对磷酸盐的去除率分别可达99.5%、99.5%、99.2%;对磷酸盐最大吸附量分别为715.2、714.8、714.7 mg/g;经过5次循环利用后,ZnMnCr-LDHs纳米材料对磷酸盐的吸附率分别为81.8%、76.4%、76.1%,循环性能较好。     

镀铟中的pH控制

一般采用的酸性镀铟溶液组分为: In 10～20克/升 Na_2SO_4 8～12克/升 pH=2.2～2.6 一、实验在1000毫升含In18克/升,pH=2.55的镀锢溶液中交换使用溶解阳极、不溶解阳极、溶解和不溶解阳极同时使用三种状态下进行电解,阴极为面积1分米~2的钢试样,电流密度为1安/分米~2。每30分钟测一次pH值(用25     

电热解法快速致密C/C复合材料研究

该工艺以液烃为前驱体,多孔碳坯浸在液烃中一次完成致密化。沉积温度为800℃～950℃时,坯多经2h～3h致密,其密度达1.62g/cm^3～1.74g/cm^3。以环已烷为前驱体制备的C/C试样具有良好的耐摩擦性能,动摩擦系数为0.2～0.4,静摩擦系数为0.25,每次刹车磨耗的0.89um,满足高性能刹车材料的要求。此外,该工艺所需设备结构简单,工作尺寸放大不受技术性限制,是一种很有开发价值的低成本、快速致密C/C材料的方法。     

化学镀镍溶液的调整与再生

化学镀镍是化学镀中应用较广泛的方法。但是,一般认为其成本较高,限制了它的使用面。根据实践中的经验,情况并非如此。我所采用理论——经验公式计算的方法调整和再生溶液。使镀液长期使用,成本大大降低,生产率也大大提高了。     

无氰镀Ag

概述了以有机磺酸银为基本组成的无氰镀Ａｇ溶液，可以获得优于传统镀液的镀Ａｇ产品，适用于航空和电子工业等领域的产品表面精饰。     

SiO2溶胶作用下电沉积锌电极性能研究

 在碱性镀锌液中加入SiO₂溶胶,采用电沉积技术制备电沉积式锌电极,考察镀液中加入SiO₂溶胶对锌电极的电沉积速度、微观形貌及电化学性能的影响规律。研究结果表明：随着镀液中SiO₂溶胶浓度（0～200 mL/L）的增加,锌的电沉积速度逐渐下降;溶胶作用下得到的锌电极的微观表面较平整致密,没有出现较大孔洞,且耐腐蚀性和循环可逆性得到改善;尤其是溶胶浓度为150 mL/L时,锌电极具有最小的腐蚀电流密度,且阴、阳极峰值电位差较小,锌电极的电化学性能最好。     

某型飞机高强度钢无氰镀镉-钛工艺分析及应用

为解决30CrMnSiNi2A螺栓电镀镉-钛的实际工程应用问题,确保该螺栓镀镉-钛后的使用安全性,按照无氰镀镉-钛合金工艺标准配制槽液,并对试镀件的氢脆性、镀液钛含量、溶液其他组分的影响、槽液pH值的影响等工艺参数的控制进行试验。所有试验结果均满足工艺质量控制要求。     

化学镀Au液

介绍了含有非氰的可溶性Au盐、络合剂和还原剂等组成的化学镀Au液,对其组成浓度范围进行了试验,并对镀液稳定性和镀层性能进行了评估。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.