民用飞机防冰系统试飞问题探索和研究

针对民用飞机防冰系统试飞,梳理了防冰系统试飞的要求和目的,提出了防冰系统测试改装方法、干空气条件及自然结冰条件试飞方法。针对自然结冰条件试飞,给出了结冰气象参数有效性判据,完成了自然结冰试飞风险评估。为防冰系统进行相关的试飞工作提供指导。     

民机防冰系统自然结冰试飞技术研究

结合某型民机自然结冰条件下防冰系统的试飞,对试飞所需的测试改装工作进行了总结,并对试飞前需进行的各种安全性评估进行了总结说明,明确了试飞中需考虑的各种构型情况,提出一套循序渐进的自然结冰试飞方法。同时提出了试飞中结冰气象参数的可接受性判据,最后针对自然结冰试飞中结冰气象参数的处理提出了分段等效处理的方法。     

民用飞机RAT发电机自然结冰环境飞行试验研究

为了检验某型飞机RAT发电机在自然结冰环境下能否正常释放和供电,对该RAT发电机自然结冰试飞进行研究。首先,阐述RAT发电机进行自然结冰试飞的原因、目的以及民用航空标准对自然结冰环境的要求;其次,介绍RAT发电机自然结冰的试飞方法;最后,对试飞结果进行分析。结果表明:RAT发电机自然结冰环境条件满足适航规章要求,能够在可预期的自然结冰环境下实现手动释放功能且供电功能正常。     

正常类飞机自然结冰试飞适航审定技术

民用飞机如果申请已知结冰条件下飞行（FIKI）,应按照除防冰相关适航规章条款要求进行表明符合性适航验证,其中自然结冰试飞是必须完成的重要环节。以Y12F飞机自然结冰试飞为例,以中国民用航空局（CAAC）和美国联邦航空管理局（FAA）发布的已知结冰条件下飞行相关指导文件为基础,结合Y12F飞机自然结冰试飞适航审定过程,分析总结了除防冰系统、测试设备及安装、试飞空域、结冰大气条件、试飞内容、试飞状态、试飞程序、试飞结果和分析以及结冰探测、结冰大气探测、冰积聚情况监测等方面的适航审定要求和关键技术,并对试飞过程中发现问题的分类、解决措施、设计改进方案以及完成的补充验证工作进行了阐述。经CAAC和FAA同步审查,Y12F飞机获得CAAC和FAA已知结冰条件下飞行的批准。构建的自然结冰试飞适航审定方法,成为FIKI适航验证重要实践指导性材料。     

Y-8结冰喷水机改装设计与实现

受自然条件限制,在我国进行飞机自然结冰试飞难度大,对人造冰云结冰试验技术的需求显得越发迫切。以Y-8飞机为平台,通过方案设计、桁杆系统与气水系统研制、机上集成改装、地面试验和飞行演示试验等完成了国内首架结冰喷水机的研制,为开展人工模拟结冰试验奠定了基础。     

Y7-200A飞机自然结冰飞行试验

介绍了Ｙ７－２００Ａ飞机防冰除冰系统,自然结冰飞行试验所需气象专用设备和机场气象条件的选择以及自然结冰的飞行安全。同时还介绍了飞行试验的内容、试验方法及试验结果,并对试验结果进行了分析,试飞结果表明,带自然积冰飞机性能比带模拟冰型的好,自然结冰试验与模拟冰型试验之间的飞机操纵特性没有不可接受的差异,飞机飞行品质良好。可供运输类飞机自然结冰飞行试验时参考。     

风起云涌 风雨兼程——试飞气象的追逐之旅

在民机试飞中,有些科目希望在万里无云的晴空下进行,有些则需要寻找极端气候,如自然结冰试验、大侧风试飞等.因此,试飞气象服务保障对民机试飞非常重要,甚至能对试飞安全与试飞效率起到关键性作用.     

冰雪环境下的直升机飞行试验

飞行试验是确定直升机结冰飞行包线，扩大其使用范围的最有效的手段，本文介绍了自然及人工结冰条件下直升机飞行试验的方法和技术，主要参数的测试方法，所需要的专用测试设备及保障飞行安全的措施。对于开展直升机结冰试飞研究具有一定的参考价值。     

ARJ21飞机完成自然结冰试飞

4月28日,ARJ21-700新支线飞机的104架机在北美完成自然结冰试飞后安全返回中航工业试飞中心。这是中国自主研制的涡扇喷气支线客机首次飞出国门开展特殊气象环境下的试验试飞,同时还实现了30000km的环球飞行。     

ARJ21-700飞机气源系统左侧预冷器下游引气温度低故障分析

ARJ21-700飞机在乌鲁木齐进行自然结冰试飞过程中,出现气源系统引气温度低故障,具体表现为:气源系统左侧预冷器下游引气温度约100℃左右,相对于右侧预冷器下游约200℃左右的引气温度低很多。鉴于此故障对自然结冰试飞工作进度产生一定影响,对故障原因进行了分析。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.