Real time estimator for control of an orbiting single tether system

A real-time estimator is developed for the control of the Tether Dynamics Explorer (TDE) system. TDE is being used in a series of tethered satellite flight experiments whose purpose is to validate existing system models and test proposed control laws. Each experiment consists of an orbiting Delta II second stage which deploys toward the Earth a small box-shaped passive endbody at the end of a flexible tether. A discrete extended Kalman filter (DEKF) is presented which can operate in real time and in conjunction with control laws. This filter estimates the in-plane and out-of-plane tether libration angles and their rates from a proposed three-axis tether tension measurement device in the Delta second stage. The simulation results indicate that the DEKF can estimate the libration angle and their rates from a three-axis tension and length measurement with an acceptable error. The relatively simple computations required make this algorithm particularly well suited for real-time operation.<>     

论我国公司资本制度的修改与完善

我国《公司法》是1993年颁布的，在其实施的10年多时间里，对我国的经济发展起到了非常重要的作用。但毋庸讳言，由于当时立法条件的限制和对公司法理论研究的不足，特别是由于我国市场经济体制改革的不断深化，公司法部分条文修订的必要性和急迫性显而易见。这里仅就我国公司资本制度方面提出相应的修改建议，以期完善我国公司资本制度。     

供热系统集约化运行的能耗监测及节能调节问题探讨

对我校供热系统的现状进行了分析;指出了锅炉热效率及能耗监控方面的不足,并针对锅炉热效率提高和二次网循环泵变频调节进行了节能分析计算;同时根据我校实际情况对循环泵设备配置及控制进行了分析,提出了要加强技术指标量化考核和能耗监测,提高效率、节能降耗,实现供热系统的科学化、集约化运行。     

Invariant and energy analysis of an axially retracting beam

The mechanism of a retracting cantilevered beam has been investigated by the invariant and energy-based analysis. The time-varying parameter partial differential equation governing the transverse vibrations of a beam with retracting motion is derived based on the momentum theorem. The assumed-mode method is used to truncate the governing partial differential equation into a set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with time-dependent coefficients. It is found that if the order of truncation is not less than the order of the initial conditions, the assumed-mode method can yield accurate results. The energy transfers among assumed modes are discussed during retrac-tion. The total energy varying with time has been investigated by numerical and analytical methods, and the results have good agreement with each other. For the transverse vibrations of the axially retracting beam, the adiabatic invariant is derived by both the averaging method and the Bessel function method.     

新古典经济增长理论和二元经济模型的分析与借鉴

本文主要介绍了发展经济学中新古典经济增长理论和二元经济理论，并分析了它们对我国经济发展的适用性问题。据此，对我国的经济发展提出了相关的政策建议。     

基于机械能变化的超低轨道大气密度实时估计

在强大气阻力摄动作用下,超低轨道卫星的轨道高度会迅速衰减,大气密度的在轨实时估计对超低轨道卫星的轨道和姿态控制非常重要。研究了利用机械能变化率实现超低轨道卫星大气密度的实时估计方法,基于轨道摄动理论推导了在地球引力、大气阻力和控制力作用下大气密度的估计公式。仿真结果表明,该方法可有效地估计出大气密度。     

航空反潜辅助决策系统的结构设计

通过分析反潜作战的特点和辅助决策系统的优势,给出了反潜辅助决策系统的结构框架,并对每一部分的组成和工作过程进行了详细的讨论.     

Observability, ensemble averaging and GPS time

Obtaining time from an ensemble of clocks with a Kalman filter when the system is not observable is examined. Particular attention is given to the Global Positioning System (GPS) master control station (MCS) Kalman filter and the ramifications of estimating ensemble time under conditions of unobservability are explored. The effect of one proposed workaround to problems caused by unobservability is addressed     

Nature's efficient energy production, storage, and data processing

Converting the solar energy received on the surface of the Earth has not been practical with heat engines because of the low density of this energy. On a clear bright day in the summer, the sun generally delivers less than 80 W per square foot. Also, heat engines are prohibited from exceeding the Carnot-cycle efficiency limit. On the other hand, plants perform their energy conversion electrochemically, and, hence, are not limited by the Carnot-cycle. They use solar energy to produce useful fuels that range from corn-cobs and maple syrup to pitch and firewood. However, they have an extremely complicated process control that uses blue and red parts of the visible solar spectrum to extract hydrogen from water and carbon from carbon dioxide to make hydrocarbons. They do not need precious-metal catalysts; however they run complex data processing programs in which stored instructions control electrochemical reactions and also cause growth and production of needed products to occur when needed.     

声波飞行时间测量系统中串行通信的设计与实现

稳定可靠的上下位机通信程序是声波飞行时间测量系统实现声波飞行时间准确测量的关键。为此研制了基于VC6.0的上下位机通信程序。文中详细介绍了该通信程序的设计与实现过程，给出了上下位机通信流程图及相应的主要通信程序。实验结果表明该通信程序能够较好地实现声波飞行时间测量系统中下位机和上位机之间的通信，系统性能稳定，满足声波飞行时间测量系统的通信要求。     

地月系低能转移轨道设计

分析了不同转移轨道间的性能指标,以黄道面与白道面交线作为庞加莱截面实现不同系统轨道的拼接,利用其中耗能最小的日地系稳定流形和地月系的不稳定流形设计了一条低能耗转移轨道.最后对不同轨 道进行了能量分析和对比,优化了国内提出的低能探月轨道.仿真结果表明,文中方法比直接通过霍曼转移节约21.1%的能量,对探月工程的轨道设计具...     

总能量控制在RLV自动着陆中的应用

为了解除重复使用运载器(RLV)自动着陆段飞行速度和航迹之间的非线性耦合,设计了基于总能量原理的纵向飞行控制律。该原理的核心思想是通过RLV的阻力板改变阻力来控制总能量,用升降舵调节总能量的分配,通过协调阻力板和升降舵指令,达到合理调节和分配能量的目的,确保控制系统具有良好的非线性解耦控制能力和较强的鲁棒性。仿真结果表明,基于总能量的飞行控制系统,实现了RLV自动着陆段高度和速度的解耦控制,满足不确定条件下RLV自动着陆的要求。     

非侵入式电机能效在线监测系统软件设计

电机是工业系统中的主要动力输出和耗电设备,发展电机节能和在线监测技术具有重要意义。主要介绍了非侵入式电机能效监测软件系统的组成、设计方法和实现的功能,通过对电机运行状态信息的采集和分析,实现了对电机转速、转矩、功率因数、效率等运行参数的在线监测,并对监测结果进行分析,为电机能源管理提供支持。利用C#编程完成串口通讯,labview8.5完善监控界面,SQL server 2005建立电机监控数据库。实验结果表明该系统运行可靠,操作简单,安全性高。     

基于混水原理的供热系统节能分析

混水供热对供热运行有很好的调节作用,并逐渐被更多的供热运行自动控制系统所采用。对某分流混水供热自动控制系统进行了分析,指出了分流混水方式的弊端。提出了采用回流混水供热方式可以更有效地进行供热调节和节能降耗,并且具有响应快和准确度高等优点;同时对回流混水供热进行了节能分析、定量计算以及水温控制方程推导等。     

自动化立体仓库货位优先级生成算法设计

简单描述了自动化立体仓库系统构成,货物存取工作流程;结合堆垛机工作特性及货位综合属性,提出了一种在单作业工作方式下确定货位优先级方法;给出了基于货位优先级的立体仓库出入库算法;货位信息存储采用数据库技术;实验结果表明,系统按优先级实现货位分配与随机分配比较,可以提高系统工作效率。     

Magnetic fields,plasmas, and coronal holes: The inner solar system

This paper reviews the recent results concerning streams and magnetic fields in the inner solar system. Specifically, it discusses in situ magnetic field and plasma observations within 1 AU which describe MHD stream flows and Alfvénic fluctuations, and it discusses the latest theories of those phenomena. Observationally, there have been significant advances in our understanding of streams and fluctuations as the result of acquiring nearly complete sets of high resolution plasma and magnetic data simultaneously at two or more points by IMPs 6, 7, and 8, Mariner-Venus-Mercury, HELIOS-1, and HELIOS-2. HELIOS and IMP observations and coronal hole observations demonstrated that streams can have very thin boundaries in latitude and longitude near the Sun. This has necessitated a revision of earlier views of stream dynamics, for it is now clear that magnetic pressure is a major factor in the dynamics of stream in the inner solar system and that nonlinear phenomena are significant much closer to the Sun than previously believed. Simultaneous IMP 6, 7, and 8 observations of Alfvénic fluctuations have shown that they are probably not simply transverse Alfvén waves; they suggest that Alfvénic fluctuations are better described as nonplanar, large-amplitude, general Alfvén waves moving through an inhomogeneous and discontinuous medium, and coupled to a compressive mode.Proceedings of the Symposium on Solar Terrestrial Physics held in Innsbruck, May–June 1978.     

A fully automated framework for helicopter rotor blades design and analysis including aerodynamics,structure, and manufacturing

This study describes an integrated framework in which basic aerospace engineering aspects (performance, aerodynamics, and structure) and practical aspects (configuration visualiza-tion and manufacturing) are coupled and considered in one fully automated design optimization of rotor blades. A number of codes are developed to robustly perform estimation of helicopter config-uration from sizing, performance analysis, trim analysis, to rotor blades configuration representa-tion. These codes are then integrated with a two-dimensional airfoil analysis tool to fully design rotor blades configuration including rotor planform and airfoil shape for optimal aerodynamics in both hover and forward flights. A modular structure design methodology is developed for real-istic composite rotor blades with a sophisticated cross-sectional geometry. A D-spar cross-sectional structure is chosen as a baseline. The framework is able to analyze all realistic inner configurations including thicknesses of D-spar, skin, web, number and ply angles of layers of each composite part, and materials. A number of codes and commercial software (ANSYS, Gridgen, VABS, PreVABS, etc.) are implemented to automate the structural analysis from aerodynamic data processing to sec-tional properties and stress analysis. An integrated model for manufacturing cost estimation of composite rotor blades developed at the Aerodynamic Analysis and Design Laboratory (AADL), Aerospace Information Engineering Department, Konkuk University is integrated into the framework to provide a rapid and dynamic feedback to configuration design. The integration of three modules has constructed a framework where the size of a helicopter, aerodynamic performance analysis, structure analysis, and manufacturing cost estimation could be quickly investigated. All aspects of a rotor blade including planform, airfoil shape, and inner structure are considered in a multidisciplinary design optimization without an exception of critical configuration.     

基于互相关技术的声波飞行时间测量系统的设计与实现

根据声学法测量温度场的需要，研制了基于互相关技术的声波飞行时间测量系统。文中阐述了声学测温原理，详细说明了该系统的设计与实现过程。利用该测量装置的软、硬件设计，能够较好地实现声波飞行时间的准确测量。实验结果表明该测量系统性能稳定，能满足声波飞行时间测量系统的要求。文中给出了声波飞行时间测量装置的系统框图和装置图。