PS/CeO_2核壳型复合磨粒的微晶玻璃抛光试验研究

为获得同时具有低表面粗糙度和高面形精度的微晶玻璃基片,利用PS(聚苯乙烯)微球和CeO2磨粒制备出核壳型复合磨粒,替代了单一CeO2磨粒进行抛光试验。通过全因子试验研究PS微球粒径和质量浓度对微晶玻璃基片的材料去除率(MRR)、表面粗糙度和面形精度的影响。试验表明:MRR随着PS微球质量浓度的增大而减小,随着PS微球粒径的增大而增大;PS微球粒径为20μm时,工件塌边显著减小;表面粗糙度随着PS微球浓度的增大而增大。     

多巴胺修饰法镀银玻璃微球的表征及其在导电硅橡胶中的应用

通过多巴胺修饰对玻璃微球的预处理和银的还原反应,批量制备了镀银玻璃微球(SiO_2/PDA/Ag),进行了X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、广角X射线衍射(WAXD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等测试。结果表明,镀银玻璃微球的银含量稳定,表面银层均匀、连续、致密。与国外进口镀银玻璃微球的SEM对比实验显示,镀银玻璃微球表面粗糙度更大,有利于达到逾渗效应。镀银玻璃微球在甲基乙烯基硅橡胶中的应用实验结果显示,镀银玻璃微球在经过混炼后银层保持完好,在硅橡胶中分散均匀且黏结紧密。使用镀银玻璃微球制备的导电硅橡胶的力学和电学性能显示,拉伸强度为2.54 MPa,扯断伸长率为122.3%,体积电阻及老化后电阻分别为3.9和9.0 mΩ·cm。     

钴的晶体结构对镀钴空心玻璃微球电磁性能的影响

采用化学镀方法在空心玻璃微球表面复合磁性金属钴,制备了镀钴空心玻璃微球,并对其进行了真空退火热处理。经过化学镀的空心玻璃微球表面包覆了一层均匀、致密的金属镀层;镀钴空心玻璃微球(2.5g/cm3)镀层晶体结构对其电磁性能产生影响。当镀层Co含量为95%时,介电常数实部在11GHz处达到35,虚部在13GHz处达到22;在经过热处理后,镀层发生晶相转变,介电常数实部和虚部均得到提高。另外,热处理能降低钴镀层的矫顽力,改善其软磁性能。     

复合材料球面框球皮冲击损伤形貌的数值分析

根据民用飞机复合材料球面框球皮的实际结构铺层与材料体系,建试了三维冲击损伤分析模型并采用Hashin失效准则,对球皮层合板进行数值模拟。同时,采用ASTMD7136试验标准进行低速冲击、试验。数据与计算结果吻合较好,表明该模型可用于预测球面框球皮层压板结构在低速冲击下的损伤形貌和尺寸大小     

CLGA封装器件高可靠性装联工艺研究

为了保证陶瓷栅格阵列（CLGA）封装器件装联可靠性，本文以CLGA封装器件为研究对象，采用Pb₉₀Sn₁₀焊球、Pb₉₀Sn₁₀与Pb₈₀Sn₂₀焊柱、Be-Cu/Sn₆₀Pb₄₀微弹簧圈（MCS）和Sn₆₃Pb₃₇共晶焊料，实现了对CLGA封装器件的二次工艺设计，并采用回流焊工艺方法将器件装联在印制电路板上。通过有限元分析及试验相结合的方法，探索了适用于此类器件的高可靠性装联工艺。对3种元器件建立有限元仿真模型来模拟应力应变情况，同时对印制板组件进行了力学、热学实验分析。仿真发现：弹簧所受的应力和应变最小，焊柱其次，焊球最大；试验验证与仿真结果相符：植弹簧的器件可靠性最高，植焊柱的其次，植焊球的最差；500个温度循环与振动试验表明：植弹簧器件无裂纹，植焊柱、植焊球的器件出现裂纹，焊点金相剖切与SEM能谱显微组织分析均符合航天标准要求。植焊球、植焊柱的器件焊点断裂失效位置均出现在焊球、焊柱与钎料印制板接触的位置，且裂纹处金属间化合物（IMC）层厚度与能谱成分未见异常。     

Ag包覆弹性体微球的制备及其电性能

采用置换反应法和化学沉积法制备了微米级镀Ag丙烯酸酯橡胶（ACM）微球，研究了镀Ag导电弹性体微球的电性能。结果表明：置换反应法通过对微球基体先化学镀铜再置换镀Ag，能够得到镀层均匀致密、包覆完善的镀Ag弹性体微球；所制备镀Ag微球的体积电阻率随外加压力及温度的升高，均呈现规律性降低，并且不受热循环的影响，表明所制备的镀Ag导电弹性体微球具有一定的弹性、热膨胀性以及良好的热稳定性。     

飞船返回舱再入阶段高超声速六分量测力试验研究

介绍了在气动中心超高速所激波风洞中进行的飞船返回舱再入阶段高超声速六分量测力试验研究以及马赫数、雷诺数变化对返回舱外形纵向三分量气动特性的影响研究。在试验方案和天平设计中提出和采用了“5 l”方案，即五分量主天平和单分量滚转力矩天平实现六分量测量，模型分段连接使大轴向力对小滚转力矩测量的干扰降至最低。为考核该方案的可行性，还进行了一系列验证性试验，如对比性试验和缝隙影响试验，试验研究结果表明：采用该方案是可行的，成功地测量出了返回舱模型上的小滚转力矩。     

等效冲击方法研究硬质颗粒对玻璃的冲击损伤

提出了一种等效冲击方法来评价和研究硬质颗粒对脆性材料的冲击损伤。采用自由落体冲击钠钙玻璃试件来模拟小球的高速冲击并取得了令人信服的结果。确定了裂纹起始的临界冲击力。研究结果表明，当冲击物和靶材料的接触面积不变，相等的冲击动能将产生完全相似的损伤效果。在相等动能的前提下，四种不同重量的锤头冲击在玻璃试件上产生出了相同的冲击力、相同的裂纹和残余强度。     

实用化光力加速度计中单微球重复起支技术

针对光力加速度计的小型化应用，设计并制作了一种基于V型槽的片上光纤光阱，并采用机械振动方法实现了单微球重复起支。理论研究了利用机械振动方法实现微球起支、捕获的动力学过程。结果表明，只有当微球脱离捕获室底面的初始速度满足一定范围时才能稳定捕获，该初始速度范围与捕获室的几何参数有关。提出了利用两光纤中相向传播光的耦合功率监测微球捕获状态的方法，并通过实验完成了微球起支过程的自动控制，实现了单微球的重复起支与捕获。该片上光纤光阱制备方法和单微球重复起支技术可推动光力加速度计的实用化进程。     

高速水射流冲击下航空有机玻璃(PMMA)损伤行为

飞行器高速经过雨区时,风挡玻璃等部件容易受到雨滴的冲击侵蚀。为探究飞行器风挡玻璃的雨蚀损伤行为,基于一级轻气炮搭建了单射流冲击试验平台(SIJA),并对航空定向及非定向有机玻璃(聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯,PMMA)进行了不同速度的射流冲击试验。结果表明受高速射流冲击时,定向有机玻璃主要表现为面下分层的银纹损伤,而非定向有机玻璃主要表现为表面损伤。随着冲击速度不断提升,两种有机玻璃试样都出现了表面剥离损伤,且定向有机玻璃的剥离损伤更为严重。通过对试样内部应力波传播及损伤扩展的观察发现,定向有机玻璃面下分层为剪切波主导,且这一损伤模式更容易造成剥离,多次冲击后的试验结果也进一步证明了这一结论。同时根据聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)压电薄膜得到的冲击阶段冲量对损伤进行了评估与预测,发现损伤面积与冲量呈线性关系。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.