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机载机电系统可靠性的计算机辅助分析方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了提高机载机电系统的可靠性,机载机电系统常采用余度系统,以达到故障容错,进而实现整个飞机系统的高可靠性和安全性。开发适应于余度间耦合、动态性能降级的ReliaApp可靠性分析评价软件平台,通过有效综合故障模式影响(FMEA)、故障树分析(FTA)和Markov状态转移链法,实现不同容错设计方案的选择、机电系统的可靠性定量评价并给出系统的薄弱环节,为系统的余度配置和改进设计提供软件设计与评估平台,以确保飞机系统的高可靠性和安全性。实例应用表明该软件平台是飞机机载机电系统可靠性设计与评价有效的计算机辅助工具。 相似文献
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为了监控航空发动机电液伺服系统中不易通过机内测试电路诊断的异常或故障,提出一种机载模型监控方法,采用AMESim工具进行系统的建模,之后对模型进行校准、实时化和线性化处理。在对监控算法进行了设计与仿真之后,用C代码编程实现了模型监控算法,并运行于发动机电子控制器中。对某发动机燃油计量装置的试验表明:机载模型监控可以有效监测系统中因元部件性能衰减、卡滞、零偏漂移等引起的异常或故障,并能补偿电液伺服阀的零偏漂移和容错运行,避免控制功能失效或过快降级。可为航空发动机及相关领域的电液伺服系统机载模型监控设计提供参考。 相似文献
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针对航空发动机在工程应用中气路健康状态的评估问题,提出一种基于增强型机载自适应模型的气路故障诊断方法。
该方法在机载模型中加入神经网络补偿算法,在线修正机载模型的输出误差,提高了卡尔曼滤波器估计精度,以此为基础建立了
发动机增强型自适应模型和性能基线模型。增强型自适应模型可实时评估健康参数状态,并指导性能基线模型跟踪发动机正常
性能降级趋势,确保剪裁精准的故障信息用于检测和诊断。基于发动机性能仿真模型模拟故障特征数据库,采用RBF神经网络训
练样本,完成了故障模式判定和故障隔离。通过构建某型涡轴发动机气路故障诊断平台进行仿真验证,结果表明:该方法能够有
效监视发动机在全包线、全寿命周期的气路健康状况,在实际工作流程中具备可行性。 相似文献
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基于RBF神经网络的液压位置伺服系统故障诊断 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对液压系统的非线性、时变、流固耦合的特点,提出双级径向基函数(Radial Basis Function,RBF)神经网络模型实现液压伺服系统故障检测与定位.采用第1级RBF网络作为液压伺服系统的故障检测滤波器,通过实际系统与RBF观测器输出的残差实现液压伺服系统故障检测.利用第1级RBF观测器的输出残差和网络结构参数,应用第2级RBF网络实现液压伺服系统典型故障定位.针对K均值聚类算法收敛速度慢的缺点,提出了改进K均值聚类算法和学习速率自适应调整算法,利用网络优化结构参数和学习率,加快神经网络收敛速度,减少运算量.实验结果表明,利用双级RBF神经网络能够有效地检测出液压位置伺服系统的故障,并能实现系统的故障定位. 相似文献
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温度是民用飞机液压系统性能的重要表征参数之一,为有效实现液压系统温度监测,基于Kriging 模型和原子搜索算法(ASO),提出了一种基于原子搜索Kriging 模型(ASOKM)方法。首先,针对液压系统温度故障发生原因进行分析,建立其故障逻辑图,明确影响液压系统温度的特征参数;然后,结合快速存取记录器(QAR)数据,论述了ASOKM 方法建模原理;最后,通过某型国产民用飞机液压系统温度监测分析,对所提出的ASOKM 方法进行有效性验证。研究结果表明:ASOKM 方法的训练平均绝对误差、监测平均绝对误差低于响应面(RSM)、Kriging、BP 神经网络(BP-ANN)模型,具有较高的精度、效率和鲁棒性。所提方法可以为液压系统可靠性分析、故障诊断、预测维修提供借鉴。 相似文献
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机载作动系统可靠性是保障飞机飞行性能和飞行安全的重要前提,为了提升机载电力作动系统用三余度永磁同步电机系统可靠性,针对其常见的绕组匝间短路故障(ITSCF),本文提出一种基于高频谐波电流的在线故障诊断方法。通过电机绕组ITSCF数学模型,明确了故障后旋转坐标系下交直轴电流的典型高频脉宽调制(PWM)谐波故障特征;综合分析交直轴谐波电流对瞬态工况扰动的鲁棒性,选择直轴高频谐波电流周期有效值作为诊断特征;为了消除各余度电流固有谐波的影响,提出了基于三余度谐波电流平衡度的故障诊断方法;最后设计了故障诊断算法,通过带通滤波器进行高频谐波电流提取,并采用周期有效值计算实现谐波电流量化,最终通过三余度平衡诊断表实现故障余度识别。通过仿真模型验证了诊断算法的有效性,为提升机载电力作动系统可靠性提供借鉴。 相似文献
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为了给即将问世的吸气式发动机控制系统提供先进技术,我们以WP-13作为技术验证机建立了全权限数字电子控制系统研究计划.研究计划包括控制原理和方法,实时控制系统仿真,自动故障检测、定位和重构,机载的发动机数字电子控制器(具有解析和硬件余度),敏感和驱动系统及全控机械液压备份装置.本文概略地介绍这项计划,包括:研究的起因,一般的系统介绍,目标、技术需求及进展,展望. 相似文献
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为建立主燃油计量装置的故障诊断方法,提出一种基于快速存取记录器(QAR)数据的燃油计量参数估计模型建模方法,并结合液压机械控制装置工作原理,给出了基于燃油计量参数残差设计的主燃油计量装置故障诊断方案。设计基于系统辨识的燃油计量活门位置(FMVP)估计模型,采取降阶处理策略以提高模型的估计精度和动态响应速度,在此基础上给出基于多项式拟合的燃油流量(FF)估计模型。结果表明:所建立的FMVP模型估计残差不超过±2%,FF估计模型残差不超过±5%;该方案能够有效地诊断出燃油计量活门故障、线性可变差动位移传感器故障和热式流量计故障。该方案结构简单,不需要大量的调试技术,提高了故障检测精度,具有工程应用前景。 相似文献
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《中国航空学报》2016,(3):799-813
Actuation system is a vital system in an aircraft, providing the force necessary to move flight control surfaces. The system has a significant influence on the overall aircraft performance and its safety. In order to further increase already high reliability and safety, Airbus has imple-mented a dissimilar redundancy actuation system (DRAS) in its aircraft. The DRAS consists of a hydraulic actuation system (HAS) and an electro-hydrostatic actuation system (EHAS), in which the HAS utilizes a hydraulic source (HS) to move the control surface and the EHAS utilizes an elec-trical supply (ES) to provide the motion force. This paper focuses on the performance degradation processes and fault monitoring strategies of the DRAS, establishes its reliability model based on the generalized stochastic Petri nets (GSPN), and carries out a reliability assessment considering the fault monitoring coverage rate and the false alarm rate. The results indicate that the proposed reli-ability model of the DRAS, considering the fault monitoring, can express its fault logical relation and redundancy degradation process and identify potential safety hazards. 相似文献
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余度舵机是电传飞控系统的关键部件,其通道间存在着较严重的力纷争现象。在建立四余度舵机数学模型的基础上,研究了力均衡算法,对四余度舵机一次故障、二次故障情况下的性能降级和可靠性进行了仿真分析。仿真结果标明,优化的力均衡算法可以有效解决力纷争的问题,四余度舵机可以在一次故障、二次故障的情况下持续工作。采用动态故障树分析方法进行了四余度舵机可靠性分析,证明了其具有非常高的可靠性。 相似文献
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《IEEE transactions on aerospace and electronic systems》2008,44(3):940-952
This paper proposes a new interacting multiple model (IMM) filter for actuator fault detection. Since each individual filter of the IMM filter uses the combined information of the estimation values from all the operating filters, it can effectively estimate system parameter variations, thereby it can diagnose the actuator damage with an unknown magnitude. In this study, to diagnose the actuator failure fast and accurately, fuzzy logic is used to tune a transition probability among multiple models. This makes the fault detection process smooth and reduces the possibility of false fault detection. Also, a discrete fault tolerant command tracker is derived to cope with actuator damages. To validate the performance of the proposed fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) algorithm, numerical simulations are performed for a high performance aircraft system. 相似文献
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Fault tolerant control system design with explicit consideration of performance degradation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A new approach is proposed for active fault tolerant control systems (FTCS), which allows one to explicitly incorporate allowable system performance degradation in the event of partial actuator fault in the design process. The method is based on model-following and command input management techniques. The degradation in dynamic performance is accounted for through a degraded reference model. A novel method for,selecting such a model is also presented. The degradation in steady-state performance is dealt with using a command input adjustment technique. When a fault is detected by the fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) scheme, the reconfigurable controller is designed automatically using an eigenstructure assignment algorithm in an explicit model-following framework so that the dynamics of the closed-loop system follow that of the degraded reference model. In the mean time, the command input is also adjusted automatically to prevent the actuators from saturation. The proposed method has been evaluated using the lateral dynamics of an F-8 aircraft against actuator faults subject to constraints on the magnitude of actuator inputs. Very encouraging results have been obtained. 相似文献
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Fault diagnosis of an intelligent hydraulic pump based on a nonlinear unknown input observer 总被引:6,自引:6,他引:0
Hydraulic piston pumps are commonly used in aircraft. In order to improve the viability of aircraft and energy efficiency, intelligent variable pressure pump systems have been used in aircraft hydraulic systems more and more widely. Efficient fault diagnosis plays an important role in improving the reliability and performance of hydraulic systems. In this paper, a fault diagnosis method of an intelligent hydraulic pump system (IHPS) based on a nonlinear unknown input observer (NUIO) is proposed. Different from factors of a full-order Luenberger-type unknown input observer, nonlinear factors of the IHPS are considered in the NUIO. Firstly, a new type of intelligent pump is presented, the mathematical model of which is established to describe the IHPS. Taking into account the real-time requirements of the IHPS and the special structure of the pump, the mechanism of the intelligent pump and failure modes are analyzed and two typical failure modes are obtained. Furthermore, a NUIO of the IHPS is performed based on the output pressure and swashplate angle signals. With the residual error signals produced by the NUIO, online intelligent pump failure occurring in real-time can be detected. Lastly, through analysis and simulation, it is confirmed that this diagnostic method could accurately diagnose and isolate those typical failure modes of the nonlinear IHPS. The method proposed in this paper is of great significance in improving the reliability of the IHPS. 相似文献
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准确的机载系统故障诊断是保证飞机安全飞行和实现经济效益最大化的重要途径。然而传感器受到内外部环境条件的影响而不可避免的存在检测状态的不确定性,因此基于单个传感器或局部区域传感器综合检测结果的方法难以完全保证故障诊断的有效性和正确性。针对飞机机载系统的结构和工作原理,充分利用系统中不同层级、不同区域传感器检测特征之间的关联关系,考虑单个传感器本身存在的不确定性,构建了传感器信息前向融合与反向校验相结合的分层诊断决策方法,实现了对系统状态和传感器状态的双重估计与更新,克服了单一传感器故障对系统诊断推理准确度的影响。该方法较传统故障诊断模型,不再依赖某一个或某一类传感器信息的绝对可靠,在实现系统级的准确故障诊断同时,还能判断具体某一传感器本身是否发生虚拟警。在飞机液压系统故障诊断案例中,新方法成功将系统故障诊断的虚警率降低了96%,传感器的不确定度降低了84%。 相似文献
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航空发动机全生命周期内的故障诊断一直是研究的热点,为保障航空发动机在性能退化条件下故障诊断算法的可靠性,对考虑性能退化的航空发动机进行故障可诊断性量化评估有着重要的意义。本文从状态量的可测量性以及最优观测器设计两个方面对退化状态下航空发动机的滑动窗口模型进行解耦处理。从故障可检测及可隔离两个方面对故障的可诊断性进行量化评估,以巴氏距离为量化标准,将量化评估问题转换为多元分布概率距离求解问题。同时,从故障空间的角度对故障可隔离性进行定义,剥离了参考故障模式的影响,将可隔离性转化为故障空间中故障模式的固有属性,并给出航空发动机故障可检测及可隔离的判据。仿真实验证明,本文所提出的方法可以在发动机性能退化条件下对控制系统传感器、执行机构故障以及发动机气路部件故障进行可诊断性量化评估。 相似文献