机载设备软件需求获取过程研究

DO-178B机载设备软件的开发指南,规定了软件生存周期中各个过程的目标以及完成目标的活动和证据;但是DO-178B标准中没有给出软件需求获取的具体过程.针对机载设备软件AE653/Cert的认证过程进行研究,诠释需求获取过程中的建模方法和原则,给出需求获取过程的具体描述及其变更控制和配置管理.最后通过分析验证软件需求获取过程生成的需求和工作产品可以符合DO-178B的目标,为机载软件开发过程的需求获取提供了参考依据.     

基于SFMEA的机载软件安全性需求提取方法研究

软件失效模式、影响分析(SFMEA)是对软件进行安全性分析的重要方法,通过对软件失效的影响分析、失效原因分析可以得到对应的改进措施,可以提高软件的安全性。通过对SFMEA进行扩展,建立包含有失效原因的经验数据的航空机载软件失效原因库,为用户分析提供辅助参考,确保失效原因以及对应的改进措施分析的充分性,并最终提取软件安全性需求保证后续的软件安全性工作。最后给出了上述方法在某发动机控制软件中的应用,过程和结果均表明该方法能够有效的提取软件安全性需求以支持软件安全性工作并最终保证软件安全性。     

基于需求建模的软件安全性分析方法研究

为了提高软件安全性及可靠性,将需求建模引入针对软件需求的安全性分析过程,利用系统危险源、典型运行场景、外部输入输出接口等建模方法从系统需求分配、动态交互、接口故障处理等开展多角度分析,从而提高软件质量,并为后续软件需求分析以及安全性分析工作中提供可复用数据资产。     

基于安全性的航空发动机控制软件测试技术

针对航空发动机控制软件安全性需求的验证问题,提出了基于需求模型与安全性分析结果的软件测试技术。从软件需求的结构化描述和软件安全性分析结果中的失效和危险因果关系链出发,研究并制定了符合航空发动机控制软件特点的测试用例生成方案,给出了程序化的自动实现算法,并描述了在某重点发动机型号的工程实践情况。     

航空装备复杂软件系统测试技术研究

针对航空装备复杂软件系统交互复杂、强实时性、高可靠性/安全性要求和任务场景复杂的特点,研究了此类软件系统测试技术实现。结合军用软件测试过程,从系统测试需求分析、系统测试环境构建、测试用例设计等测试关键技术的解决入手,提出了系统接口交互、任务场景、可靠性/安全性等需求的提取方法和执行条件要求以及测试覆盖策略,并在某型显控系统软件进行初步验证,有效解决航空装备复杂软件系统测试中存在的不充分、不贴近实战问题。     

一种半实物仿真试验软件安全性评估方法

针对机载软件在多因素耦合复杂飞行情形下的安全性评估与开发安全控制,提出一种基于半实物仿真试验的软件安全性评估方法。介绍了采用飞行模拟器试验对软件安全性进行评估的思想;设计了实施该方法的操作流程;建立了试验平台中仿真系统主要的数学模型;借鉴生物学理论,分析了软件缺陷诱发飞机飞行危险的机理;最后,运用该方法对增稳系统嵌入式软件安全性进行了评估,验证了该方法运用于工程实践的可行性。利用该方法能够减少潜在的机载软件缺陷,降低复杂情形下软件诱发飞机功能危险的概率,提高机载软件安全性。     

现代民用飞机液压系统软件设计

首先概述软件功能、安全性需求与系统需求的追溯性关系,然后对先进民机液压系统中的软件功能进行了分类描述,最后讨论了液压系统机电综合化发展的趋势。随着现代民机自动化程度的提高,完善液压系统软件对提高飞机在民机市场的竞争力有重要意义。     

仿真概念模型的需求获取

概念模型的需求获取关系到仿真模型的质量和仿真实现的成败。文章针对概念建模中需求获取方面的问题,分析了需求获取一般包含的内容,形成过程,表现的技术方法,并将其应用于一个简单的综合防空想定。     

提高机载软件安全性的过程保证方法

在航空电子机载软件研制中,通常重点关注和实现软件的功能和性能,而对软件安全性、完整性以及追溯性不够重视。提出一套以典型软件生存周期为基础,在软件研发各过程中增加具体的安全性相关活动以提高软件安全性的过程保证方法。该方法在某型飞机显示系统软件项目开发和审定中取得一定成效。     

SCADE模型驱动开发过程研究及高安全性分析

本文以模型驱动开发(MDD)为契合点,在统一软件开发过程(RUP)的坚实与敏捷开发方法的灵动之间找到一种平衡,详细介绍了基于高安全性应用程序开发环境(SCADE)模型驱动软件开发过程。它具有连贯迭代、持续构建的特点,同时综合测试的理念贯穿始终。结合航空项目软件研制过程中时间节点紧、需求变化频繁、软件安全性要求高等特点,以某项目为实例,通过需求分析、模型设计、设计验证、安全性分析、代码生成等过程,结果表明基于SCADE模型驱动开发过程既可以借助RUP定义的流程,又是有效地实施敏捷开发的最佳实践,同时大大提高了软件的安全性。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.