蜂窝平板太阳能集热器闷晒对比实验

研制了一种由聚酯薄膜制成的矩形孔蜂窝结构,并制作了蜂窝孔尺寸及壁厚不同的数块蜂窝板。对含有蜂窝结构的平板太阳能集热器与不含蜂窝结构的普通平板集热器,进行了闷晒对比实验。实验表明：蜂窝结构显著提高了平板集热器的平衡温度,且较小的蜂窝孔尺寸及薄的蜂窝孔壁厚效果更为明显;进一步的效率分析也表明∶含蜂窝板的平板集热器,其集热效率比普通平板集热器显著提高     

民用飞机燃油箱系统热模型分析研究

飞机燃油箱系统热分析是飞机燃油系统设计和适航取证的关键技术之一。首先对燃油箱热模型分析方法进行了阐明,然后在典型热天环境中(地面温度为327K)对一种典型民用飞机燃油箱结构的热参数进行了工程计算研究。研究表明,外翼油箱、机身油箱以及集油箱内燃油温度分布不均匀;各油箱燃油温度在地面状态均高于巡航状态;燃油的最高温度时刻出现在地面终了状态,而且最高点位置出现在集油箱内。研究结果既可以指导飞机燃油箱设计,也可以为飞机燃油系统的适航取证提供一定技术支持。     

外置封闭式大型三相绕线型异步电动机集电环通风系统的设计研究

重点介绍了外置封闭式大型三相绕线型异步电动机集电环、刷架通风结构的设计,冷却系统的结构设计,并指出了设计中的关键点。验证了封闭式大型三相绕线型异步电动机集电环各滑环温度均匀性、集电环理论设计与实际测试结果的吻合性。验证了封闭式集电环碳粉收集装置的实用性及改造电机局部结构的可行性。     

新一代数据采集器模拟量采集插件设计技术

数据采集器是飞行试验关键的测试设备,它的性能与现代飞机飞行试验有很大的关系.为满足现代飞机设计定型的需求,新一代数据采集器设计大量采用了FPGA和DSP器件,大大提高了采集器测量参数的采样率、通道数、测量参数类型和使用的灵活性.本文介绍的新一代采集器模拟量采集卡设计技术,用数字信号处理技术来实现信号的放大、滤波及偏置修正,并提供了对采集卡各个部分进行设计的理论依据.     

嵌入式车道收费机

随着越来越多的收费公路建成通车,收费站计算机系统的性能急需改进。因为收费车道工作环境恶劣,灰尘、电磁干扰严重,使得现有收费系统的故障率较高。本文介绍了一种基于开源L inux操作系统的嵌入式收费机,它在稳定性和经济实用性方面优于现有的基于W indows操作系统的车道工控机,该嵌入式车道收费机将逐步取代现有的车道工控机(IPC)。     

交流电量参数采集器的设计

介绍以单片机8031为核心的三相电网电量参数采集器的软硬件设计方法。本采集器采用同步采样技术,对电压、电流直接进行同步交流采样,利用单片机运算处理能力,得出电网的电压、电流、有功、无功功率因素等电量参数。     

基于二维码技术的高校大型仪器设备信息管理系统

针对高校大型仪器设备的基本信息管理特点和使用情况,结合二维条形码技术的特点,提出了一种基于二维码技术的高校大型仪器设备管理信息系统,并对实现这一系统的管理模型、系统的结构与特点以及实现这一系统相关的技术方案以及要解决的关键技术进行了探讨,并着重就二维条形码PDF 417的模板定制和手持数据采集器MC 50的程序设计等问题进行了有益的探讨。     

射频电子源数值仿真及实验研究

射频电子源以其结构简单、不易受污染、寿命长、瞬时启动等优点,可以作为离子和霍尔电推进的中和器,显著提升其寿命和性能。为了研究射频电子源的优化设计方法,基于放电室等离子体整体模型和非双极流动模型开展了射频电子源性能的仿真评估,并对研制的1A级电子源样机开展了实验测试。研究结果显示:仿真与实验结果一致性较好,引出电子电流与收集电压、小孔直径、工质流率、射频功率相关,各参数相互耦合且存在最优组合,样机额定工作点下,电子源放电损耗为99W/A,工质利用率系数为11。     

推进剂管理装置的可靠性增长及试验验证

采用原始的焊接方式焊接筛网式推进剂管理装置的收集器合格率低、可靠性差。为此,采用纯钛箔作为过渡层进行了不锈钢筛网与钛合金支压板的电阻缝焊试验以及随后这两者与钛合金骨架的电子束焊试验,然后进行了地面力学环境下的振动试验,以验证焊接方式改进后收集器的可靠性。焊接试验结果表明,纯钛箔过渡层一方面可以大幅降低筛网在电阻缝焊时的焊接热量,有效地减小筛网的热变形;另一方面可以在电阻缝焊后形成牢固、封闭的纯钛/不锈钢筛网焊缝过渡区,有效地增加电子束焊时筛网的变形抗力,从而使得焊接后试样的合格率和性能大幅提高。振动试验结果表明,焊接方式改进后收集器的可靠度置信下限从0.90增加到了0.96。     

应用于电机转子抛光机可编程控制器系统设计

针对自主研发的电机转子抛光机平台及电气主回路,采用三菱Fx1s PLC作为抛光机运行的控制系统,对转子夹具、可调滑台、抛光电机及吸尘器等执行元件进行控制;最后设计了触摸屏及操作界面。成套设备已应用于工程实践。     

博弈论在税收征管中的运用

运用博弈论分析完全信息下税务机关与纳税人、征税人与检查人之间的最优战略选择问题。通过建立模型得出均衡解，并分析影响均衡解的因素及这些因素变动对博弈双方行为选择的影响。最后，结合模型提出优化税收管理的三点建议：重点突出，提高检查效率；降低检查成本，提高检查人员的专业水平；依法办事，加大对违法人员的惩罚力度。     

PPC8270通过SPI与AD7890进行通信的实现

串行数/模转换器AD7890常用于采集电压数据,为了将采集到的数据便捷地传给处理器,可以采用处理器PPC8270内部的SPI总线作为媒介,实现与AD7890之间的通信.给出了SPI的基本结构以及驱动程序,并设计了测试程序,测试结果表明采集器与处理器之间数据传输正确.     

Netted radar sensing

Future radar applications are beginning to stretch monostatic radar systems beyond their fundamental sensitivity and information limits. Networks of smaller radar systems can offer a route to overcome these limitations; for example, networks of radar sensors can counter stealth technology whilst simultaneously providing additional information for improved target classification. More generally, multiple independent sensors can provide an energetically more efficient collector of radar scatter. The relative merits of non-coherent and coherent networks are introduced and the balance between increased performance, complexity, and cost is discussed.     

Nondestructive Characterization of RBSOA of High-Power Bipolar Transistors

Reverse-bias safe operating area (RBSOA) of high-power Darlington transistors is characterized using a 120 A/1000 V nondestructive reverse-bias second breakdown tester designed and fabricated at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Elaborate RBSOA characteristics are generated with different forward/reverse base drives and collector current levels. The effects of elevated case temperature and second-base drive on RBSOA of four-terminal Darlington devices are also discussed.     

高压涡轮主动间隙热控制系统机匣传热特性试验

设计了实际尺寸高压涡轮（HPT）主动间隙控制（ACC）系统机匣组件试验件,模拟ACC系统在高温、高压条件下的工作状态,研究了HPT机匣的温度分布规律,以及机匣温度随冷气雷诺数的响应特性,验证了供气总管及冲击冷却管的流动特性。结果显示:供气总管压力分布均匀,冲击冷却管从进气端至封闭末端的沿程压力逐渐升高,但管内压力随冲击冷却管开孔面积比的增大而接近一致;当ACC系统不工作和工作时,机匣周向单点温度与平均温度最大相对偏差分别为48%和58%;而在ACC系统工作时,随冷气雷诺数的变大,涡轮外机匣温度能显著降低,试验工况中,机匣各冷却部位平均温度的降幅可达16%～37%,达到预期效果。基于试验测试数据,验证并改进了HPT机匣组件换热分析模型,该模型具有较高精度和良好适用性。      

The Genesis Discovery Mission: Return of Solar Matter to Earth

The Genesis Discovery mission will return samples of solar matter for analysis of isotopic and elemental compositions in terrestrial laboratories. This is accomplished by exposing ultra-pure materials to the solar wind at the L1 Lagrangian point and returning the materials to Earth. Solar wind collection will continue until April 2004 with Earth return in Sept. 2004. The general science objectives of Genesis are to (1) to obtain solar isotopic abundances to the level of precision required for the interpretation of planetary science data, (2) to significantly improve knowledge of solar elemental abundances, (3) to measure the composition of the different solar wind regimes, and (4) to provide a reservoir of solar matter to serve the needs of planetary science in the 21st century. The Genesis flight system is a sun-pointed spinner, consisting of a spacecraft deck and a sample return capsule (SRC). The SRC houses a canister which contains the collector materials. The lid of the SRC and a cover to the canister were opened to begin solar wind collection on November 30, 2001. To obtain samples of O and N ions of higher fluence relative to background levels in the target materials, an electrostatic mirror (‘concentrator’) is used which focuses the incoming ions over a diameter of about 20 cm onto a 6 cm diameter set of target materials. Solar wind electron and ion monitors (electrostatic analyzers) determine the solar wind regime present at the spacecraft and control the deployment of separate arrays of collector materials to provide the independent regime samples. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

对旋式通风机压力脉动特性的数值研究

对矿用对旋式通风机内部的三维非定常湍流流动进行了数值模拟,采用FFT方法得到了包括通风机进口、集流器、前级电机、两级叶轮、后级电机、扩散器和通风机出口等在内的共10个监测面上监测点处压力脉动的时域和频域分布。分析结果表明:对旋式通风机两级叶轮及其附近区域是流场中压力脉动较强的区域;前后两级叶轮之间的动-动干涉、两级叶轮与其相邻部件之间的动-静干涉以及流动的周期非定常特性是通风机内部压力脉动产生的主要根源;设计良好的集流器和扩散器可以显著降低通风机进出口处的压力脉动。研究结果可为通风机的噪声预估和控制提供参考。     

In Situ Collection of Refractory Dust in the Upper Stratosphere: The DUSTER Facility

DUSTER (Dust from the Upper Stratosphere Tracking Experiment and Retrieval) is an instrument designed to collect nanometer to micrometer scale solid aerosol particles in the upper stratosphere on board balloons. With three DUSTER flights we have demonstrated that: (1) the instrument’s performance was within the design parameters of environmental specifications (?80 ^°C; 3–10?mbar); (2) inertial impact collection of aerosols ～500?nm to 24 microns on holey-carbon thin films mounted on Transmission Electron Microscope mesh grids was achieved; (3) the design of an active collector exposed to the air flux and an identical collector “blank”, not exposed to the air flux, to monitor possible contamination permits unambiguous identification of collected particles; (4) save storage of collected samples and subsequent retrieval in the laboratory was achieved with no measurable contamination; (5)?reduced sample manipulation allowed the chemical and structural characterization of collected dust particles by Field-emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-Ray analyses, and infrared and Raman micro-spectroscopy. The main and most ambitious goal is the collection and characterization of solid aerosol particles smaller than 3 microns of solar system debris that are currently not sampled on a routine basis by other instruments in the upper stratosphere. DUSTER will provide a record of the amount of solid aerosols, their size, shapes and chemical properties in the upper stratosphere, including particles less than 3 microns in size. The DUSTER program identified 25 particles as collected during the 2008 flight with sizes in the range of 0.4 to 24 microns.     

The Genesis Solar-Wind Collector Materials

Genesis (NASA Discovery Mission #5) is a sample return mission. Collectors comprised of ultra-high purity materials will be exposed to the solar wind and then returned to Earth for laboratory analysis. There is a suite of fifteen types of ultra-pure materials distributed among several locations. Most of the materials are mounted on deployable panels (‘collector arrays’), with some as targets in the focal spot of an electrostatic mirror (the ‘concentrator’). Other materials are strategically placed on the spacecraft as additional targets of opportunity to maximize the area for solar-wind collection. Most of the collection area consists of hexagonal collectors in the arrays; approximately half are silicon, the rest are for solar-wind components not retained and/or not easily measured in silicon. There are a variety of materials both in collector arrays and elsewhere targeted for the analyses of specific solar-wind components. Engineering and science factors drove the selection process. Engineering required testing of physical properties such as the ability to withstand shaking on launch and thermal cycling during deployment. Science constraints included bulk purity, surface and interface cleanliness, retentiveness with respect to individual solar-wind components, and availability. A detailed report of material parameters planned as a resource for choosing materials for study will be published on a Genesis website, and will be updated as additional information is obtained. Some material is already linked to the Genesis plasma data website (genesis.lanl.gov). Genesis should provide a reservoir of materials for allocation to the scientific community throughout the 21st Century. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Enhanced Power Generation of GSS4PS by Optical Solar Reflectors

A novel arrangement is proposed to enhance the power generation capabilities of a gravitationally stabilized solid-state-satellite solar-power station (GSS4PS) spherical solar collector. The unilluminated portion of a GSS4PS is illuminated by employing optical solar reflectors. The different mechanisms required for implementation of this arrangement are already space proven. The detailed study of this arrangement made by the authors reveals that practical realization of this concept will enhance the power generation capability of the GSS4PS and simultaneously reduce the weight per unit power and cost per unit power in GSS4PS spherical solar collectors.