一种卫星交换系统连接允许控制算法的改进（英文）

连接允许控制(CAC)是对于卫星ATM交换系统的一个重要部分。文章针对卫星ATM中的一种快速缓存分配法可能出现过高的信元丢失率的问题提出了一种有效的改进方法,并通过流体流模型对改进后CAC算法进行了分析和仿真。结果表明,该改进方法是可行的。     

基于卫星ATM传输系统的LDPC码构造方法研究

在卫星ATM传输系统中,由于信道的高误码率,要求对ATM信元进行有效的误码保护。LDPC码是一种性能优越的纠错码。文章针对卫星ATM传输系统构造了一种新型的非规则LDPC纠错码,并对规则和非规则LDPC码进行仿真对比。仿真结果表明,对小于6个ATM信元进行纠错保护时,非规则LDPC码和规则LDPC码具有相似的性能;当被保护信元数超过6个时,非规则LDPC码具有更优越的性能。     

卫星ATM网络中跨层设计的星上缓存管理优化方案

为提高卫星ATM(异步传递方式)网络星上缓存资源的利用率,针对利用上层协议重传的非实时数据业务,采用跨层设计方法提出了一种缓存管理优化方案—错误信元尾丢弃(ECTD)。它把信道误码引起的错误信元及后续的属于同一协议数据单元的无效信元丢弃。以早分组丢弃为基础,进一步建立了采用ECTD和不采用ECTD的分析有效吞吐量的数学模型。数值分析结果表明,ECTD具有优化缓存管理、提高有效吞吐量的作用,而且信元错误率和协议数据单元的长度越大,ECTD对有效吞吐量的改善就越明显。     

ATM信元信头并行CRC生成与校验的FPGA设计

ATM信元交换系统一般采用CRC循环冗余校验编码来保护信元的信头。文章介绍了并行CRC生成的基本方法;研究了并行CRC纠正单比特错误的实现原理;设计了ATM信元信头并行CRC生成与校验的FPCn模块;特定芯片的实现结果表明,CRC生成模块与校验模块的数据吞吐量分别超过1．6Gbit／s和800Mbitl／s。     

卫星ATM交换系统中一种连接允许控制算法的改进

对于卫星ATM交换系统，连接允许控制（Connection Admission Control，CAC）是一个重要部分。针对卫星ATM中的一种连接允许控制算法一快速缓存分配法可能出现过高的信元丢失率提出了一种利用缓存器进行子波束再分配的改进方法，并采用流体流模型对改进后CAC算法进行了分析和仿真。结果表明，随着该改进方法所设置的缓存器容量的增加，信元丢失率明显下降。     

基于蚂蚁算法的星上ATM交换结构

对于卫星ATM交换系统，星上ATM交换结构的设计是一个非常重要的部分。由于卫星通信具有带宽有限、时延受限、信道误码率高等特点，因而设计星上交换结构时必须尽可能降低交换时延，减少内部阻塞。为此，提出一种基于蚂蚁算法的星上ATM交换结构，并对此方案进行了分析和仿真。结果表明，该结构由于采用了蚂蚁算法和阻塞规避方案，有效改善了信元时延和信元丢失率等性能。     

ATM网络中信令传输安全认证问题的研究

ATM网络是面向连接型的转移模式的网络，通过信令传输协议网络用户间可建立虚连接、协商资源分配并实现相互通信。研究ATM网络信今传输的安全问题具有重要意义，本文详细分析了ATM网络信今传输中可能受到的安全威胁，并提出了相应的安全认证对策。     

海外同行

欧洲寻求ATM现代化的全球合作伙伴欧洲认为对SESAR(单一欧洲天空空中交通管理研究项目)和美国的NextGen(下一代空中运输系统)进行整合和协调,对于空中交通管理(ATM)的现代化将是一个历史性的机遇。     

电视电话会议系统在民航ATM网络上的技术应用与实现方式

ATM网络已成为21世纪宽带通信的关键技术，并被国际电联(CCITT)确定为宽带综合业务数字网(B-ISDN)的基本传送方式。ATM(ASYNCHRONOUS TRANSFER MODE)简称异步转移模式，是一种集传输与交换于一体的通信模式，具有传输速度快、带宽高、时延低、距离不受限制等特点。它具有集语音、图像和数据传输于一体的技术特色，并具有灵活性、高速率、多业务、高可靠性和高安全性等特点。     

新兴监视技术在三亚区管应用的研究

一、空管监视系统空管监视系统一般包括空管自动化系统以及航管一、二次雷达和自动相关监视系统(ADS)。国际民航组织(ICAO)明确提出新航行系统的"通信导航监视/空中交通管理"(CNS/ATM)。1995年1月,     

燃气发生器喷注器内氧腔三维流动分析

采用计算流体力学方法数值模拟了某型液体火箭发动机燃气发生器氧腔内部流动,详细分析了氧腔内部的三维流动特性。从压力分布等方面分析了造成喷嘴流量分布不均匀的原因,并据此对发生器结构进行了改进,结果表明喷嘴流量分配均匀性得到了明显改善。     

Inflection points in the development of energy in space

Basing his comments around a report on the Space Power Systems 1997 conference, ‘Energy and Space for Humanity’, held in Montreal, 24-28 August 1997, Richard Boudreault describes the progress made in getting the concept of power from space accepted by the terrestrial utilities. Increasing worries about the sustainability of current power sources together with deregulation of power distribution make space power more attractive. However, the high cost of access to space is a barrier, though this is starting to fall.     

Ariane transfer vehicle in service of man in orbit

The Ariane transfer vehicle (ATV), an Ariane 5 borne, unmanned propulsion vehicle, is designed to transport the logistics needed to resupply the International Space Station (ISS) and the man tended free flyer (MTFF) step 2 with pressurized and unpressurized cargo and to dispose the waste. The ATV is an expendable vehicle and is disposed of by a safe atmospheric burn up. In accordance with the AR5 schedule it should be operational in 1996 for missions toward ISS and beyond the year 2000 for MTFF 2 missions. The main constituents of the proposed ATV are the modified AR5 third stage L5, an upgraded VEB steering the launcher as well as the ATV and the P/L-adaptor providing mechanical and umbilical links to the payload. The mechanical part of the RVD-kit will be placed on the payload-module, the main RVD sensors are located on the adaptor and the needed computer intelligence will be integrated on the VEB. To minimize the development, and recurring costs, the ATV concept fully complies to the idea of maximum use of existing hardware and software, mainly from the AR5, Hermes and Columbus programs thus minimizing development and recurring costs. The ATV is compatible to ISS, MTFF and OMV and is able to transport logistic modules compatible with NSTS and U.S.-expendable launchers.     

Entrapment of bacteria in fluid inclusions in laboratory-grown halite

Cells of the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which were genetically modified to produce green fluorescent protein, were entrapped in fluid inclusions in laboratory-grown halite. The bacteria were used to inoculate NaCl-saturated aqueous solutions, which were allowed to evaporate and precipitate halite. The number, size, and distribution of fluid inclusions were highly variable, but did not appear to be affected by the presence of the bacteria. Many of the inclusions in crystals from inoculated solutions contained cells in populations ranging from two to 20. Microbial attachment to crystal surfaces was neither evident nor necessary for entrapment. Cells occurred exclusively within fluid inclusions and were not present in the crystal matrix. In both the inclusions and the hypersaline solution, the cells fluoresced and twitched, which indicates that the bacteria might have remained viable after entrapment. The fluorescence continued up to 13 months after entrapment, which indicates that little degradation of the bacteria occurred over that time interval. The entrapment, fluorescence, and preservation of cells were independent of the volume of hypersaline solution used or whether the solutions were completely evaporated prior to crystal extraction. The results of this study have a wide range of implications for the long-term survival of microorganisms in fluid inclusions and their detection through petrography. The results also demonstrate the preservation potential for microbes in hypersaline fluid inclusions, which could allow cells to survive harsh conditions of space, the deep geologic past, or burial in sedimentary basins.     

Power law distribution in statistics of failures in operation of spacecraft onboard equipment

The possibility of using the statistics of recurrence time for extreme events is studied in this paper having in mind the problems of control and prediction of failures in spacecraft operation. The information about failures onboard satellites of various types presented by the US National Geophysical Data Center was analyzed. It was found that the probability density of recurrence intervals followed a power law of the Pareto type with an index equal to 2.3. The obtained result is consistent both with the theory of normal catastrophes and with the principle of self-organization of criticality for metastable active heterogeneous environment. A practical consequence of the obtained result consists in the fact that predictions of these extreme events should not rely on traditional models with the second-order Pearson statistics. To make predictions, the models are necessary that take into account the power law distribution of recurrence intervals for failures on satellites. The failures should be considered in these models as extreme events connected with manifestation of the space environment factors.     

航空航天复合材料非热压罐成型研究进展

介绍了复合材料非热压罐成型的研究进展,包括非热罐成型用的树脂体系、预浸料技术、纤维自动铺放技术以及双真空袋成型工艺等,探讨了非热压罐技术的发展现状和前景。     

深空DTN网络中LTP协议的额外传输开销优化

针对深空延迟/中断容忍网络(DTN)能量资源有限,而利克里德传输协议(LTP)段大小对额外传输开销影响明显,需要确定最优的LTP段大小的问题,文章分析了深空DTN网络的数据传输过程,利用深空DTN网络中额外传输开销的数学理论模型,通过求导的方法计算出了LTP段大小的最优值,并得到了最优化问题的解析解。数值仿真结果表明:通过解析解表达式得到的LTP段大小的最优值与该最优化问题的数值解重合,在深空通信时采用此方法,可快速精准地选择LTP段大小,也可大幅减小额外传输开销。     

Current barriers and factors of success in the diffusion of satellite services in Europe

Satellite services benefit civil society by helping tackle challenges such as climate change, the digital divide, etc. They have the potential to deliver concrete benefits to European society through innovative services supporting economic, societal and environmental policies. Such benefits can trigger increased public support for space in Europe. However, this potential has yet to be achieved. This paper argues that technological bias, the diversity of interests and initiatives among stakeholders and their individual actions do not always serve their collective objective to ensure wide diffusion of satellite services. It draws on theories of diffusion of innovation and on its authors' participatory work with the space and the user communities and at their interface in an effort to help diffuse satellite services within civil society. One of the major causes of insufficient service diffusion is the weakness of the interface between the space and user communities; some of factors that currently contribute to this state of affairs are the space community's over-reliance on publicly financed, technical demonstration projects as solutions to service diffusion; insufficient coordination by public authorities of innovation policies and programmes with other public policies and objectives; and an insufficient integration of satellite services within users' culture, traditional tools and services. The discussion allows for conclusions to be drawn on how the system of stakeholders could function better in order for satellite services to be successfully diffused in Europe.     

高等数学教学中数学建模思想的渗透

本文从数学建模及其重要意义角度出发,指出了学习数学建模的必要性和现在数学教学中存在的主要问题。学习高等数学的目的在于应用数学思想方法解决实际问题,将数学建模思想渗透到高等数学课程中,可提高学生应用数学知识和方法解决实际问题的能力,培养学生的数学素养、创新意识、创新精神和能力,从教学内容、教学手段、评价方法等各个环节注重数学建模思想的渗透,使数学建模意识成为学生思考问题的方法和习惯。