环形叶栅内利用非定常激励减少分离区损失的研究

阐述了在环形扩压叶栅内利用非定常激励减少分离区损失的实验研究成果。在测得各个工况下环形叶栅的分离旋涡频谱特性的基础上，采用施加声激励的实验手段，系统研究了扩压环形叶栅内流动与非定常扰动之间相互作用的机理，证实了一定条件下的非定常扰动能促使叶栅分离区的减小，从而降低总压损失，达到提高气动性能的目的。分别从激励频率和强度的角度出发，探索了影响激励效果的途径。     

静叶片时序效应对压气机叶片非定常气动负荷的影响

采用数值方法对两级低速压气机中径处的流场进行非定常模拟。研究第二排静叶在两个典型周向位置上的叶片气动负荷,分析各列叶栅气动负荷的非定常波动以及静叶时序效应对叶栅气动负荷的影响。对各列叶栅的非定常气动力和气动力矩进行频谱分析,探讨叶列间的非定常气动干扰。结果表明,时序效应对静叶片气动负荷的影响明显高于动叶片的。时序效应能够提高压气机的性能与叶片寿命.      

进口扰动波对二维叶栅气动性影响的数值模拟

以某型航空发动机叶轮机为研究对象,采用了周期性边界条件和spalart-allmaras湍流计算模型,通过数值模拟,研究了进口扰动波对二维叶栅气动性能的影响,结果表明:随着扰动振幅和扰动频率的增大,叶栅通道的总压损失系数均变大。     

非定常条件下叶片弯曲对流场参数的影响

分别对具有弯、直导叶的一级涡轮叶栅流场进行了非定常的数值模拟。研究了叶片弯曲对多级叶栅流场非定常气动性能尤其是效率的影响 ;分析了叶片弯曲对尾迹扩散效应及对其三维形状的影响 ;以及尾迹形状与扩散过程的变化对动叶进口条件的改变 ;同时还研究了叶片弯曲对涡轮级内非定质量堆积的影响。通过对定常效率与非定常效率波动及其平均值的对比 ,分析了在考虑非定常条件下弯曲导叶对降低本列叶栅损失与动叶内损失的贡献     

压气机二维叶栅涡脱落的数值模拟

对某压气机二维叶栅的非定常分离流场进行了数值模拟,通过对多种工况的计算,进行了频谱分析,对叶栅非定常流动的流场结构和流动机理做了初步的探讨。在来流均匀,定常边界条件下,叶栅内流动仍然表现出强烈的非定常性;在大攻角下有类卡门涡的脱落;旋涡脱落的频率,随着攻角和马赫数的变化而变化;分离点的位置随着攻角和马赫数的变化而变化。     

跨音叶栅气动弹性稳定性的数值分析

在叶轮机械的非定常跨音流场中,激波会对气动弹性稳定性有很大影响。而激波的形状、数目、位置又与叶栅的一系列几何参数及气动参数密切相关,事先难以规定。为能考虑叶型叶栅的非定常跨音带激波绕流,本文发展了一种有限差分数值解法。其中速度势被分解为定常和非定常小扰动两部分,并用跨音松弛法求解关于非定常扰动速势的空问变系数线性复变量微分方程。 文中给出的一些数值结果表明,对于进出口M数均小于1.0的叶栅非定常跨音流动说来,局部超音区结尾处激波的存在有很大影响。本研究还预测到在高亚音进口M数,低负攻角条件下出现弯曲颤振的可能。     

尾迹与涡轮叶栅边界层的相互作用

通过实验和数值模拟的手段研究了尾迹与边界层的相互作用,其中上游叶排尾迹的模拟是通过在涡轮叶栅前设置周期性运动的圆柱实现的.研究表明,上游尾迹对涡轮叶栅边界层的发展有显著影响,在其作用下,吸力面边界层提前转捩,分离得到明显的抑制,利用尾迹与边界层相互作用的非定常效应可以明显提高低压涡轮叶栅气动负荷.      

振荡叶栅气动性能实验研究(英文)

为了提供双凸翼型叶栅在所有叶间相位角及实际折合频率下高亚音和跨音定常和振荡气动性能的基本数据,在 NASA路易斯研究中心的跨音振荡叶栅试验设备上进行了一系列试验。为了进行该试验,研制出并使用了非定常气动影响系数法,即叶栅中一次只有一个翼型振荡,测出该振荡翼型与邻近静止翼型上非定常压力的矢量和,藉此就能确定在特定叶间相位角下相当于全部叶片振荡的叶栅的非定常气动性能。      

叶轮机非定常气动设计的缘线匹配技术

本文提出一种新的叶轮机气动设计自由度——缘线匹配技术。缘线匹配是指相邻两叶排中前排叶片后缘线与后排叶片前缘线的空间关系,更准确地说是其相位角关系。叶片尾缘线表征了叶片出口气流的分布型,它囊括了尾迹、激波、二次流等所有影响,另一方面,叶片前缘线代表了其对上游流场的势干扰。定常气动设计体系只能部分考虑叶片缘线的相互影响,大部分则被忽略了,然而在非定常框架下,相邻叶排缘线所代表的相互影响是显著的。本文首次提出了叶轮机非定常设计的缘线匹配技术,并通过理论分析及直列涡轮叶栅的非定常数值模拟结果展示了缘线匹配技术在未来提高叶轮机气动性能、气弹性能、气动噪声和热传导性能上的潜在能力。作者认为,缘线匹配技术将使叶轮机的非定常气动设计具有真实而可操作的内容,是叶轮机非定常气动设计的核心技术之一。      

端壁非定常脉冲射流对高速扩压叶栅性能的影响

为探究非定常脉冲振荡射流对高速平面扩压叶栅气动性能、分离流动控制以及流场结构的影响,基于CFX数值模拟方法对平面扩压叶栅进行端壁非定常脉冲射流研究,分析射流效果随射流位置、角度和强度的变化规律。结果表明,通过角区脉冲射流可以显著提高叶栅气动性能,仅采用不足叶栅主流0.3%的射流流量,就能使叶栅出口总压损失系数降低28.66%。当射流位于吸力面侧分离起始位置稍下游时控制效果最佳;射流角度、射流强度和射流频率的最佳值分别为α=20°,C_u=110%和F⁺=0.80;脉冲射流具有较好的适应性,在来流冲角i=-8°～+4°内均能降低叶栅损失。脉冲射流主要通过抑制和推迟通道涡和集中脱落涡的发展,减小其影响范围来改善叶栅内的涡系结构。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.