卫星S波段测控信道总体设计

概述卫星S波段测控系统的主要功能,S波段测控信号在空间传输信道中的功率损耗和附加噪声,以及由于星上应答机两种不同的测距信号提取方法而造成的信道设计的区别之处。在此基础上,详细研究了射频功率分配和副载波频率干扰两个问题,包括:如何达到最大的已调载波的功率效率,在测距和数据信道(遥控和遥测)同时工作时,如何确定最佳分配已调载波功率的约束条件,如何建立有、无测距音提取滤波器两种情况的调制指数设计方程,以及如何进行副载波频率干扰计算。     

一种利用卫星通信信号实现测距的方法研究

目前我国的测控体制主要分为侧音测距和伪码测距两种，这两种方式都有其各自的特点。文章基于现有的同步卫星传输通信信号实现测距功能的思路，提出了一种测距系统方案。     

卫星跟踪系统检测设备测距终端

东方红三号卫星跟踪系统测试设备测距终端是为东方红三号跟踪系统测试设备测量应答机距离零值而专门研制的。它可以产生高稳定度、多种复杂组合形式的测距音,并能从复杂的接收机视频信号中稳定地提取单一测距音。本文对测距终端的组成、功能、性能指标、技术特点等予以详细介绍。     

多侧音三点测距系统距离测量及其计算方法

阐述了同步卫星多侧音三点测距系统距离测量原理及其计算方法。单音测量距离时，存在距离模糊。采用多音联合测量距离，解决了距离模糊问题。多侧音测距能够精确测量距离。     

一种重构次侧音相位的侧音测距匹配算法

针对Cortex CRT基带在INMARSAT标准测距过程中输出的侧音相位数据,设计一种LEOP阶段重构次侧音相位的侧音测距匹配算法。该算法用实测数据修正LEOP阶段的跟踪预报距离误差,用修正后的跟踪预报距离重构次侧音相位,然后用测量的主侧音和重构的次侧音数据解算星地距离。仿真计算与实际飞行任务结果表明,算法可以正确地解算LEOP阶段Cortex CRT基带在INMARSAT标准测距过程中的星地距离。     

利用AOS插入业务实现伪码测距的实验验证

通过搭建桌面联试系统对利用高级在轨系统(AOS)插入业务实现伪码测距方案进行实验验证。实验系统包括星上插入和地面提取2个过程。用设计电路模拟测距环路，主要验证测距伪码在插入和提取过程中处理时延的稳定性。实验结果表明，时延的稳定性能够满足测距要求。由此说明插入法可用于伪码测距。     

波导双通带滤波器

应用单个谐振器提取衰减极点的原理和引入有关的交叉耦合的方法，利用一个滤波器结构实现了陡峭衰减的双通带滤波器。分析了这种滤波器的基本原理，介绍了有关的设计参数和方法，并采用两腔波导滤波器进行了实验，实测的电性能与理论分析特性吻合较好。     

USB系统多副载波调制对测距性能的影响

侧音测距是统一S频段(USB)系统中经常采用的测距方式。针对某型综合基带测试中出现的测距距离漂移过大的问题,首先对侧音测距的原理、多副载波调制信号的特性进行分析,然后通过实验测试论证,讨论在不同的调制度、调制数据、副载波频率和码速率组合情况下,多个副载波交叉调制产生的组合频率对测距主音的干扰,从而确定了问题产生的原因,最后根据理论分析和实验测试结果提出一些预防措施。     

多侧音测距系统跳数分析与解决途径

以应用在风云二号卫星地面站(CDAS站)中三点测距系统为例,在对侧音测距原理描述的基础上,分析了测距跳数的原因,给出了改进方法,并且通过实验证实了该方法是行之有效的,提高了系统的精度,保证了系统的可靠性。     

对某距离自动跟踪系统测距误差的分析

根据某距离自动跟踪系统设计的实际情况，分析了系统中模拟数字（ＡＤ）转换电路、动目标显示（ＭＴＩ）与求模运算、波形分析和α－β滤波器所引入的测距误差，得出ＡＤ采样率和波形分析的内插点数决定了系统引入测距误差大小的结论。对实际工作参数的计算及校飞试验的结果证明，此距离自动跟踪系统引入的测距误差较小，满足雷达系统的要求。     

On the stability of the track of the space elevator

A string moving with geostationary angular velocity in its radial relative equilibrium configuration around the Earth, reaching from the surface of the Earth far beyond the geostationary height, could be used as track for an Earth to space elevator. This is an old dream of mankind, originating about 100 years ago in Russia. Besides the question of feasibility from a technological point of view also the question concerning the stability of such a configuration has not yet been completely solved. Under the assumption that a proper material (carbon nanotubes) is available, making the connection possible technologically, we address the question of existence and stability of the radial relative equilibrium of a tapered string on a circular geosynchronous trajectory around the Earth, reaching from the surface of the Earth far beyond the geostationary height.     

On the Possibility of the Existence of Volatile Compounds in the Region of the Scott Crater on the Moon

In this paper, we analyze the illumination conditions, the thermal regime, and the possibility of deposits of volatile compounds existing in the vicinity region (NSR S5 region) near the southern pole of the Moon. It has been found that there are no permanently shadowed zones near the Scott crater and the NSR S5 region, though the temperature conditions allow the of compounds such as CH₃OH, SO₂, NH₃, CO₂, H₂S, C₂H₄, and water to remain stable relative to evaporation for a long time (≥1 Gyr). It has been also shown that compounds like CO and CH₄ cannot stably exist in these regions.     

Estimation of the current density and analysis of the geometry of the current system surrounding the Earth

The results of an investigation of the distribution of plasma pressure, pressure gradients, and magnetic field near the equatorial plane in the plasma ring surrounding the Earth under magneto-quiet conditions are presented. Observational data obtained during the international THEMIS mission are used. The picture of the distribution of transverse-current density near the equatorial plane was obtained under assumption of observing the magnetostatic balance condition at geocentric distances from 6 to 12R _E. In estimating the integral transverse current it was accepted that in daytime sector the magnetic-field minima on magnetic field lines are not localized in the equatorial plane. Estimates of the integral transverse current were obtained, which demonstrate the possibility of closing nighttime transverse currents at geocentric distances of up to ～12R _E inside the magnetosphere, which form a high-latitudinal continuation of the ring current.     

对老年人体育锻炼负荷量监控方法的探讨

通过对老年人体育锻炼活动的情况进行相关调查，发现目前老年人体育锻炼中存在一些误区。因此本文针对这些现实情况提出，应根据实际情况运用一些简单易行的方法来对老年人体育锻炼实施医务监督，达到提高老年人体育锻炼的科学性。     

实施“三位一体”教育模式 提高学生的综合素质

本文介绍了“三位一体”教育模式的内容,描述亍我们实施该模式所采取的措施及取得的成效。实践表明,“三位一体”教育模式能够提高学生的综合素质,为学生毕业后的发展打下坚实基础,对教育模式的改革具有一定的指导意义。     

Estimating the accuracy of the technique of reconstructing the rotational motion of a satellite based on the measurements of its angular velocity and the magnetic field of the Earth

The paper has studied the accuracy of the technique that allows the rotational motion of the Earth artificial satellites (AES) to be reconstructed based on the data of onboard measurements of angular velocity vectors and the strength of the Earth magnetic field (EMF). The technique is based on kinematic equations of the rotational motion of a rigid body. Both types of measurement data collected over some time interval have been processed jointly. The angular velocity measurements have been approximated using convenient formulas, which are substituted into the kinematic differential equations for the quaternion that specifies the transition from the body-fixed coordinate system of a satellite to the inertial coordinate system. Thus obtained equations represent a kinematic model of the rotational motion of a satellite. The solution of these equations, which approximate real motion, has been found by the least-square method from the condition of best fitting between the data of measurements of the EMF strength vector and its calculated values. The accuracy of the technique has been estimated by processing the data obtained from the board of the service module of the International Space Station (ISS). The reconstruction of station motion using the aforementioned technique has been compared with the telemetry data on the actual motion of the station. The technique has allowed us to reconstruct the station motion in the orbital orientation mode with a maximum error less than 0.6° and the turns with a maximal error of less than 1.2°.     

Optimization of the trajectory of the spacecraft insertion into the system of heliocentric orbits

The possibility of the spacecraft insertion into the system of operational heliocentric orbits has been analyzed. It has been proposed to use a system of several operational heliocentric orbits. On each orbit, the spacecraft makes one or more revolutions around the Sun. These orbits are characterized by a relatively small perihelion radius and relatively high inclination, which allows one to investigate the polar regions of the Sun. The transition of the spacecraft from one orbit to another has been performed using an unpowered gravity assist maneuver near Venus and does not require the cruise propulsion operation. Each maneuver transfers the spacecraft into the sequence of operational heliocentric orbits. We have analyzed several systems of operational heliocentric orbits into which the spacecraft can be inserted by means of the considered transportation system with electric propulsion (EP). The mass of the spacecraft delivered to these systems of operational orbits has been estimated.     

从应变计现状看电阻式传感器的前景

电阻式传感器的核心部件——电阻应变计是目前最常用的应力分析的敏感元件。也常用于测量力、压力、扭矩和加速度等物理量。作者简要回顾了电阻应变计的发展历史，介绍了电阻应变计的结构、分类及现状，展望了电阻式传感器的前景。     

System of works on numerical modeling of the dynamics of the structure of the Space Radiotelescope in the RadioAstron project

The results of modeling the dynamics of the Space Radiotelescope are presented. The results of ground-based vibration-dynamic tests are used to validate the calculation models and estimate the damping levels. The dynamic distortions of the reflecting surface caused by the operation of the pointing mechanism of the high-gain antenna are estimated.     

复杂受载条件下固体火箭发动机壳体屈曲应力的估计

论文简略介绍了静力轴压下园柱壳屈曲应力的工程计算方法,对某固体火箭发动机壳体的复杂受载条件对壳体屈曲应力的影响进行了分析,并对该火箭发动机壳体屈曲应力如何估计提出了建议。