尖前缘一体化高温热管启动性能计算分析

针对尖前缘高温热管工程设计与启动性能评估需求,基于描述碱金属高温热管启动过程的“温度锋面”模型,建立了一种用于分析不规则外形且承受非均匀瞬态气动加热的一体化尖前缘高温热管启动性能工程计算方法。该方法结合尖前缘气动加热环境分布特点进行计算节点划分,采用热管基本理论和局部能量守恒原理计算热管温度分布及“温度锋面”位置,实现尖前缘热管启动过程的理论预测。同时,采用均匀受热圆柱热管和尖前缘一体化热管启动试验结果对计算方法进行了验证。最后针对某尖前缘一体化高温热管结构在气动加热环境下的启动性能进行计算分析,提出了减小尖前缘高温热管启动时间的可能方法和措施：尖前缘高温热管启动后等温性良好,通过控制热管总长、壳体厚度、工质充装量等设计参数或调整热管初始温度可进一步缩短热管启动时间。     

折叠球形气囊展开过程仿真

球形气囊展开和折叠过程复杂,采用实验手段研究其展开过程存在诸多不便。建立以单侧内折方式折叠的球形气囊数值分析模型,研究球形气囊折叠后充气展开的动态应用特性,比较相同充气条件不同折叠层数和相同折叠层数不同充气条件下气囊展开动态特性的差异;对影响气囊展开过程中体积和内压曲线变化的因素进行分析,分别讨论折叠层数、充气速率和充气量对球形气囊动态特性的影响。结果表明:单侧内折折叠次数增多会导致气囊内压最大值增大,应用时设定气囊折叠次数应考虑气囊材料最大内压承受能力;充气速率和充气量均会影响气囊展开的稳定性,充气速率的影响主要在充气及气囊展开初期阶段,而充气量的影响主要在充气完成后的自由展开阶段。     

Theoretical determination of shot peening process parameters

In this paper, a proper choice of technological parameters for a shot peening process is considered, namely, the shot diameter, shot blast velocity, density of shot material, and depth of a plastically deformed layer-depending on the material being processed. The data presented can be used in calculations of technological parameters of FV monolithic panel shaping.     

基于共轭传热的单边膨胀后体温度场计算分析

基于共轭传热数值计算方法,对某高隐身无人机（UAV）单边膨胀后体喷流作用下的壁面温度分布进行研究,利用薄壁型网格解决了面积大且厚度薄的蒙皮、侧板结构导致的网格量过大的问题,构建精度较高的计算模型,并完成相关计算分析,主要结论如下：传统的单一流体计算虽然可以得到相似的温度分布,但得到的温度值偏高,最大可相差50 K以上;共轭传热计算可以得到更为符合实际的结果,并且可以得到结构内部温度梯度的分布,为热应力分析及结构设计提供指导;对比相同流动条件下不同金属材料的影响,某耐高温合金的壁面温度极值比金属钢高约30 K,且其上、下壁面的温差更大,梯度更高,两材料纵向肋板位置温度梯度极值分别为120 K/cm和65 K/cm。     

脉冲爆震燃气膨胀过程及能量转换难易度评价方法

为了提高脉冲爆震燃气的能量转换效率,分析了脉冲爆震燃气在涡轮内的膨胀过程,建立了评价爆震燃气能量转换难易度计算方法,并基于脉冲爆震燃烧室与轴流涡轮匹配工作数值模型,采用涡轮效率对燃气能量转换难易度计算方法进行了验证,结果表明:①爆震波膨胀过程,爆震燃气在涡轮静叶内会产生热壅塞现象,并往上游形成前传压缩波;②涡轮内爆震燃...     

镍基高温合金GH4169孔挤压强化数值模拟方法及参数影响

为探究孔挤压工艺在镍基高温合金上的应用,建立了镍基高温合金GH4169孔挤压工艺的数值模拟方法,并通过试验验证了方法的有效性,讨论了芯棒材料、挤压量和摩擦因数对周向残余应力分布的影响规律。结果表明:GH4169的挤压量上限为186%,并得到了挤压量和摩擦因数的优选范围;残余压应力层的深度受挤压量控制,在挤入面和挤出面都与挤压量呈正相关的线性关系,但存在最佳挤压量;挤压过程中芯棒会发生塑性变形,选材时要综合考虑芯棒的屈服强度和强度极限;摩擦因数仅影响孔边的残余应力分布,润滑不良时挤出面会因材料堆积而成为危险截面。     

基于Volterra-Laguerre扩展模型的发动机加速过程辨识

提出了航空发动机的动态非线性Voherra-Laguerre扩展模型的辨识建模方法.应用Laguerre序列简化线性系统的原理,将Volterra级数模型拓展为Volterra-Laguerre扩展模型,该模型较传统Volterra级数模型减少了辨识量,提高了辨识速度.采用航空发动机地面试车数据辨识建立了其加速过程非线性Volt-erra-Laguerre扩展模型,通过递推最小二乘法辨识了模型参数.仿真结果表明,模型精度高,高低压转子相对转速误差均小于1%,涡轮后燃气温度误差小于3℃,满足发动机控制仿真的需要.     

Calculation of energy parameters in high-speed centrifugal pumps of low specific speed

The specific features of the energy parameter calculation for centrifugal low specific speed pumps in operation on different working fluids in a wide range of viscosity variation are considered. The relations for conversion of the pump parameters obtained during model tests to operational parameters are presented.     

GH4169孔挤压强化工艺过程数值模拟

在验证镍基高温合金GH4169中心孔挤压(CE)三维有限元模型正确性的基础上,利用单元删除法研究倒角、孔挤压-倒角顺序和铰削量3种具体工艺过程对孔边周向残余应力分布的影响。结果表明:孔边小于芯棒过盈量的初始倒角可以减小孔挤压后残余压应力;采用孔挤压-倒角的工艺顺序可以在孔边获得更小的残余压应力。铰孔可增大孔边入口处残余压应力,去除残余压应力极小值部分的材料。因此,在挤压强化后应尽量避免铰孔。     

Effects of process parameters on mechanical properties of abrasive-assisted electroformed nickel

A cathode mandrel with translational and rotational motion, which was supposed to obtain uniform friction effect on surface, was employed in abrasive-assisted electroforming for revolving parts with complex profile. The effects of current density, translational speed and rotational speed on the deposit properties were studied by orthogonal test. The tensile strength, elongation and micro hardness value were measured to find out how the factors affected the properties. The optimized results show that changes of current density affect the tensile strength of nickel layer most, while translational speed has the most remarkable influences on both elonga-tion and micro hardness. The low rotational speed affects the properties least. In this experiment, a smooth nickel layer with tensile strength 581 MPa, elongation 17%and micro hardness 248HV is obtained by the orthogonal test.     

Influences of characteristic parameters on starting-up process of an arcjet thruster

Arcjet thruster has been a widely used electrical propulsion technology on GEO satellites since 1993. In its long history of technical development and commercial application, lifetime verification of an arcjet thruster is always one of the most important and expensive tasks.Considering that the main life limitation of an arcjet thruster is electrode ablation and a significant share of the total ablation happens in its starting-up process, the starting-up process is studied with arc voltage signa...     

Calculation of high-temperature insulation parameters and heat transfer behaviors of multilayer insulation by inverse problems method

In the present paper, a numerical model combining radiation and conduction for porous materials is developed based on the finite volume method. The model can be used to investigate high-temperature thermal insulations which are widely used in metallic thermal protection systems on reusable launch vehicles and high-temperature fuel cells. The effective thermal conductivities（ECTs） which are measured experimentally can hardly be used separately to analyze the heat transfer behaviors of conduction and radiation for high-temperature insulation. By fitting the effective thermal conductivities with experimental data, the equivalent radiation transmittance, absorptivity and reflectivity, as well as a linear function to describe the relationship between temperature and conductivity can be estimated by an inverse problems method. The deviation between the calculated and measured effective thermal conductivities is less than 4%. Using the material parameters so obtained for conduction and radiation, the heat transfer process in multilayer thermal insulation（MTI） is calculated and the deviation between the calculated and the measured transient temperatures at a certain depth in the multilayer thermal insulation is less than 6.5%.     

融合机床精度与工艺参数的铣削误差预测模型

为弥补现有五轴联动数控铣床加工飞机结构件的加工精度评估系统的不足,提出利用机床精度检测数据和零件特征及其工艺参数来构建评估指标体系,基于BP神经网络建立了飞机结构件加工误差预测模型。通过完成训练的网络权值分布,计算出各输入指标对最后评估结果的影响,并通过实例分析检验了模型的可靠性。结果表明,经BP神经网络模型训练得到的结果和样本零件的三坐标测量机测量数据基本吻合,选取的评价指标具有有效性。该评估模型能够有效地融合机床精度检测数据和零件特征及其加工工艺参数,对飞机结构件的铣削加工误差进行预测。     

Calculation of process variables at composite Z-crimp shaping using the folding method

This paper presents a calculation technique for transformable tooling adjustment variables in the process of Z-crimp shaping from polymer composite prepregs. Equations for determining the position of structural tooling elements prior to crimping are obtained based on the conditions of equilibrium in the process of interaction between transformable mandrels and a raw packed sheet. The relations that allow calculation of tooling adjustment variables are presented.     

Enhanced motion and sizing of bank in moving-bank MMAE

The focus of this research is to provide methods for generating precise parameter estimates in the face of potentially significant parameter variations such as system component failures. The standard multiple model adaptive estimation (MMAE) algorithm uses a bank of Kalman filters, each based on a different model of the system. Parameter discretization within the MMAE refers to selection of the parameter values assumed by the elemental Kalman filters, and dynamically redeclaring such discretization yields a moving-bank MMAE. A new online parameter discretization method is developed based on the probabilities associated with the generalized chi-squared random variables formed by residual information from the elemental Kalman filters within the MMAE. This new algorithm is validated through computer simulation of an aircraft navigation system subjected to interference/jamming while attempting a successful precision landing of the aircraft.     

考虑孔隙的针刺C/SiC复合材料弹性参数计算

基于针刺陶瓷基复合材料试件(CMCs)光学显微照片的微观型貌,并选择恰当的代表体积单元(RVE),建立了针刺陶瓷基复合材料弹性性能预测的单胞模型.考虑了孔隙率对基体和纤维束弹性性能的影响,采用混合率计算出纤维束的弹性常数,然后将纤维束和基体的弹性参数代入到单胞模型中,通过有限元法计算得到复合材料的整体弹性常数.开展了材料拉伸试验和孔隙率测定试验,测得材料的开孔孔隙率为7.33%,闭孔孔隙率为10.67%,弹性性能的计算结果与试验吻合较好,误差为3.1%.      

基于Φ函数的等熵膨胀过程数学模型

为了解决航空发动机总体性能计算中,主要的等熵膨胀过程数学模型中存在理想状态值的计算,使计算结果与实际值相比产生一定误差的问题.从过程效率定义式入手,推导出基于Φ函数的等熵膨胀过程数学模型.与基于熵的等熵膨胀过程数学模型以及带理想状态值计算的等熵膨胀过程数学模型的计算结果进行比较与分析之后,得出结论是：①基于Φ函数的等熵膨胀过程数学模型的应用可使计算精度得到提高;②基于Φ函数的等熵膨胀过程数学模型的应用较为简便,可以提高编程效率和计算效率.     

温度参数对铸型搅动整体细晶铸造涡轮晶粒特性的影响

研究了铸造温度参数(型壳温度T型壳、浇注过热度△T)在铸型搅动整体涡轮细晶铸造工艺中对涡轮各部位晶粒特性的影响。结果表明:型壳温度、浇注过热度对整体细晶铸造涡轮轮毂中心部位晶粒特性没有明显影响,该部位的晶粒度主要由铸型搅动机械参数决定;型壳温度、浇注过热度的复合作用对整体细晶铸造涡轮叶片部位晶粒的尺寸与形态有关键影响。     

Neck-spinning quality analysis and optimization of process parameters for plunger components: Simulation and experimental study

The plunger component is a key part of the plunger pump in the aircraft hydraulic system. Neck-spinning process is commonly used to fabricate plunger components, of which the quality of the spinning process significantly affects the performance of plunger pumps. One of the bottlenecks faced by the industry in the spinning process is to choose a suitable neck-spinning process so as to ensure the quality of plunger components. It is necessary to propose a reliable method to optimize the process parameters which affect the neck-spinning quality of plunger components. In this study, a calculable finite element analysis (FEA) model is established to simulate the three-roller neck-spinning process of the plunger component, which includes six typical slipper structures, two roller structures, and two spinning parameters. The FEA model is then validated by comparing the simulated spinning forces with the corresponding experimental results. The influence of the process conditions on the neck-spinning quality is investigated. And the orthogonal simulation results are analyzed by a combination of range method and fuzzy mathematical analysis method to recommend a reasonable slipper structure, roller structure and neck-spinning parameters. This study provides a promising method to improve the manufacturing quality of the typical plunger components.     

喷油方位参数对航空直齿轮喷油润滑过程的影响

通过对航空直齿轮喷油润滑过程的深入分析,对影响齿轮啮合点润滑初始条件的喷油方位参数进行了系统的定义,并在此基础上建立了喷油润滑过程的计算流体动力学(CFD)模型,分别对喷油角度、喷油点位置以及喷油距离3个喷油方位参数的喷油润滑过程进行了计算,得到了齿轮不同啮合瞬时的射流状态,并对不同喷油方位参数下齿轮啮合过程中接触点入口处的油气率与气液总压变化规律进行了比较.结果表明:当采用啮入侧喷油润滑时,为了得到更好的润滑效果,应该使喷油嘴向主动轮偏离一个小的角度,同时使喷油点位置向啮入侧偏离,而对于喷油距离,则应视结构、工况综合考虑而定,但并不是一般认为的越近越好.