基于退步法的敏捷航天器姿态控制方法

主要研究敏捷航天器大角度姿态机动问题。首先,以SGCMG(Single Gimbal Control Momentum Gyroscope,单框架控制力矩陀螺)为执行机构,建立了基于四元数的航天器姿态机动数学模型;然后,针对SGCMG的奇异问题,研究了基于力矩输出和回避奇异能力最优的联合操纵律;最后,基于敏捷航天器姿态误差模型和李雅普诺夫稳定理论设计了一种退步控制律。仿真结果表明,该控制方法能够很好地实现大角度机动目标并有效避免了SGCMG的奇异状态,满足姿态机动任务的控制精度和稳定度要求。     

基于地面任务-空间姿态映射的敏捷卫星任务规划

面向观测时间窗口相互重叠的多点目标观测任务需求,对敏捷卫星单星单轨任务规划问题进行研究。针对传统方法在卫星机动能力受限和成像任务冗余两种情况下求解效率低的缺陷,引入任务-姿态协同规划思想。首先,建立地面任务和空间姿态映射关系,并考虑相邻任务间姿态机动时间的最优性使得卫星在观测相邻任务时无多余等待时间,以此来设计任务-姿态协同规划数学模型。其次,根据任务-姿态协同规划数学模型,设计自适应伪谱遗传算法（APGA）,用以求解满足调整时间最优性的敏捷卫星任务规划问题。最后,通过仿真实验,验证了模型和算法能够有效地解决传统算法求解敏捷卫星任务规划问题时存在的求解效率低的缺陷。     

应用SGCMG的卫星姿态快速机动控制

针对存在外界干扰的情况下使用单框架控制力矩陀螺(SGCMG)作为执行机构的卫星姿态大角度快速机动控制问题,设计了以Legendre伪光谱算法和滑模控制方法相结合的控制策略.采用能量与时间相结合的最优性能指标,应用Legendre伪光谱算法将最优控制问题转化成非线性规划问题,求解出能量和时间综合最优姿态机动轨迹.以该规划...     

敏捷卫星的联合执行机构控制策略

 针对对地观测敏捷卫星大角度快速机动、高控制精度的任务需求,提出了联合推力器与飞轮作为执行机构的控制策略。该控制策略综合利用2种执行机构的优点:推力器以前馈的形式提供机动过程中所需的主要力矩以实现航天器大角度的快速机动,而飞轮以反馈的形式提供精准的控制力矩以提高机动过程中的姿态控制精度。为补偿由于初始状态偏差和推力器输出力矩不准确所带来的控制误差,采用变结构控制设计了2种姿态跟踪控制器,使航天器能够渐进地跟踪上参考轨迹。并对姿态机动控制过程中,飞轮力矩及转速可能出现的饱和问题作了相应的修正。仿真结果表明了所提控制策略及所设计控制算法的可行性和有效性。     

应用旋转矩阵的卫星姿态输出反馈机动控制

针对卫星姿态机动控制问题,提出一种只利用向量测量信息的无角速度反馈的输出反馈控制方法。卫星姿态的指向直接通过旋转矩阵进行描述,而不是先进行参数化过程,避免了由欧拉角、修正的罗德里格参数（MRPs）与四元数等姿态描述方式产生的奇异问题与退绕问题。首先,通过向量测量信息与一组期望姿态向量,引入一个新的姿态指向误差向量,并对其性质进行分析。其次,进一步结合主导滤波器的思想,设计了无需角速度信息的卫星姿态机动控制器,并应用Lyapunov理论,对闭环系统的全局稳定性进行了严格的证明。最后,对所提出的控制算法进行了数值仿真,其结果验证了所设计的输出反馈控制算法的可行性和有效性。     

飞轮被动减振卫星动力学建模及稳定性研究

为提高卫星的指向精度和稳定度,通常在飞轮系统中设计了被动减振器。而对于有敏捷机动要求的卫星,被动减振器的低刚度设计可能会破坏姿态控制系统的动态性能和稳定性。因此,针对飞轮减振情况,建立了卫星刚柔姿态动力学方程,用来准确分析卫星敏捷机动时的动态性能、稳定性问题以及飞轮扰动对卫星稳定度的影响。仿真结果表明,不合适的隔振器刚度设计将会影响指向的动态性能和稳定性,甚至诱发姿控系统失稳。     

基于轨迹跟踪的飞行器大角度姿态机动物理仿真

针对空间飞行器大角度姿态机动控制具有非线性,并要求控制器具有较高的指向精度、姿态稳定度及鲁棒性等特点,应用轨迹跟踪控制算法,设计了比例微分控制器。系统采用DSP作为星载计算机、光纤陀螺作为姿态敏感器、反作用飞轮作为执行机构、系统程序采用C语言编程,利用单轴气浮仿真实验台实现了物理仿真实验。实验结果证明该控制方法能实现飞行器大角度机动控制,控制过程中能准确跟踪预定轨迹,还表现出较好的鲁棒性。     

仅用反作用轮进行小卫星姿态大角度机动

综合轮控高精度优点和小卫星高集成度与姿态机动的要求,以反作用轮为执行机构,采用模型状态轨迹跟踪法,在反作用轮速度饱和约束条件下,进行了模型状态轨迹和基于模型状态轨迹控制律的设计。此外,还针对飞轮摩摩擦等带来的常值干扰,对控制律进行了修正,以提高控制精度。仿真结果表明,此控制方法能较好地实现小卫星姿态的大角度机动。     

基于输出反馈的柔性航天器变结构跟踪控制方法

为解决柔性航天器姿态机动的控制问题,给出了基于输出反馈的变结构跟踪控制算法。针对柔性航天器的大角度机动,在建立了柔性航天器相对参考轨迹的动力学方程的基础上,设计了仅利用航天器本体的角度和角速度信息的变结构跟踪控制器,使得姿态状态跟踪误差(包括姿态跟踪误差和姿态角速度跟踪误差)以及挠性附件的模态变量从任意的初始状态出发都会到达包含原点的一个闭集内,并且姿态状态跟踪误差能收敛到零,并给出了严格的数学证明。仿真结果证明了所提控制方法的可行性和有效性。     

直连式三体绳系卫星姿态鲁棒最优跟踪控制

 针对存在参数不确定性以及外部有界干扰的直连式三体旋转绳系卫星系统姿态跟踪控制问题,提出了一种分布式鲁棒最优控制方法。该方法首先针对单体绳系卫星姿态模型,在不考虑参数不确定性和干扰的条件下,应用Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman方程设计了最优控制器;接着,考虑到实际系统存在参数不确定性和干扰,采用自适应与鲁棒误差积分方法在线学习参数不确定性和有界干扰,与最优控制器结合设计了鲁棒最优控制器,使闭环系统满足了性能指标达到最小的要求,并应用Lyapunov稳定性定理证明了其闭环系统的渐近稳定性。进一步考虑到绳系卫星系统的运动同步性,将单体绳系卫星姿态控制器设计扩展至直连式三体绳系卫星姿态系统,设计了分布式鲁棒最优控制器。最后在MATLAB/Simulink平台上进行了仿真,验证了方法的可行性与有效性,表明其具有潜在的应用前景。     

Near minimum-time feedback attitude control with multiple saturation constraints for agile satellites

Agile satellites are of importance in modern aerospace applications,but high mobility of the satellites may cause them vulnerable to saturation during attitude maneuvers due to limited rating of actuators.This paper proposes a near minimum-time feedback control law for the agile satellite attitude control system.The feedback controller is formed by specially designed cascaded sub-units.The rapid dynamic response of the modified Bang–Bang control logic achieves the near optimal property and ensures the non-saturation properties on three-axis.To improve the dynamic performance,a model reference control strategy is proposed,in which the on-line near optimal attitude maneuver path is generated by the cascade controller and is then tracked by a nonlinear back-stepping controller.Furthermore,the accuracy and the robustness of the control system are achieved by momentum-based on-line inertial identification.The rapid attitude maneuvering can be applied for tasks including the move to move case.Numerical simulations are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy in terms of the saturation-free property and rapidness.     

Feedback linearization and solar pressure satellite attitudecontrol

The question of large angle pitch attitude maneuver of satellites using solar radiation pressure is considered. For pitch axis maneuver, two highly reflective control surfaces are used to generate radiation moment. Based on dynamic feedback linearization, a nonlinear control law is derived for large pitch attitude control. In the closed-loop system, the response characteristics of the pitch angle are governed by a fourth-order linear differential equation. Robustness of control system is obtained by the integral error feedback. Simulation results are presented to show that in the closed-loop system, attitude control of the satellite is accomplished in spite of the parameter uncertainty in the system     

Collocation of two GEO satellites and one inclined GSO satellite

Three collocation strategies are planned and analyzed for the cluster of two geostationary orbit (GEO) satellites and one inclined geosynchronous orbit (GSO) satellite in the same longitude control band of 116°E±0.05° . The longitudinal control bands are allocated for the two GEO satellites and one inclined GSO satellite with seven-day East/West station-keeping maneuver cycle. The latitudinal control bands are allocated for the two GEO satellites with fourteen-day North/South station-keeping maneuver cycle. One inclined GSO satellite is allowed for natural inclination drift. The coordinated eccentricity vector and inclination vector separation method is applied for the collocation, and the maneuver schedule is planned to minimize the operational load by avoiding simultaneous maneuvers. A total of six months of station-keeping maneuver simulations are performed for the three different strategies.     

基于MRP的全局稳定的PID刚体姿态控制

针对刚性航天器姿态控制问题,建立了由修正Rodrigues参数(MRP)表示的混杂姿态模型,并基于此模型设计了一种具有迟滞特性的非线性比例-积分-微分(PID)切换控制器.该控制器包含一个对克里奥利力矩和期望机动力矩的前馈补偿项和一个用于消除轨迹跟踪误差的PID反馈项.通过一个特别的Lyapunov函数分析得到了全局渐...     

Coordinated Multiple Spacecraft Attitude Control with Communication Time Delays and Uncertainties

In this paper, we consider the coordinated attitude control problem of spacecraft formation with communication delays, model and disturbance uncertainties, and propose novel synchronized control schemes. Since the attitude motion is essential in non-Euclidean space, thus, unlike the existing designs which describe the delayed relative attitude via linear algorithm, we treat the attitude error and the local relative attitude on the nonlinear manifold-Lie group, and attempt to obtain coupling attitude information by the natural quaternion multiplication. Our main focus is to address two problems:1) Propose a coordinated attitude controller to achieve the synchronized attitude maneuver, i.e., synchronize multiple spacecraft attitudes and track a time-varying desired attitude; 2) With known model information, we achieve the synchronized attitude maneuver with disturbances under angular velocity constraints. Especially, if the formation does not have any uncertainties, the designer can simply set the controller via an appropriate choice of control gains to avoid system actuator saturation. Our controllers are proposed based on the Lyapunov-Krasovskii method and simulation of a spacecraft formation is conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of theoretical results.     

Nonlinear adaptive spacecraft attitude control using solar radiation pressure

Spacecraft and interplanetary probes orbiting at high altitudes experience forces due to solar radiation pressure, which can be used for maneuvering. The question of large angle pitch attitude maneuvers of satellites using solar radiation torque is considered. For pitch axis maneuver, two highly reflective control surfaces are used to generate radiation moment. The solar radiation moment is a complex nonlinear function of the attitude and parameters of the satellite, the orbital parameters, and the deflection angles of the reflective control surfaces. It is assumed that the parameters of the satellite model are unknown. Based on a backstepping design technique, a nonlinear adaptive control law is derived for the control of the pitch angle. In the closed-loop system, the pitch angle asymptotically tracks prescribed reference trajectories. Simulation results are presented to show that the adaptive control system accomplishes attitude control of the satellite in spite of the parameter uncertainties in the system.