含噪振动信号中早期碰摩的故障检测研究

 研究了在有噪环境下发动机转子系统早期碰摩故障的检测问题。利用最优参数搜索法改进了独立分量分析( ICA) 算法, 用于求解转子系统振动信号与噪声的盲分离问题。在此基础上, 对分离后的振动信号利用小波包分解进行早期碰摩信号的检测。结果显示最优搜索的ICA 算法运行效率高, 信号分离纯度好, 对振动信号有高效的降噪作用, 并利用小波包分解准确地检测出振动信号中的碰摩信息, 其效果优于小波分解法。信噪分离与小波包分解相结合有望用于工程实践中的早期碰摩故障检测和诊断。     

精密磨削机床智能监测系统开发与应用

以大口径光学元件精密与超精密磨削为监控对象,搭建磨削机床智能监测系统,探索智能磨削监控共性技术。监测系统以NI-PXI为主要运行硬件平台,建立与数控系统的通信,以机床内部、内置和外置传感器相结合的方式,自动获取机床运行过程和磨削加工过程的重要动态过程信号以及其他相关数据,通过对磨削机床全生命过程延伸数据体系的管理与分析,实现机床热平衡监测与热误差补偿、磨削液循环监控以及砂轮磨削性能退化在线评估等目标,以智能监控方式确保磨削机床长期平稳运行和加工质量稳定。     

复杂制造系统动态测控与智能诊断技术

多年来,人们在复杂制造系统运行状态检测、故障预警和诊断的技术研究中,进行了加工过程微弱信号特征提取技术、多传感器信息融合混合智能诊断建模和在线监测验证平台搭建的大量研究,已经取得了令人鼓舞的成果。但应该指出的是,动态测控和智能诊断至今还存在误报、漏报以及及时性差等问题,特别是对于已预测到的故障进行智能化实时控制尚需进行进一步研究。     

非侵入式电机能效在线监测系统软件设计

电机是工业系统中的主要动力输出和耗电设备,发展电机节能和在线监测技术具有重要意义。主要介绍了非侵入式电机能效监测软件系统的组成、设计方法和实现的功能,通过对电机运行状态信息的采集和分析,实现了对电机转速、转矩、功率因数、效率等运行参数的在线监测,并对监测结果进行分析,为电机能源管理提供支持。利用C#编程完成串口通讯,labview8.5完善监控界面,SQL server 2005建立电机监控数据库。实验结果表明该系统运行可靠,操作简单,安全性高。     

抗ARM攻击告警诱偏系统时序控制方法

针对诱偏系统由于站间距离、时序控制等因素造成诱饵信号、雷达信号在时域上存在差别,无法对反辐射导弹(anti-radiation missiles,ARM)进行有效诱偏的问题,提出了告警诱偏系统时序控制模型及近似模型,通过时序控制使各诱饵信号到达ARM雷达口面的时刻近似相同,大大减少了诱饵信号前沿超前时间,增加了ARM前沿检测区分信号的难度。根据ARM前沿检测区分信号能力,分析了传统时序控制方法下典型诱偏系统的有效诱偏区域;利用告警雷达提供的ARM位置信息,提出告警诱偏系统时序控制模型;根据实际告警雷达工作性能,提出告警诱偏系统时序控制近似模型。仿真试验验证了该方法的有效性和实用性。     

伺服特征信息与RV减速器负载关联性研究

针对现有RV减速器工况识别中传感器安装位置受限和采集信号易受外界噪声干扰等问题,综合利用伺服特征信息对RV减速器工作状况进行监测,提高工业机器人在制造领域的服役性能。首先,根据RV减速器的结构参数及工作机制,分析输入转速与RV减速器关键频率、伺服特征信息与负载之间的关联性;然后,基于K-means聚类算法构建伺服特征信息与RV减速器负载之间的关联性辨识模型;最后,通过搭建RV减速器试验平台采集不同负载工况下伺服系统反馈信息,进行相应处理后运用关联辨识模型,实现了对负载状态的精确识别,识别率高达97.45%。本文可为基于伺服特征信息的RV减速器运行状态监测提供技术支撑。     

振动信号分析技术在机械故障诊断中的应用

本介绍了对压气机试验装置进行监测信号处理的情况，通过用CF－920动态信号分析仪对大量的振动信号分析处理后，诊断出试验件和测扭器等重要部件产生异常振动的原因。为该设备的试验，维修和部件更换提供了决策依据。保证了设备的安全运行。本讨论了故障诊断实例也为旋转机械的故障识别提供了方法。同时证明了信号分析技术在旋转机械的运行与维护中的重要作用。     

火箭发动机界面回波信号增强的兰姆波技术研究

针对火箭发动机界面胶接质量检测中的回波信号微弱问题,通过利用兰姆波在单层各项同性介质中的位移分布公式,讨论了S0、A0、S1和A1这四种模式兰姆波在发动机钢壳中传播时的能量分布情况,并从理论上和实验中证明了S0和A0模式的声波能量集中于钢壳表面,且横波分量占主要成分,能够将声能最大限度地传入内部包覆层中。因此选择S0和A0模式兰姆波进行检测,能够增强深层回波信号能量,为胶接质量分析提供更有效的信息。     

飞机发动机混沌振动信号盲分离检测方法

发动机混沌振动信号携带着丰富的状态信息,依据混沌振动信号进行状态监测及故障诊断是一种很有前途的技术手段,但由于混沌信号具有伪随机特性及在低频段具有宽频谱等特点,使得传统的方法很难将其从振动信号中分离。在提取混沌振动信号方面,使用快速独立分量分析（Fast ICA）盲分离方法分离出飞机发动机振动信号中的混沌信号。利用功率谱和Lyapunov指数（LE）方法进行了判定,根据计算结果对发动机状态做出判断,验证了盲分离方法分离混沌振动信号的有效。盲分离检测混沌振动信号的方法不仅使依据混沌信号判断飞机发动机状态成为可能,也为利用混沌信号进行状态预测和控制提供了一种方法。     

MARS远程航电光纤网络

系统介绍MARS远程航电光纤网络以自主知识产权为本,通过高带宽光纤网络,面向航空航天应用,实现集远程系统联调、异地信号观察及设备共享、海量信号存储、故障分析、系统仿真等功能于一体的统一技术平台,为航空航天的仿真测试、系统调试、运行维护和分析诊断全过程提供强有力的综合保障。     

大型城市污水输送SCADA系统通信网络设计与实现

通过对数个通信技术的分析,依照城市污水输送SCADA系统完善污水泵站无人值守运行要求,应用MPLSVPN技术对运行24年的上海合流污水治理(一期)工程中央监控系统的通信网络实施升级改造。以MPLSVPN技术所提供的高可靠性、高安全性、易扩展性及良好的经济性,完成整合泵站设备运行数据、泵站安防信息数据,以及泵站设备运行及泵站安防视频图像的城市污水输送SCADA系统数据的稳定传输,给稳定运行二十多年的大型城市排水传统SCADA系统注入了新的活力。     

Surveillance system based on data fusion from image and acousticarray sensors

The present publication shows a model of a monitoring system of high benefit, based on two complementary sensorial systems (image+acoustics), which allows the information received to fuse, and to prioritize the computational resources toward the zones with considerable risk. The application uses components such as: active acoustic radar based on a phase array of microphones, with techniques of beamforming, and multibeam detection schemes; efficient compression algorithms and video transmission in real time. The system is composed of an arbitrary number of sensors (monitoring probes), distributed by the monitoring space, a data network and a central server (monitoring manager). The sensors consist of a microprocessor, with its memory and three main modules: (1) acoustic radar; (2) video capture card; and (3) network card. The flexibility of the system allows new modules to be added such as: personal detector card; sound card; cards for telecontrol; etc. The sensor microprocessor preprocesses the information received by the modules, packs and transmits it to the central server through a data network. The system uses IP protocol, and SNMPv2 for management     

CT local reconstruction of solid rocket motor based on PI-POCS-TVM

In order to test the defects of solid rocket motor (SRM) accurately and efficiently, the computed tomography (CT) inspection scheme for SRMs defects was investigated and a CT local reconstruction algorithm called prior information projection onto convex sets total variation minimization (PI-POCS-TVM) was developed. The SRM was first inspected by industrial CT (ICT) to generate a low resolution SRM image used as the prior information, then high resolution local inspection was carried out for SRM's defects. To validate the effectiveness of the CT inspection scheme for SRMs defects, one SRM was inspected by a narrow fan beam ICT system. Filtered back projection (FBP) algorithm, POCS, POCS-TVM and PI-POCS-TVM algorithms were applied to reconstruct CT images. The performance of these algorithms was also compared. Results demonstrated the effectiveness of the CT inspection scheme for SRM's defects. Moreover, the PI-POCS-TVM algorithm has better local reconstruction image quality than the other three algorithms, showing great significance for accurate measurement of SRM's defects.      

航空发动机实时寿命监视及数据处理方法研究

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基于Hadoop云存储高速公路远程视频监控系统的研究与设计

针对高速公路远程视频监控系统海量数据的存储问题,通过对Hadoop框架和HDFS分布式文件系统等云计算核心技术的分析和研究,提出了一种基于Hadoop框架的海量数据存储模型,并在此模型的基础上,研究并设计了基于Hadoop云存储的高速公路远程视频监控系统。该系统有效地解决了高速公路远程视频监控过程中遇到的海量数据存储管理问题,具有开发成本低、处理速度较快、操作简便、使用效果好等特点。     

Image Quality Evaluation in Security Imaging Systems

The subjective image quality of image or video information is a crucial item in security imaging systems. During the last five years our lab has tested and verified various approaches to the image compression for security purposes and the evaluation of subjective image quality. In the paper we discuss selected important facts related to the subjective image quality evaluation and we present some anomalous experimental behavior of image compression techniques. An object-defined approach is investigated and advantageous characteristics of chosen methods are deployed to achieve the optimal performance of the surveillance video coder. Among others, we propose to use the artificial neural network (ANN) to predict resulting image quality rating scores. The proposed quality assessment model has been trained and tested using a set of grayscale images distorted by selected image compression algorithms     

Compression standards and alternative methods for video telecom

The complex video compression methods in the process of being standardized, which are designed to reduce transmission needs by detecting and coding image redundancy temporally and spatially between frames, are examined. Methods involving fractals, and wavelets may achieve more efficient coding by defining spatial formats and equations more applicable to the specific image than the more general-purpose transforms of the standards. A newer method involves the capture of an entire database of image characteristics and identifies and stores the 3-D motion in the image field. The image can be reproduced at high compression rates at remote locations. Telecommunication products that facilitate the operation and use of video compression systems are presented     

Automated inspection of through hole solder joints utilizing X-rayimaging

Solder joint inspection has traditionally been done by manual inspection. The disadvantage of manual inspection is the large amount of time required and the decrease in efficiency as operator fatigue occurs. This has prompted the development of automated inspection systems to speed up the inspection process and increase efficiency. Automated inspection systems typically use visible light, infrared light or X-rays to illuminate the board. These systems require solder joint position information that is provided either by CAD data or by human entry of the position information. This paper describes a preliminary, automated inspection system that finds the solder joints in an X-ray image and inspects them using an artificial neural network (ANN). The identification of solder joints in the gray-scale image is done using image processing techniques; CAD data or manual registration of the solder joints is not required. The image processing techniques also yield binary maps (i.e., black and white images) showing the locations of ICs and other components, which is useful for other diagnostics     

海上无人机多机协同巡检航迹规划方法

随着无人机技术应用的不断深入,如何提高无人机编队的协同能力及在复杂动态环境的自适应性,已成为“集群智能”的 1个重要研究方向。文章对海上无人机多机协同航迹规划整体流程进行了分析,分别阐释了静态和动态场景下的多机协同规划方法。静态场景下主要采用分支定界法建立静态问题模型,为每架无人机划分作业区域、生成作业路径,使得整个巡检作业的航迹长度代价与作业时间代价最小;动态场景下主要针对气象变化、连续跟监、海域变化 3种突发场景,侧重于协同决策和路径规划设计对应的目标函数,采用启发式算法为整个巡检作业进行自适应航迹规划,以确保安全性和效率性。实验结果显示,无人机协同路径规划能够根据环境变化和任务需求动态调整多无人机的巡检路径,快速给出不同突发情况下的最佳动态调整方案,以应对复杂的海上环境并动态规避障碍物。     

MAP-CA在视频压缩中的应用

信息时代的重要特征是信息的数字化,但数字化的视频数据量是非常巨大的。为了使数字化的视频信号更有效地传输,对其进行压缩势在必行。应用MAP-CA这个DSP芯片可以对视频图像进行MPEG-4标准的压缩,压缩比可以达到1000:1。在公用电话线上就可以连续传输视频,并能保持图像的质量,最高图像清晰度为768×576,可以达到接近DVD的画面效果。