共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
迄今为止,国际上已有美国、苏联/俄罗斯及日本发射了深空采样返回探测器,实现了月球、彗星粒子、太阳风粒子和小行星粒子再入返回。我国的"嫦娥工程"正按照"绕、落、回"3个步骤稳步实施。而作为探月三期关键技术之一的再入返回,将突破从近地空间以外的天体返回和再入地球的技术,并已完成了探月一期、二期任务,为我国后续的月球探测和其他深空探测活动奠定技术基础。 相似文献
4.
中国深空探测器技术的发展与展望 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
□□人类所生存的地球,只是浩瀚宇宙中的沧海一粟。自古以来,随着科学技术的进步和发展,了解太空、探索地球以外的物质,一直是人类不懈追求的目标。人造地球卫星、载人航天技术的发展,使人类认识宇宙的目光越来越远;而探索更深更广的太空,则成为了现代人类航天活动的一个主要方向。深空探测主要包括对月球的探测、行星及其卫星探测和行星际探测三大方面。深空探测对人类了解太阳系的起源、演变历史和现状,通过对太阳系内各主要行星的比较研究,进一步认识地球环境的形成与演变、探索生命的起源和演变以及积极开发和利用空间资源具有… 相似文献
5.
由于离子电推进的高比冲特性,采用它执行小行星探测器巡航阶段轨道机动任务时,将使探测器在同样的有效载荷下的发射重量大大减轻。针对我国规划中的主带小行星采样返回任务,调研了国外离子电推进在深空探测任务中的应用情况,在借鉴国外成功经验和任务需求分析的基础上,设计了主带小行星探测器离子电推进系统方案和应用策略,计算了在目前离子推力器寿命水平下,既定探测任务对离子电推进推力、比冲、推进剂量以及功耗需求。研究表明,目前研制的离子推力器可以满足规划中的主带小行星探测任务需求。研究成果对探测器的方案设计有参考价值。 相似文献
6.
杨俊春 《空间控制技术与应用》2013,(3):59-62
深空探测返回器再入环境恶劣,为了保证在此情况下仍然能够安全准确地返回,研究LQR标准轨道制导法和预测制导法,分析两种方法对再入初始条件的适应性以及在各种情况下的落点精度,并针对以第二宇宙速度再入的返回器进行数学仿真.仿真结果表明,在较大的初始偏差情况下,预测制导律比LQR制导律具有更小的航程误差. 相似文献
7.
深空探测任务中自主导航测量误差是影响深空探测自主导航系统精度的主要影响因素。针对抑制自主导航测量误差的问题,提出一种平面约束辅助测量的深空探测器自主天文导航方法,该方法在对系统非线性不等式几何平面约束建模的基础上,利用序列二次规划(Sequential Quadratic Programming,SQP)非线性规划方法,对深空探测器自主天文导航系统的非线性不等式约束进行非线性规划,直接辅助减小深空探测器自主导航系统的量测误差;利用CKF-SQP量测优化非线性约束滤波方法,对深空探测器自主导航系统的状态进行估计,进一步减小系统随机误差。仿真结果表明:所提方法可以有效抑制测量误差,实现深空探测器高精度自主导航。该方法可为深空探测器提供一种可行的高精度自主导航方法。 相似文献
8.
天文导航是一种广泛应用于深空探测任务的全自主导航方法.基于状态模型和量测模型的非线性卡尔曼滤波方法在天文导航中被广泛使用.卡尔曼滤波要求状态和量测模型误差是高斯白噪声且先验协方差信息已知,但在深空探测器天文导航系统中,状态模型和量测模型噪声通常不能精确知道且是时变的.因此,自适应卡尔曼滤波器广泛用于解决状态和量测模型误差未知且时变的问题.本文首先结合火星探测器接近段的实际情况分析了火星探测器接近段模型噪声的时变特性,然后对三种常用的在线调节自适应滤波方法在火星探测接近段的滤波表现进行了仿真实验. 相似文献
9.
10.
采样返回任务是指在地球之外的空间进行采样并将样品返回地球的探测器任务,可以通过多种方式来收集和保存样品,包括使用捕捉太阳风或彗星粒子的收集器阵列,挖掘和开采土壤、岩石,以及其他可能获取样品的方式。采样返回任务带回的样品一般为太阳风、彗星粒子,或者尘埃和岩石等。 相似文献
11.
12.
13.
M.A. Franzen L.A. Roe J.A. Buffington D.W.G. Sears 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2008
Sample return is playing an increasingly important role in solar system exploration. Among the possible mission on the horizon, are sample return from asteroids, comets, the Moon and Mars. A collector initially intended for near-Earth asteroids is the touch-and-go-impregnable-pad (TGIP). Here we explore the effect of temperature on its collection capabilities. Temperatures expected on near-Earth asteroid mission targets range from −43 to 36 °C. Experiments were conducted at −75, −50, −25, 23, 65, and 105 °C. It was found that the mass of sample collected by the TGIP increased almost linearly to 23 °C and then leveled off at higher temperatures. We also found that the collector did not lose its ability to collect samples after being subjected to −75 °C temperatures (essentially frozen) and then thawed. These experiments have shown that the TGIP can operate effectively at temperatures expected on near-Earth asteroids, especially if collection is performed on the sunward side of the asteroid. 相似文献
14.
Ram K. Tripathi John W. Wilson Robert C. Youngquist 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2008
For the success of NASA’s new vision for space exploration to Moon, Mars and beyond, exposures from the hazards of severe space radiation in deep space long duration missions is ‘a must solve’ problem. The payload penalty demands a very stringent requirement on the design of the spacecrafts for human deep space missions. The exploration beyond low Earth orbit (LEO) to enable routine access of space will require protection from the hazards of the accumulated exposures of space radiation, Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCR) and Solar Particle Events (SPE), and minimizing the production of secondary radiation is a great advantage. There is a need to look to new horizons for newer technologies. The present investigation revisits electrostatic active radiation shielding and explores the feasibility of using the electrostatic shielding in concert with the state-of-the-art materials shielding and protection technologies. The full space radiation environment has been used, for the first time, to explore the feasibility of electrostatic shielding. The goal is to repel enough positive charge ions so that they miss the spacecraft without attracting thermal electrons. Conclusions are drawn for the future directions of space radiation protection. 相似文献
15.
《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2023,71(1):1059-1073
Foreground emission, mainly airglow and zodiacal light, is a significant contributor in an ultraviolet observation especially from low earth orbit. Its careful estimation and removal are tedious yet unavoidable processes in the study of diffuse UV radiation and by extension interstellar dust studies. Our analysis of deep GALEX observations show that airglow is not only a function of Sun angle but also a strong function of Solar activity at the time of observation. We present here an empirical model of airglow emission, derived from GALEX deep observations, as a function of 10.7 cm Solar flux and Sun angle. We obtained the model by training machine learning models on the data using a variant of the regression algorithm that is both resilient toward outlier data and sensitive to the complexities of the provided data. Our model predictions across various observations show no loss in generalization as well as good agreement with the observed values. We find that the total airglow in an observation is the sum of a baseline part (AGc) that depends on the Solar flux and Sun angle, and a variable part (AGv) that depends on the Sun angle and the time of observation with respect to local midnight. We also find that the total airglow can vary between 85 – 390 photon units in FUV and 80 – 465 photon units in NUV. 相似文献
16.
深空探测自主导航与控制技术综述 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
深空探测自主导航与控制技术是深空探测任务成功实施的关键。基于开展深空探测自主导航与控制技术研究的迫切性,综合分析和评述深空探测自主导航与控制技术的研究进展,着重分析深空探测自主导航与控制的必要性和国外深空探测自主导航与控制技术的研究发展趋势,提出深空探测自主导航与控制的关键技术,根据分析,提出了发展深空探测自主导航与控制技术的建议. 相似文献
17.
18.
19.
20.
提出了一种基于天体光谱红移测速和利用星光敏感器测角的测速测角组合导航新方法。该方法与现在的深空探测器导航方法相比,优势明显:一是无需太复杂的轨道动力学模型,简单易行。二是不需要依赖地面的无线电信息,无时延。最重要的是消除了测角导航方法引入的微分误差和测速导航方法引入的积分误差,可以实现精确天文自主导航,满足深空导航连续自主、实时高精度的基础要求。针对该导航方法,首先完成了轨道动力学模型和量测模型的建立工作,然后根据模型的非线性特点,分别采用扩展卡尔曼滤波算法完成了对该组合自主导航方法的研究。最后,对该方法进行仿真验证,通过对仿真结果的分析可以发现,测速测角组合自主导航方法满足巡航段的导航精度指标要求。 相似文献