Evaluation of Voigt algorithms for the ISS/JEM/SMILES L2 data processing system

We present a calculation of the accuracy and speed of the Voigt function of various algorithms (Armstrong (1967), Hui et al. (1978), Humlicek (1982) and improved version of Kuntz (1997) developed in this study) for making the faster and higher accuracy forward model required for the Superconducting Submillimeter-Wave Limb-Emission Sounder (SMILES) Level 2 (L2) data processing system.     

First results of ozone profiles between 35 and 65 km retrieved from SCIAMACHY limb spectra and observations of ozone depletion during the solar proton events in October/November 2003

Ozone density profiles between 35 and 65 km altitude are derived from scattered sunlight limb radiance spectra measured by the SCIAMACHY instrument on the Envisat satellite. The method is based on the inversion of normalized limb radiance profiles in the Hartley absorption bands of ozone at selected wavelengths between 250 and 310 nm. It employs a non-linear Newtonian iteration version of Optimal Estimation (OE) coupled with the radiative transfer model SCIARAYS. The limb scatter technique combined with a classical OE retrieval in the short-wave UV-B and long-wave UV-C delivers reliable results as shown by a first comparison with MIPAS V4.61 profiles yielding agreement within 10% between 38 and 55 km. An overview of the methodology and an initial error analysis are presented. Furthermore the effect of the solar proton storm between 28 October and 6 November 2003 on the ozone concentration profiles is shown. They indicate large depletion of ozone of about 60% at 50 km in the Northern hemisphere, a weaker depletion in the Southern hemisphere and a dependence of the depletion on the Earth’s magnetic field.     

基于力矩输出能力最优的SGCMG操纵律设计

为使SGCMG系统在有效回避奇异的同时能够较精确地输出期望力矩, 设计了一种基于力矩输出能力最优原理的SGCMG联合操纵律. 根据期望力矩矢量及SGCMG力矩输出的几何关系, 提出了新的系统奇异状态指标, 给出使力矩输出能力最优的框架角速度; 引入优化指标, 使得框架转速误差和输出力矩误差的混合二次型最小, 保证在力矩输出能力达到最优的同时也使得输出力矩误差最小. 采用奇异值分解理论证明了联合操纵律在奇异面处不存在框架锁定现象, 能够有效地逃离奇异, 同时分析了所设计操纵律的力矩输出误差. 以金字塔构型SGCMG系统为例, 对所设计的联合操纵律分别进行了恒定力矩仿真和卫星大角度机动仿真. 仿真结果表明, 联合操纵律能够顺利回避角动量奇异面, 不存在奇异鲁棒操纵律存在的框架锁定现象, 且输出力矩误差较非对角奇异鲁棒操纵律小, 能够顺利完成航天器大角度机动任务.     

Using only observation station data for PPP ambiguity resolution by UPD estimation

This article proposes a new method for uncalibrated phase delay (UPD) estimation to improve the accuracy of precise point positioning (PPP), which uses only observation station data. This means that the station used to generate the UPDs is the same station to which they are applied. First, dual-frequency observation equations based on a raw PPP model are developed. Then, the UPDs are calculated from integer linear combinations of float ambiguities. Third, with the UPD corrections, the least-squares ambiguity decorrelation adjustment (LAMBDA) method is utilized to obtain the integer ambiguities. Since only observation station data are used for UPD estimation, the partial ambiguity resolution (PAR) method is adopted to increase the possibility of finding a subset of integer ambiguities. The UPD estimation and ambiguity resolution are performed in each epoch. To obtain the correct integer ambiguity, the ratio test and success rate (bootstrapping) are used to evaluate the estimated integer ambiguity. Finally, by treating the integer ambiguities as constants, fixed solutions can be obtained. Quality control is also applied throughout the entire data processing procedure to obtain high quality float and fixed solutions. Data from 22 stations of the International Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Service (IGS) in East Asia on day of year (DOY) 206, 2017, are used to verify the feasibility of this method. The experimental results show that compared with the float solution, the proposed method can significantly improve the accuracy in the east, north and up directions by 24%, 21% and 18% for static PPP and 36%, 18% and 34% for dynamic PPP, respectively. However, the accuracy of the proposed method is still lower than that of the fixed solutions obtained by the PRIDE-PPPAR software, in which the fractional cycle bias is computed based on reference network data. These findings sufficiently show that the proposed method can offer better solution accuracy than the float solution. However, the quality of the UPDs estimated only from observation station data is not as good as that of the estimates obtained based on reference network data.     

基于X射线脉冲星导航试验卫星观测数据的到达时间估计

中国首颗X射线脉冲星导航试验卫星（X-ray Pulsar Navigation-1, XPNAV-1）搭载了两种体制的X射线探测器,其主要任务是在轨开展X射线脉冲星的探测以及进行脉冲星导航体制的验证。为了实现到达时间（Time of Arrival,TOA）的高精度估计,提出了利用阵列信号处理领域的多重信号子空间分类（Multiple Signal Classification,MUSIC）方法进行脉冲星导航的TOA估计,进行了试验仿真验证,并且对XPNAV-1观测到的蟹状星云（Crab）脉冲星的光子数据进行处理。在观测时间为协调世界时（Coordinate Universal Time,UTC）57727.0约简儒略日（Modified Julian Day,MJD）到UTC57812.0MJD内,选取了0.5~10keV频段内的121段光子观测数据,对这些数据进行了脉冲轮廓折叠,得到了Crab脉冲星的折叠轮廓,然后分别利用互相关法和MUSIC方法进行折叠轮廓的TOA估计,最后对比了两种方法的估计结果。     

A faster optimization method based on support vector regression for aerodynamic problems

In this paper, a new strategy for optimal design of complex aerodynamic configuration with a reasonable low computational effort is proposed. In order to solve the formulated aerodynamic optimization problem with heavy computation complexity, two steps are taken: (1) a sequential approximation method based on support vector regression (SVR) and hybrid cross validation strategy, is proposed to predict aerodynamic coefficients, and thus approximates the objective function and constraint conditions of the originally formulated optimization problem with given limited sample points; (2) a sequential optimization algorithm is proposed to ensure the obtained optimal solution by solving the approximation optimization problem in step (1) is very close to the optimal solution of the originally formulated optimization problem. In the end, we adopt a complex aerodynamic design problem, that is optimal aerodynamic design of a flight vehicle with grid fins, to demonstrate our proposed optimization methods, and numerical results show that better results can be obtained with a significantly lower computational effort than using classical optimization techniques.     

基于CE/SE法的翼型流场激波捕捉计算

在二维四边形结构网格下,针对时空守恒元和解元(CE/SE, space-time Conservation Element and Solution Element)方法捕捉激波需要双倍空间网格点的问题,重新对守恒元和解元进行了定义,计算点同时包含单元中心和网格节点,并推导得到了新的CE/SE方法的计算公式.以此为基础,结合非敏感克朗数(CNIS, Courant Number Insensitive Scheme)计算格式和当地时间步长方法,对激波翼型流场进行数值模拟,并与原方法及AGARD报告进行对比.结果表明,对原CE/SE方法的改进是有效的,可明显提高激波分辨能力,并且激波前后无明显的数值震荡发生,新方法适合应用于翼型流场中捕捉激波.     

非磁性材料介电常数测量传输反射法改进研究CSCD

在传统NRW传输反射法的基础上,针对非磁性材料的介电常数测试,提出了一种改进算法。该方法分别从反射系数与传输系数入手,得到两种求解表达式,结合两种表达式的优缺点,克服了NRW算法中的厚度谐振与多值解问题,准确求解出材料的复介电常数,此外,针对测试中由于样品移动引起的位置模糊性问题,介绍了一种通过计算求解确定样品位置的方法。最后根据提出的方法编制了测试软件,并对常用微波介质材料进行了测试,完成了对比验证。